1

Example 4
Section resistance with combined N, V, and M

A short cantilever beam is made with a HE240A-
section.

Steel: S235,
f
yd
= f
y
/
M0
= 235/1,0 = 235 MPa
A = 7680 mm
2

A
v
= A 2 b t
f
+ (t
w
+ 2 r)t
f

= 7680 224012 + (7,5 + 221)12 = 2514 mm
2

W
pl,y
= 744 10
3
mm
3

Cross-section class: 1

Resistances with no interaction:
N
t.Rd
= N
pl,Rd
= A f
yd
= 7680 235 10
-3
= 1805 kN
V
c,Rd
= V
pl,Rd
= A
v
f
yd
/ 3 = 2514 235 10
-3
/ 3 = 341 kN
M
c.R
= M
pl,y,Rd
= W
pl,y
f
yd
= 744 A 10
3
A 235 A 10
-6
= 175 kNm

a) Combined N, V, and M; moment resistance is not reduced.

6.2.3
6.2.6
6.2.5

Section forces at A:
N
Ed
= F
1
= 160 kN
V
Ed
= F
2
= 75 kN
M
Ed
= F
2
2 m = 150 kNm

Check if M
c.R
must be reduced due to V and N:
V
Ed
0,5 V
c,Rd
= 0,5 341 kN
75 kN < 171 kN: No reduction due to V

= =
= =

kN 182 10 235 5 , 7 206 5 , 0 f t h 5 , 0
kN 451 1805 25 , 0 N 25 , 0
N
3
yd w w
Rd , pl
Ed

160 kN < 182 kN No reduction due to N
M
c,R
= 175 kNm > M
Ed
= 150 kNm: OK

b) Moment resistance is reduced due to V.


6.2.8(2)


6.2.9(4)


Section forces at A:
N
Ed
= F
1
= 160 kN
V
Ed
= F
2
= 180 kN
M
Ed
= F
2
0,8 m = 144 kNm

2



V
Ed
= 180 kN > 0,5 V
c,Rd
= 156 kN:
A reduced moment resistance is calculated using a reduced yield strength (1 )f
yd

for the shear area.
2
2
Rd , pl
Ed
1
341
180 2
1
V
V 2

\
|

=
|
|

\
|
= = 0,003
f
yd,red
= (1 )f
yd
= (1 0,003)235 = 234 MPa.
The reduction is for the shear area only, but may on the safe side be assumed for
the whole cross-section.
Based on this assumption the reduced moment resistance is:

M
y,V,Rd
= W
pl,y
f
yd,red
= 744 A 10
3
A 234 A 10
-6
= 174 kNm > M
Ed
= 144 kNm : OK

In this case the reduction is insignificant, and it may be even smaller:
Eurocode 3 allows that the reduction for symmetric I-sections slightly on the
unsafe side may be applied to the web area A
w
= h
w
t
w
only, and not to the full
shear area A
v
. This leads to a moment capacity of:
M
y,V,Rd
=
yd
w
2
w
y , pl
f
t 4
A
W
|
|

\
|
=
( )
yd
w
2
w w
y , pl
f
t 4
t h
W
|
|

\
|
=
yd
2
w w
y , pl
f
4
h t
W
|
|

\
|

=
6
2
3
10 235
4
206 5 , 7
003 , 0 10 744

|
|

\
|

= 743,8 235 10
-6
= 175 kNm > 144 kNm : OK

c) Moment resistance is reduced due to N.

6.2.8(3)













6.2.8(5)

Section forces in A:
N
Ed
= F
1
= 300 kN
V
Ed
= F
2
= 140 kN
M
Ed
= F
2
1 m = 140 kNm

V
Ed
=140 kN < 0,5 V
c,Rd
= 0,5 341 = 171 kN: No reduction due to V
N
Ed
= 300 kN > 0,5 h
w
t
w
f
yd
= 182 kN: The moment resistance is reduced
For I- og H-sections, first the axial load ratio n and the area ratio a of web and root
fillet are calculated:
n = N
Ed
/ N
pl,Rd
= 300/1805 = 0,166
a = (A 2 b t
f
)/A = (7680 2 240 12)/ 7680 = 0,25
Then the reduced moment capacity can be calculated:
M
N,y,Rd
= M
pl,y,Rd
a 5 , 0 1
n 1

= 175
25 , 0 5 , 0 1
166 , 0 1

= 175 0,95 = 167 kNm > 140 kNm
OK
6.2.8(2)
6.2.9(4)

6.2.9(5)
3

d) Moment resistance is reduced due to N and V.

Section forces in A:
N
Ed
= F
1
= 300 kN
V
Ed
= F
2
= 180 kN
M
Ed
= F
2
0,8 m = 144 kNm

V
Ed
=180 kN > 0,5 V
c,Rd
= 0,5 341 = 171 kN: Reduction due to V
N
Ed
= 300 kN > 0,5 h
w
t
w
f
yd
=182 kN: Reduction due to N
The reduced yield stress is calculated as in b) above:
2
2
Rd , pl
Ed
1
341
180 2
1
V
V 2

\
|

=
|
|

\
|
= = 0,003
f
yd,red
= (1 )f
yd
= (1 0,003)235 = 234 MPa.
On the safe side this reduction is assumed for the whole section.
The moment resistance and normal force resistance is calculated using this yield
stress:

M
y,V,Rd
= W
pl,y
f
yd,red
= 744 A 10
3
A 234 A 10
-6
= 174 kNm = M
pl,y,Rd

N
pl,V,Rd
= A f
yd,red
= 7680 234 10
-3
= 1797 kN
The axial load ration is now:
n = N
Ed
/ N
pl,Rd
= 300/1797 = 0,167
The area ratio a of web and root does not change:
a = (A 2 b t
f
)/A = (7680 2 240 12)/ 7680 = 0,25
Finally the reduced moment capacity can be calculated:
M
N,y,Rd
= M
pl,y,Rd
a 5 , 0 1
n 1

= 174
25 , 0 5 , 0 1
167 , 0 1

= 166 kNm M
Ed
= 144 kNm OK
As mentioned above this calculation is on the safe side. It is sufficient to use the
reduced yield strength for the shear area A
v
only, see the figure below.










6.2.8(2)
6.2.9(4)

6.2.10(3)