EU-Philippines Energy Meeting EU29 May 2013, Manila

Dr. Lee Siew Eang Department of Building National University of Singapore

How Energy Efficiency Issues are being Handled?

OECD Countries
Government Regulate

ASIAN Emerging
Government Promote and Regulate
Greening Building and Built Environment Energy targets are embedded in Green Building requirements

Energy Targets and Codes

NGO Manage Green Building Development

NGO managed GBC seen as Industry Support

Singapores Approach
Achieving Energy Efficiency through Green Building Development
Balancing Green Building with Economic Development

Balancing Energy Efficiency with Livability

The Issues:
Energy Water Resource

Climate Change Mitigation Clean and Green Livability in City

Green Built Environment

Support Economic Development & Job Creation

Greenery Pollution Avoidance

Structuring the Green Building Assessment Method:

Green Mark Scheme and Energy Efficiency
3.7% 4.2% 8.9%

Energy Efficiency Environmental Protection Water Efficiency Indoor Environmental Quality Other Green Features & Innovations

22.1% 61.1%

Green Star Healthcare - Percentage of Points

2.9% 4.7% 7.0% 8.1% 9.9% 11.6% 16.9%

Materials
20.3%

Indoor Environmental Quality Energy Emissions

18.6%

Management Water Transportation

Getting the Act right:

First, Energy Efficiency then Renewables

Renewable Sources

Efficiency Measures

Meeting Future Needs: Needs: Advocating Right Approach

Concept of Energy Efficiency

Energy Efficiency

Environment Business Objectives

Life Style

Strategic Business Decisions/Directions

The Establishment of a Strong Energy Services Sector

Energy Audits

Energy Project Management Performance Financing Energy Contract Retrofits

Policy Development Procurement

Research & Development

Capacity Development Data + Knowledge Bases Development Market Structure and Stratification Incentive and Promotion Strategic Development + R&D

Important Initiatives in Singapore

Capacity Development Data+Knowledge Base Development Market Structure and Stratification Incentive and Promotion Strategic Development + R&D SCEM Training Programme Benchmarks, Benchmarks , PMVP, Info Centre ESCOs Accreditation eASE/GMIS/GMDP eASE /GMIS/GMDP Modeling/GT Modeling /GT TestTest-Bed/ Bed/CC CC Tech.

Awareness

ESCOs Accreditation
APPLICATION GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND ACCREDITATION OF ENERGY SERVICES COMPANIES (AUDITING SERVICES)
1st Edition, February 2005

The GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND ACCREDITATION OF ENERGY SERVICES COMPANIES (AUDITING SERVICES)

Towards Energy Efficient Buildings and Advancing Energy and Sustainable Development
Certification Scheme Supported by:

Energy and Sustainability Unit (EDBs LEAP Partner) Department of Building School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore 117566 Tel: 6874 4082 Fax: 6773 3837
Copyright Energy Sustainability Unit, Feb 2005 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the Energy Sustainability Unit.

Research Programmes on Energy Performance of Building and Benchmarking

Benchmarking Energy Performance
Cumulative Curve of Building Energy Efficiency (Landlord) of Office Buildings in Singapore
1 0.9

Hotel Classification

Cumulative percentage (%)

0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 65 95 125 155 185 215 245 275 More

Saving

A
10

Total Energy (kWh/m2)

Landlord building energy efficiency (kwh/sq m/year)

Verification Update
1.2 1.1 1.06 kW/RT* 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 -2.22E-16

BCA Green Mark Certification Process

Chiller Plant Performance (kW/RT) 2008 to 2011
Green Mark Version 3

2005 to 2008

From 2011
Green Mark Version 4

0.83 kW/RT 0.73 kW/RT

*Ave EB Chiller
Plant Efficiency Source: NEA
Verified operating chiller plant efficiency Design chiller plant efficiency

Engage International Experts: Learn from the Best

2nd Green Building Master Plan by Second IPE
Govt Taking The Lead

6 strategic thrusts with emphasis on existing buildings, beyond and within buildings

Imposing Minimum Standards

2nd Green Building Master Plan

Incentivising Private Sector

International Profiling & Raising Awareness Building Industry Capabilities through Training

Development Work in Green Building Technology

Planned Development Strategy

2007 2010 2013

Master Plan 1

Master Plan 2

Master Plan 3

Building Codes Public Sector Take the Lead

Capacity Building Research and Development

Incentivizing Private Sector Raising Public Awareness

Building Codes Update

Accelerate Building Retrofit

Mobilizing the End Users

Imposing Minimum Standards on Environmental Sustainability

April 2008. All New Buildings and Existing Buildings undergoing major retrofitting works (with GFA 2000 m2) to meet at least Green Mark Certified Standard

Incentives & Financing Assistance For Existing Buildings

S$100mil
INCENTIVES FOR RETROFITTING EXISTING BUILDINGS (SINCE 2009)

Building Retrofit Energy Efficiency Financing (BREEF) Scheme

Provide financing to undertake energy efficiency retrofits

 Min. GM standard for existing buildings when cooling system is retrofitted Three-yearly energy audit on cooling system Annual submission of building info & energy consumption data

Legislation passed in Sept 2012

3-Yearly System Chiller Plant Load andEfficiency Efficiency Audit

Strong Business Case for Energy Efficiency Retrofits

24 hr operation (Hotel, Lab) GFA Retrofit Cost Cost Saving per yr Retrofit Cost per m2 Cost Saving per m2 per yr Payback period Average Payback 20,000 m2 to 30,000 m2 $1.5 mil to $3.5 mil $250,000 to $1 mil $60 /m2 to $110 /m2 $15 /m2 to $30 /m2 3.5 to 6 yrs 4.3 yrs Non-24 hr operation (Office Bldgs, Retail Malls) 20,000 m2 to 110,000 m2 $1 mil to $9.5 mil $110,000 to 1.4 mil $60 /m2 to $100 /m2 $10 /m2 to $15 /m2 5 to 7.5 yrs ~6 yrs

Speed of development and Incentive System

Achievement of ESCO Accreditation and the EASe Programme

Total No. of Energy Audit 146 applications

No. of Grant applications Claimed Implemented Not implemented In progress 38 43 65 $1,152,740 $547,541 $562,062 Actual Capital Expenditure $49,523,061 $37,518,909 Actual Savings $11,988,580 $9,677,199

From 2007-2009

Where we are today

Number of building projects

Green Mark Building Projects in Singapore GFA (by floor area)

416.6 392.9 247.6 164.8 107.6 61.7
33 127 239 427 1274 1180

(million ft2)

1,274
Green Mark Buildings

1400 1200 1000 800 600 400

736

200 11.5 22.9 17 0

450.0 400.0 350.0 300.0 250.0 200.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 0.0

416.6
million ft2

17%
of total existing bldg floor space

FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 (6 mths) (Sep 2012)

Energy Consumption Distribution among Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Distribution of Building Systems with respect to Total Energy Consumption for three classes of Office building
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Air-conditioner system
12.54 0 1.02 17.18 11.8911.35 13.32 13.79 1.6 41.87 35.18 69.76
126.72 kwh/year/sq m 198.48 kwh/year/sq m 355.46 kwh/year/sq m

Percentage energy consumption (%)

32 21.31 16.27

Lighting system

Office equipment & miscellaneous electrical appliance

Potential Energy Saving and ROI of Buildings with respect to Age ROI and Saving versus Age of Building
50 45

40

ROI Saving(%)

Return in Investment (Years) Energy Saving (%)

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 4

12

15

16

19

20

Age of Building (Years)

Types of Energy Conservation Measure with respect to Cost of Retrofit

Type of Retrofit
Replacement of Chillers Replace all pumps and install VSD for pumps, install CPA Replace all tertiary pumps, remove balancing valves and fine tuning pump control Install CO sensor and VSD for car park fans Install VSD for all pumps and CTs, remove constant flow valve @ chillers; implement chiller plant optimization programme

Cost (S$) per unit Saving (kWh)

1.40-2.00

1.16

0.88

0.85

0.50

23

Various Energy Conservation Options for the Air-conditioning System

This certified Program is Recognized by:

Economic Development Board of Singapore

Energy Market Authority of Singapore

National Environment Agency

Building and Construction Authority

Endorsed by:

Singapore Institution of Engineers

International Facility Manager Association Singapore Chapter

Sustainable Energy Association of Singapore

Singapore Manufacturers Federation

25

Green Building Research

Green Buildings

ZEB@BCAA, Singapore

Usage of Low-e glass Strategically placed shading devices Energy efficient lamps Photovoltaic systems Technologically advanced chillers, variable speed drives, and personalised ventilation systems (40% reduction in energy required to cool the building)

Conclusion
1. Green Building can achieve Energy Efficiency improvement through careful design of assessment method. 2. It is important to establish a strong Energy Services Sector through training and ESCOs Accreditation. 3. Energy performance research to provide accurate and useful technical data to support decisions making is important. 4. Updating codes and incentivising the private sector can enhance the marketing take up rate significantly. 5. Public sector taking the lead can provide the early stage demonstrations and generate market confidence.

Thank you
Centre for Total Building Performance
A BCA-NUS Centre for Tropical Building Research

www.ctbp.bdg.nus.edu. sg
Lee Siew Eang
Director, Centre for Total Building Performance Head, Energy Sustainability Unit Department of Building School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore bdgleese@nus.edu.sg