The Book of Siyaam (Fasting)

Collection by Maidul Islam

Virtues of Fasting:

The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said: “Our Lord the Mighty
and Majestic, said: “Fasting is a shield with which a slave (of Allaah)
protects himself from the Fire. It is for Me, and it is I who shall compensate
for it.””

Authenticated by Al-Haithamee (Al-Majma`, 5077), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ul-Jaami`,

4308) and Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 14710).

“Whoever fasts a day in the way of Allaah, Allaah will place between him and
the Fire a trench like that between the heavens and the earth.”

Authenticated by Al-Haithamee (Al-Majma`, 5172) and Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 563).

Aboo Umaamah (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “O Messenger of Allaah! Tell me of a deed by

which I may enter Paradise.” He (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said: “Take to Fasting;
there is nothing like it.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ul-Mawaarid, 769) and Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot

(Saheeh Ibn Hibbaan, 3425).

“Fasting and the Qur’aan intercede for the slave (of Allaah) on the Day of
Resurrection. Fasting will say: ‘O my Lord, I prevented him from food and
desires so accept my intercession for him.’ And the Qur’aan will say: ‘O my
Lord, I prevented him from sleep at night, so accept my intercession for
him.’ So their intercession will be accepted.”

Authenticated by Ahmad Shaakir (Musnad Ahmad, 10/118), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-

Targheeb, 984, 1429; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3882), Al-Waadi`ee (Ash-Shafaa`ah, 248) and
others.

Virtues of Ramadaan and Fasting in it:

“When it is the first night of the month of Ramadaan, the devils are chained.
The gates of the Fire are locked – not a single gate is opened, and the gates of
Paradise are opened – not a single gate is locked, and a caller calls out: ‘O
seeker of good, come forward, and O seeker of evil, withhold.’ And there are
many whom Allaah frees from the Fire – and that is every night.”

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 1532), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-

Muhtaaj, 2/76), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 1883) and others.

Aboo Hurairah (radiyallaahu `anhu) narrated that the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) climbed upon the pulpit (minbar) and said: “Aameen, aameen, aameen.” It
was said: “O Messenger of Allaah, you climbed upon the minbar and said aameen,
aameen, aameen?” He said:
“Indeed, Jibreel came to me and said: ‘Whoever catches the month of
Ramadaan and does not have his sins forgiven and so enters the fire, then
may Allaah distance him.’ So I said: aameen. Then he said: ‘Whoever finds
his parents or one of them and is not kind and dutiful to them, then dies and
enters the Fire, then may Allaah distance him. Say aameen.’ So I said:
aameen.’ Then he said: ‘Whoever does not send Salaah upon you when you
are mentioned, then dies and enters the Fire, then may Allaah distance him.
Say aameen.’ So I said: aameen.”’

Authenticated by Adh-Dhahabee (Al-Muhadhdhab, 4/1682), Al-`Iraaqee (Al-Arba`oon-

ul-`Ishaareeyah, 195), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1679), Al-Waadi`ee (As-
Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 1298) and others.
“In every day and night (in the month of Ramadaan), there are those to
whom Allaah grants freedom from the Fire, and there is for every slave (of
Allaah) a supplication which he can make and will be granted.”

Authenticated by Ahmad Shaakir (Musnad Ahmad, 13/188), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-

Targheeb, 1002; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 2169) and Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad,
7443).

`Amr ibn Murrah Al-Juhanee (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: A man came to the Prophet
(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and said: “O Messenger of Allaah, if I testify that none has
the right to be worshipped except Allaah, observe the five daily prayers, pay the Zakaah
and I fast and stand in Salaah in Ramadaan, then amongst whom shall I be?” He replied:
“Amongst the Prophets and the martyrs.”

Authenticated by Ibn Hajar (Mukhtasar-ul-Bazzaar, 1/70), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh Ibn

Khuzaimah, 2212; Saheeh-ul-Mawaarid, 18; Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 361, 1003) and others.

The Obligation to Fast in Ramadaan:

“Islâm is built upon five: Bearing testimony that none has the right to be
worshipped except Allaah and that Muhammad (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) is the Messenger of Allaah, establishing the Salaah, paying the
Zakaah, performing Hajj to the House (Ka`bah) and fasting in Ramadaan.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (8) and Muslim (16) in their Saheehs.

Ibn Abi Lailaa said: “The Companions of Muhammad (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)
narrated to us that Ramadaan was sent upon them and it was difficult for them. So those
who did not fast fed a poor person for each missed day and this was an allowance for
them. However, this was abrogated by the Verse: “…and if you fast it is better for you”
[2:184] and they were ordered to fast.”

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, Chapter 3) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

Sighting the Moon:

“When Ramadaan comes to you then fast thirty (days) unless you see the
new moon before that.”

Authenticated by At-Tahaawee (Sharh Ma`aaniy-il-Aathaar, 1/437), Al-Albaanee (As-

Saheehah, 1308; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 472) and Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad,
19394).

“Fast when it (the new moon) is seen, and cease fasting when it is seen and
perform the rites of Hajj base upon that and if it is hidden by clouds then
complete thirty (days), and if two reliable Muslim witnesses testify then fast
and cease fasting.”

Authenticated by Ash-Shaukaanee (Nayl-ul-Autaar, 4/261), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa`,

909; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3811), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 18915) and others.

`Abdullaah ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: “The people looked out for the
new moon, so I informed the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) that I had seen it, so
he fasted and ordered the people to fast.”

Authenticated by Ibn Hazm (Al-Muhallaa, 6/236), An-Nawawee (Al-Majmoo`, 6/275),

Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Al-Badr-ul-Muneer, 5/647; Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 2/78), Al-Albaanee
(Al-Irwaa’, 908; At-Ta`leeqaat-ur-Radeeyah, 2/7; Al-Mishkaah, 1920), Al-Waadi`ee (As-
Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 756) and others.

`Ammaar ibn Yaasir (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “Whoever fasts the day about which
there is doubt has disobeyed Abul-Qaasim (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam).”

Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (686), Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/355), Ibn-ul-

Mulaqqin (Al-Badr-ul-Muneer, 5/691; Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 2/88), Ibn Hajar (Taghleeq-
ut-Ta`leeq, 3/140), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 961; Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 1914) and
others.

“Do not precede Ramadaan by fasting a day or two before it, except for a
man fasting his usual fast – then let him fast it.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1914) and Muslim (1082) in their Saheehs.

“When only half of Sha`baan is left, then do not fast.”

Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (738), Ibn `Abdil-Barr (Al-Istidhkaar, 2/253) and Al-

Albaanee (Sunan-ut-Tirmidhee,738).

The Condition of Making the Intention (Niyyah) Before Fajr for Obligatory
Fasts but not for Voluntary Fasts:

“He who does not resolve to fast before it is Fajr, then there is no fast for
him.”

Authenticated by Ibn Khuzaimah (1933), Ibn Hazm (Al-Muhallaa, 6/162), Ad-

Daaraqutnee (2216), Al-Baihaqee (4/202), Al-Khattaabee (Ma`aalim-us-Sunan, 3/332-
333), Al-Haakim (C.f. Sharh-us-Sunnah, 1744; Nasb-ur-Raayah, 2/433), Al-Ishbeelee
(C.f. Khulaasat-ul-Badr, 1095), Ibn-ul-Jawzee (At-Tahqeeq, 1053), An-Nawawee (1727,
1728), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 2/80), Ibn Hajar (2/351), Al-
Azeem`aabaadee (At-Ta`leeq-ul-Mughnee, 2214), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 914;
Hidaayat-ur-Ruwaah, 1928; Saheeh Abee Daawood, 7/213-214), `Abdul-Qaadir Al-
Arnaa’oot (Zaad-ul-Ma`aad, 2/73), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Ibid), Husayn Asad (Musnad-
ud-Daarimee, 1740), Al-Huwainee (Fasl-ul-Khitaab, 19), Az-Zuhairee (Buloogh-ul-
Maraam, 656, 657; Al-`Umdat-ul-Kubraa, 370), Al-Hilaalee (Takhreej-ul-Muharrar, 617;
Sifat-us-Saum, p.30), Al-Halabee (Sifat-us-Saum, p.30) and Anees Taahir (Mukhtasar-
ul-Ahkaam, 3/376-377).
Its isnaad was authenticated by Ibn Katheer. (Tuhfat-ut-Taalib, 306).

It is also narrated as a statement of:

- Ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu `anhumaa). Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Al-Muwatta’, 692)
and Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Aathaar-us-Sahaabah, 2/617).
- Hafsah (radiyallaahu `anhaa). Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Al-Muwatta’, 2/310) and
Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Aathaar-us-Sahaabah, 2/617).

`Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa) said: The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa

sallam) came to me one day and said: “O `Aa’ishah! Do you have any food?” We
said: “No.” He said:
“So I am fasting.” Then he came to us another day and we said: “O Messenger of Allaah!
We have been given Hais (a meal prepared from dates and flour).” So he said: “Let me
see. I had been fasting.” So he ate.

Reported by Muslim (2708) in his Saheeh.

It is similarly narrated from a number of Companions including:
- Aboo Talhah (radiyallaahu `anhu). Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Mukhtasar-ul-
Bukaaree, 1/556), Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, p.31), Al-Halalbee (Ibid) and Zakariyyaa
Al-Baakistaanee (Aathaar-us-Sahaabah, 2/661-662).
- Ibn `Abbas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa). Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Ibid), Al-Hilaalee
(Ibid), Al-Halalbee (Ibid) and Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Ibid, 2/666).
- Ibn Mas`ood (radiyallaahu `anhu). Authenticated by Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Ibid,
2/665).
- Abud-Dardaa’ (radiyallaahu `anhu). Authenticated by Ibn Hajar (Al-Mataalib, 1015),
Al-Albaanee (Mukhtasar-ul-Bukhaaree, 1/556), Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, p.31), Al-
Halalbee (Ibid) and Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Aathaar-us-Sahaabah, 2/665). Al-
Boosayree said: Its narrators are reliable. (Al-Ithaaf, 4/287).
Al-Bukhaaree mentioned it in mu`allaq form designating it with certainty and said: “It
was done by Aboo Talhah, Aboo Hurairah, Ibn `Abbaas and Hudhaifah (radiyallaahu
`anhum).” (Baab idhaa Nawaa bin-Nahaar Sauman).

Aboo `Abdir-Rahmaan As-Sulamee narrated that Hudhaifah (radiyallaahu `anhu)

thought about fasting after the sun had declined (after zawaal) so he fasted.

Authenticated by An-Nawawee (Al-Majmoo`, 6/303), Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, p.31),

Al-Halalbee (Ibid) and Zakariyyaa Al-Baakistaanee (Aathaar-us-Sahaabah, 2/664).

The Time for Beginning and Ending the Fast:

`Adiyy ibn Haatim (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: ‘When (the Verse) “(Eat and drink)
until the white thread appears to you distinct from the black thread” [2:187]
was sent down, I took a black and a white camel tether and placed them beneath my
pillow, and during the night I would look to see but they did not appear any different
from each other, so in the morning I went to the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)
and informed him, so he said: “Rather, it is the blackness of night and the
whiteness of dawn.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1916) and Muslim (1090) in their Saheehs.

“The dawn (fajr) is two: As for the first then it does not make the food
forbidden (to the fasting person), nor does it make the (Fajr) prayer lawful.
As for the second (i.e., true dawn), then it makes the food forbidden and the
prayer lawful.”

Authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/366), Al-Haakim and Adh-Dhahabee

(Al-Mustadrak, 687), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Al-Badr-ul-Muneer, 3/197), Al-Albaanee (As-
Saheehah, 693; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 4278, 4279) and others.

“Eat and drink and do not let the tall vertical brightness deceive you, but eat
and drink until the reddish one (i.e., true dawn) spreads horizontally for
you.”

Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (705), Al-`Iraaqee (Takhreej-ul-Ihyaa’, 2/331), Al-

Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 2031; Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 1930), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot
(Musnad Ahmad, 16334) and others.

“If one of you hears the call (Adhaan) and the drinking vessel is in his hand
then let him not put it down until he has satisfied his need from it.” [And the
Mu’adhdhin used to give the Adhaan when the dawn appeared].

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 729, 740, 1552), and Adh-Dhahabee agreed,

Ibn Hazm (Al-Muhallaa, 6/232), Ibn Taymeeyah (Kitaab-us-Siyaam min Sharh-il-
`Umdah, 1/526), Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 1394; Al-Mishkaah, 1929), Al-Waadi`ee
(As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 1264), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 9468, 10637) and
others.
The additional wording was authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Tamaam-ul-Minnah, 417)
and Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 10638) both of whom said: “Its isnaad is
Saheeh according to the conditions of Muslim.”

Aboo Umaamah Al-Baahilee (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: I heard Allaah’s Messenger

(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) say: “While I was sleeping, two men came to me
and took hold of my arms and brought me to a steep mountain and said:
‘climb.’ I said: ‘I am not able to.’ So they said: ‘We will make it easy for you.’
So I climbed until I came to the summit of the mountain where I heard
terrible cries. I said: ‘What are these cries?’ They said: ‘That is the howling
of the people of the Fire.’ Then they took me further on until I came to a
people who were strung up by their hamstrings, with their jawbones torn
and flowing with blood. I said: ‘Who are these?’ He said: ‘Those who break
their fast before the time at which they may do so.’”

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 1568), Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 3951;

Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1005; 2393) and Al-Waadi`ee (As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 483).

“When the night approaches from here (the east) and the day passes away
from here (the west), and the sun sets, then the fasting person’s fast is (to
be) broken.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1954) and Muslim (1100) in their Saheehs.

Sahl ibn Sa`d (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: ‘Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) said: “My Ummah shall not cease to be upon my Sunnah as long as it
does not delay breaking of the fast till the appearance of the stars.” And when
the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) used to be fasting, he would order a man to
climb upon something and when he said the sun had set, then he would break the fast.’

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 1584), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-

Muhtaaj, 2/86), Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 2081; Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 2061;
Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 4772) and others.

“The Deen (Religion of Islâm) will not cease to be uppermost as long as

people hasten to break the fast, because the Jews and Christians delay it.”

Authenticated by An-Nawawee (Al-Majmoo`, 6/359), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-

Muhtaaj, 2/89), Al-Albaanee (Sunan Abi Daawood, 2353; Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 2060;
Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1075; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 7689; Al-Mishkaah, 1936) and others.

`Amr ibn Maimoon Al-Awdee said: “The Companions of Muhammad (sallallaahu `alaihi
wa sallam) were the earliest of people in beginning the Iftaar and the latest of people in
taking the Sahoor.”

Authenticated by Ibn Hajar (Al-Fath, 4/234). Al-Haithamee said: “Its narrators are those
of the Saheeh.” (Al-Majma`, 4874).

Abud-Dardaa’ (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “Three things are from the manners of the
Prophets: hastening to break the fast, delaying the Sahoor and placing the right hand
upon the left in Salaah.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3038).

The Pre-Dawn Meal (Sahoor):

“The distinction between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the
Book (Jews and Christians) is taking of the pre-dawn meal.”

Reported by Muslim (1096) in his Saheeh.

“Blessing is in three: the Jamaa`ah (congregation), Ath-Thareed (a broth of

bread and meat) and the Suhoor.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1065; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 2882).

“Indeed, Allaah placed blessing in the Suhoor and in the weighing (of
grain).”

Authenticated by Al-Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 1291; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 1735).

`Abdullaah ibn Al-Haarith narrated from a man of the Companions (radiyallaahu

`anhum) that he said: ‘I entered upon the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and he
was taking the Sahoor and he said: “It is a blessing which Allaah has given to you,
so do not leave it.”’

Authenticated by Al-Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 1636).

“The Sahoor is a meal of blessings, so do not leave it, even if one of you just
takes a (gulp) of water, since Allaah sends mercy and His angels seek
forgiveness for those who take the Sahoor.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1070; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3683).

“How excellent are dates as a believer’s Sahoor.”

Authenticated by Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 2/92), Al-Albaanee (As-

Saheehah, 562; Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1072; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 6772; Al-Mishkaah,
1939), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Saheeh Ibn Hibbaan, 3475) and others.
“Take Sahoor even with a gulp of water.”

Authenticated by Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 9/92) and Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-

ut-Targheeb, 1071; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 2944, 2945).

“Whoever wishes to fast then let him take something as Sahoor.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 2309; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 6005) and

Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 14993, 15093).

“Take Sahoor for indeed there is blessing in it.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1923) and Muslim (1095) in their Saheehs.

Actions to be Avoided while Fasting:

“Whoever does not abandon falsehood [and ignorance] in word and action
then Allaah the Mighty and Majestic has no need that he should leave his
abandon his food and drink.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1903, 6057) in his Saheeh. The extra wording was
authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh Ibn Maajah, 1739; Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1079).

“Fasting is not (merely abstaining) from eating and drinking, rather it is

(abstaining) from ignorant and indecent speech, so if anyone abuses you or
behaves ignorantly with you, then say: ‘I am fasting, I am fasting. Do not
abuse while you are fasting.’ And if anyone abuses you then say: “I am
fasting.’ And if you were standing, then sit down.”

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 1570), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-Targheeb,

1082; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 5376; Saheeh-ul-Mawaarid, 741), Al-A`zamee (Saheeh Ibn
Khuzaimah, 1996), Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 11) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).
“It may be that a person fasting will receive nothing from his fasting except
hunger and thirst and it may be that a person standing (in Salaah) will
receive nothing from his standing except staying up late.”

Authenticated by Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 9/94), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-

Targheeb, 1083, 1084; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3488, 3490), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad
Ahmad, 8843) and others.

Actions Permitted while Fasting:

`Aa’ishah and Umm Salamah (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) narrated that “Sometimes the
Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) was in a state of impurity from his wives and Fajr
came upon him, then he would bath and fast.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1925) and Muslim (1109) in their Saheehs.

“Do Wudoo’ properly, make the water reach between the fingers and toes,
and rinse the nose thoroughly, except when you are fasting.”

Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (788), An-Nawawee (Al-Majmoo`, 1/351; Al-Khulaasah,

1/99), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 1/184), Ibn Hajar (Al-Isaabah, 3/329), Al-
Albaanee (Sunan Abi Daawood, 142) and Al-Waadi`ee (As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 1102) and
others.

`Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa) said: ‘Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)

used to kiss and embrace (his wives) while he was fasting and he had more power to
control his desires than any of you.”

Reported by Al-Bukharee (1297) and Muslim (1106) in their Saheehs.

`Abdullaah ibn `Amr ibn Al-Aas said: ‘We were with the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) when a young man came and said: ‘May I kiss while I am fasting?’ He
(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said: “No.” then an old man came and said: ‘May I kiss
while I am fasting?’ He said: “Yes.” We began looking at each other, so Allaah’s
Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said: “The old man is able to control
himself.”’
Authenticated by An-Nawawee (from the narration of Aboo Hurairah and Ataa’ ibn
Yaasir: Al-Majmoo`, 6/354), Ahmad Shaakir (Musnad Ahmad, 11/25, 12/16), Al-
Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 1606; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 1646; Al-Mishkaah, 1947) and others.

`Abdullaah ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “There is no harm for a person to
taste vinegar or anything while he is fasting as long as it does not enter his throat.”

Authenticated by An-Nawawee (Al-Majmoo`, 6/354), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 937) and

others. It was reported by Al-Bukhaaree in Mu`allaq form and he designated it with
certainty.

Aboo Bakr ibn `Abdir-Rahmaan narrated from one of the Companions (radiyallaahu
`anhum) that he said: “Indeed, I saw the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) pouring water over his head while fasting due to the thirst or the heat.”

Authenticated by An-Nawawee (Al-Majmoo`, 6/347), Ibn Hajar (Taghleeq-ut-Ta`leeq,

3/153), Al-Albaanee (Al-Mishkaah, 1953), Al-Waadi`ee (As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 1472)
and others. It was mentioned by Al-Bukhaaree in Mu`allaq form.

Concessions:

“Indeed Allaah loves that His concessions be taken, just as he hates that His
disobedience be committed.” And in another narration: “…just as He loves that His
obligations are carried out.”

Authenticated by Ibn `Abdil-Barr (At-Tamheed, 24/67), An-Nawawee (Al-Khulaasah,

2/729), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 1/478), Ahmad Shaakir (Al-Musnad,
8/135, 127), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 564; Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1059, 1060; Saheeh-ul-
Jaami`, 1885, 1886) Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 5866, 5873;Saheeh Ibn
Hibbaan, 354, 2742) and others.

Aboo Sa`eed Al-Khudree (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “We used to travel with the
Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) in Ramadaan and there would be
among us those who were fasting and those who were not, and those who were not
fasting would not criticize those who would fast and similarly those who fasted would not
criticize those who did not. [And they used to consider that one who had the strength
and fasted – then that was good, and that he who was weak and refrained from fasting –
then that was (also) good.]”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (from Anas: 1947) and Muslim (2613) in their Saheehs.

Abud-Dardaa’ (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “We went forth with the Messenger of Allaah
(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) in Ramadaan in extreme heat and each of us would be
putting his hand on his head because it. And none of us was fasting except the Messenger
of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and `Abdullaah ibn Rawaahah (radiyallaahu
`anhu).”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1945) and Muslim (2625).

Muhammad ibn Ka`b said: I came to Anas ibn Maalik (radiyallaahu `anhu) in
Ramadaan and he had intended to go on a journey. His camel had been made ready and
he was in his travelling clothes, so he called for food to be brought and ate. I said to him:
“(Is this) a Sunnah?” He replied: “(Yes. Its is) a Sunnah.” Then he mounted (his camel).

Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (800), Ibn-ul-`Arabee (Al-`Aaridah, 2/236), Al-

Mardaawee (Kifaayat-ul-Mustaqni`, 869), Al-Albaanee (Tasheeh Hadeeth Iftaar-is-
Saa’im, p.13-28; Saheeh Abee Daawood, 7/174; Tamaam-ul-Minnah, p.400; Al-Irwaa’,
4/64), Al-Waadi`ee (As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 76), `Abdul-Qaadir Al-Arnaa’oot (Zaad-ul-
Ma`aad, 2/56) and Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Ibid).

`Ubayd ibn Jabr said: I was with Aboo Basrah Al-Ghifaaree (radiyallaahu `anhu), the
companion of Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam), in a boat going out
from Al-Fustaat in Ramadaan. We had not yet passed the houses (of the city) when he
called for food to be brought and said: “Come closer.” I said: “Do you not see the
houses?” He replied: “Are you turning away from the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah
(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)?!” So he ate.

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Tasheeh Hadeeth Iftaar-us-Saa’im, p.40; Saheeh Abee

Daawood, 7/173-174; Al-Irwaa’, 928; Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 2040), Husayn Asad
(Musnad-ud-Daarimee, 1754), `Abdul-Qaadir Al-Arnaa’oot (Zaad-ul-Ma`aad, 2/56) and
Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Ibid; Musnad Ahmad, 23849, 27232-27234).
Ibn Hazm used it for evidence (Al-Muhallaa, 6/245) so it is also authentic according to
him.

It is similarly narrated from Dihyah ibn Khaleefah (radiyallaahu `anhu). Authenticated

by Ibn Hajar (Al-Imtaa`, 1/156); Al-Albaanee (Tamaam-ul-Minnah, p.401) and Shu`aib
Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 27231).
Mujaahid narrated from Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) that he recited: “And as
for those who can fast (with difficulty) they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a poor
person (for every day)” [2:184] and said: ‘It is the old man who is unable to fast so he
refrains from fasting and instead feeds a poor person with half a Saa`* of wheat.’

*A Saa` is a measure equal to four times the quantity held by the two outstretched hands
of an average person.

Authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/436) and Ibn Hazm (from `Amr ibn
Deenaar’s narration: Al-Muhallaa, 2/265).
See also: Al-Ijmaa` libn-il-Mundhir (129) and Al-Irwaa’ (4/22-25).

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: ‘Allowance was made for the old man and
the old woman who were able to fast that they could fast if they wished, or instead feed a
poor person for every day and they did not have to make up the days – then that was
abrogated in this Aayah (Verse): “So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the
first night of) the month (of Ramadaan), he must fast that month.” [2:185]
And that was affirmed for the old man and the old woman who were unable to fast, and
the pregnant and the breastfeeding who feared, that they should refrain from fasting and
feed a poor person for each day.’

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Sunan Abi Daawood, 2316, 2317) and others.

Anas ibn Maalik (radiyallaahu `anhu) narrated that “one year he became too weak to fast
so he prepared a large dish of Thareed and invited thirty poor people who came and ate
their fill.”

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 13) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

Anas ibn Maalik Al-Ka`bee (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: ‘A detachment of the cavalry of
Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) raided us, so I went to Allaah’s
Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and found him eating, and he said: “Come
and eat.” So I said: ‘I am fasting.’ He said: “Come, I shall inform you about the
fast – or fasting – indeed, Allaah, the Blessed and Most High, remitted half
the prayer for the traveller, and fasting for the pregnant and breastfeeding.”
By Allaah, the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said both of these together, or one
of them, but how I grieve that I did not eat from the food of the Prophet (sallallaahu
`alaihi wa sallam).’
Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (715), Ibn Hajar (Muwaafaqat-ul-Khubr-il-Khabar,
2/43), Al-Albaanee (Al-Mishkaah, 1967), Al-Waadi`ee (As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 74) and
others.

Breaking the Fast (Iftaar):

Anas (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “The Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) used to
break the fast with fresh dates before praying, and if not with fresh dates then with dried
ones, and if not with dates then with some mouthfuls of water.”

Authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (2/401), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 922; 2840; Saheeh-

ut-Targheeb, 1077; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 4995), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad,
12698) and others.

“Three supplications are answered: that of the fasting person, that of the
one being oppressed and that of the traveller.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 3030).

“There are three whose supplications are not rejected: the fasting person
when he breaks the fast, the just ruler and the supplication of the
oppressed.”

Authenticated by Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Al-Badr-ul-Muneer, 5/152; Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj,

1/561), Ahmad Shaakir (Al-Musnad, 15/189) and Al-Albaanee (Sunan-ut-Tirmidhee,
2526).

“He who gives food for a fasting person to break his fast, will receive the
same reward as him, except that nothing will be reduced from the fasting
person’s reward.”

Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (807), Al-Baghawee (Sharh-us-Sunnah, 3/541), Al-

Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1078; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 6415; Al-Mishkaah, 1933) and
others.
Actions which Nullify the Fast:

“If one of you eats and drinks out of forgetfulness, then let him complete his
fast, for it was indeed Allaah who gave him food and drink.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1933) and Muslim (1155) in their Saheehs.

“Whoever has an attack of vomiting, then no atonement (Qadaa’) is required

of him, but whoever vomits intentionally has to make atonement for it.”

Authenticated by Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Al-Badr-ul-Muneer, 5/659, 661), Al-Albaanee (Al-

Irwaa’, 930; Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 1961; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 6243; Al-Mishkaah, 1948),
Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 10468) and others.

Mu`aadhah said: I asked `Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa): ‘Why is it that the

menstruating woman has to make up her fasts but not the prayers?’ She said: “Are you a
Hurooree (Khaarijee) woman?!” I said: ‘I am not a Hurooree woman but I wish to ask.’
She said: “That (menstruation) used to come upon us so we were ordered [by Allaah’s
Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)] to make up the fasts and were never ordered
to make up the prayers.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (321) and Muslim (335) in their Saheehs.

Aboo Hurairah (radiyallaahu `anhu) narrated that a man came to the Prophet
(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allaah, I am destroyed!’ He
asked: “What has destroyed you?” He said: ‘I had intercourse with my wife in
Ramadaan.’ He asked: “Are you able to free a slave?” He replied: ‘No.’ He asked:
“Are you able to fast two months consecutively?” He replied: ‘No.’ He asked:
“Are you able to feed sixty poor people?” He replied: ‘No.’ He said: “Then sit.” So
he sat down. Then a large basket made of palm leaves containing dates was brought to
the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and he said: “Give this in charity.” He
said: ‘There is no one between the two lava-plains of Madeenah poorer or needier than
us.’ So the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) smiled until his molar teeth became
visible and said: “Take it, [seek Allaah’s forgiveness] and feed it to your family
[and fast a day in its place].”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (6087, 6710, 6164) and Muslim (1111) in their Saheehs.
The first addition was authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/409, 10/54). The
second addition was authenticated by Ash-Shaukaanee (Nayl-ul-Autaar, 4/296), Al-
Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 940), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 6945) and others.
Atonement (Al-Qadaa’):

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: ‘Fast them however you wish. Allaah said: “The
same number (of days which one did not fast must be made up) from other
days [2:185].”’

Authenticated by Ibn `Abdil-Barr (Al-Istidhkaar, 3/228) and Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’,

4/95).

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “There is no harm if he fasts them separately.”

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 16) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

Aboo Hurairah (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “He may fast them together if he wishes.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 4/95).

`Amrah reported that her mother died and some days remained obligatory upon her
from Ramadaan, so she said to `Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa): ‘Shall I fast them on her
behalf?’ She said: “No. Give charity on her behalf of half a Saa` to a poor person for each
day.”

Authenticated by Ibn-ut-Turkamaanee (Al-Jauhar-un-Naqee, 4/257) and Al-Hilaalee

(Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 16) and Al-Halabee (Ibid). See also: Ahkaam-ul-Janaa’iz, #117.

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: “If a man becomes ill in Ramadaan and dies
having refrained from fasting, then food should be given on his behalf and no making up
of the days is due, and if a fast due to a vow was obligatory upon him, then his heir
should fast on his behalf.”

Authenticated by Ibn Hazm (Al-Muhallaa, 7/7), Al-Albaanee (Sunan Abi Daawood, 3401;
Ahkaam-ul-Janaai’z, 117 ff, f.n.) and others.
Sa`d ibn `Ubaadah asked Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam), saying: ‘My
mother has died and had a vow due on her. He said: “Make it up for her.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (6959) and Muslim (1638) in their Saheehs.

Al-Hasan said: “If thirty people fast on his behalf (one who died and had vowed a fast),
each of them a single day then it is allowed.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Mukhtasar-ul-Bukhaaree, 1/570).

Expiation (Al-Kaffaarah):

Aboo Hurairah (radiyallaahu `anhu) narrated that a man came to the Prophet
(sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allaah, I am destroyed!’ He
asked: “What has destroyed you?” He said: ‘I had intercourse with my wife in
Ramadaan.’ He asked: “Are you able to free a slave?” He replied: ‘No.’ He asked:
“Are you able to fast two months consecutively?” He replied: ‘No.’ He asked:
“Are you able to feed sixty poor people?” He replied: ‘No.’ He said: “Then sit.” So
he sat down. Then a large basket made of palm leaves containing dates was brought to
the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) and he said: “Give this in charity.” He
said: ‘There is no one between the two lava-plains of Madeenah poorer or needier than
us.’ So the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) smiled until his molar teeth became
visible and said: “Take it, [seek Allaah’s forgiveness] and feed it to your family
[and fast a day in its place].”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (6087, 6710, 6164) and Muslim (1111) in their Saheehs.
The first addition was authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/409, 10/54). The
second addition was authenticated by Ash-Shaukaanee (Nayl-ul-Autaar, 4/296), Al-
Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 940), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 6945) and others.

Ransom (Al-Fidyah):

Mu`aadh ibn Jabal (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “As regards to the stages of fasting –
Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) came to Al-Madeenah and fasted
three days from every month, and the fast of `Aashooraa’. Then Allaah obligated fasting
and sent down (the Verse): “…Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed
for those before you, that you may attain Taqwaa.” Then Allaah sent down the
other Verse: “The month of Ramadaan in which was revealed the Qur’aan…”
So Allaah obligated fasting upon the healthy resident, and gave leave to the sick and the
traveller, and He obligated feeding [a poor person] upon the old man unable to fast – so
these are the two stages…”

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 3085), and Adh-Dhahabee agreed, Al-

Albaanee (Sunan Abi Daawood, 507) and others.

Mujaahid narrated from Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) that he recited: “And as
for those who can fast (with difficulty) they have (a choice either to fast or)
to feed a poor person (for every day)” and said: ‘It is the old man who is unable to
fast so he refrains from fasting and instead feeds a poor person with half a Saa` of
wheat.’

Authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/436) and Ibn Hazm (from `Amr ibn
Deenaar’s narration: Al-Muhallaa, 2/265). See also: Al-Ijmaa` libn-il-Mundhir (129) and
Al-Irwaa’ (4/22-25).

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: “Allowance was made for the old man and
the old woman who were able to fast that they could fast if they wished, or instead feed a
poor person for every day and they did not have to make up the days – then that was
abrogated in this Aayah (Verse): “So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the
first night of) the month (of Ramadaan), he must fast that month.” And that
was affirmed for the old man and the old woman who were unable to fast, and the
pregnant and the breastfeeding who feared, that they should refrain from fasting and
feed a poor person for each day.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Sunan Abi Daawood, 2316, 2317) and others.

Anas ibn Maalik (radiyallaahu `anhu) narrated that “one year he became too weak to fast
so he prepared a large dish of Thareed and invited thirty poor people who came and ate
their fill.”

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 13) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

Ash-Shaafi`ee narrated from Maalik and he from Naafi` that ‘Ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu
`anhumaa) was asked about a pregnant woman who feared for her child so he said: “She
should refrain from fasting and should feed a Mudd* of wheat to a poor person in place
of every day.”’

*A Mudd is the quantity held by the two outstretched hands of an average person.
(Musnad-ush-Shaafi`ee, 1053; Al-Muwatta, 688).

Ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: “The pregnant woman and the breastfeeding
woman should break the fast and not make up the days.”

Authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (2/435).

Naafai` narrated that ‘the wife of Ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) who was pregnant
asked him so he said: “Refrain from fasting but feed a poor person for every day and do
not make up the fasts.”’

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 18) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

Sa`eed ibn Jubayr narrated that Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhu) said to the mother of
a child of his, who was pregnant or breastfeeding: “You are one of those who are unable,
upon you is recompense and there is no atonement (qadaa’) due upon you.”

Authenticated by Ad-Daaraqutnee (As-Sunan, 2/435).

Lailat-ul-Qadr:

“Whoever stands (in Salaah) on Lailat-ul-Qadr out of Eemaan (Faith) and

seeking reward then his previous sins are forgiven.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (35) and Muslim (760) in their Saheehs.

`Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa) said: “Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa

sallam) used to exert himself (in worship) in the last ten nights more than he would at
other times.”

Reported by Muslim (1174) in his Saheeh.

“Seek out Lailat-ul-Qadr in the last ten odd nights of the month of
Ramadaan.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (2017) and Muslim (1169) in their Saheehs.

“Seek it in the last ten, and if one of you is too weak or unable then let him
not allow that to make him miss the final seven.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree ( ) and Muslim (1169) in their Saheehs.

`Ubaadah ibn As-Saamit (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: The Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) came out intending to tell us about Lailat-ul-Qadr but two men were arguing and
he said: “I came out to tell you about Lailat-ul-Qadr but so and so, and so and
so were arguing, so it was raised up.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (2023, 6049) in his Saheeh.

“On the morning following Lailat-ul-Qadr the sun rises not having any rays,
as if it were a brass dish, until it rises up.”

Reported by Muslim (762) in his Saheeh.

“Lailat-ul-Qadr is calm and pleasant, neither hot nor cold, the sun arises on
its morning being feeble and red.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 2192; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 5475)

and others.

I`tikaaf:

`Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa) said: ‘Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)

used to perform I`tikaaf in the last ten nights (of Ramadaan). So I used to set up a tent
for him and he would pray Fajr and enter it…”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (2033) in his Saheeh.

`Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa) said: “Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa
sallam) used to lean his head to me when he was (making I`tikaaf) in the mosque and I
would comb it [and in a narration: “wash it”] and he would not enter the house except
for needs, when he was making I`tikaaf.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (2029) and Muslim (297) in their Saheehs. See also:
Mukhtasar-ul-Bukhaaree lil-Albaanee (167) and Jaami`-ul-Usool (1/341).

Ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) narrated that when the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi
wa sallam) made I`tikaaf, blankets or a mattress would be placed for him behind the
pillar of repentance.

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 20) and Al-Halabee (Ibid). Ash-

Shaukaanee said: “Its narrators are trustworthy.” (Nayl-ul-Autaar, 4/356).

Taraaweeh Salaah:

“Whoever stands (in Salaah) in Ramadaan out of Eemaan (Faith) and

seeking reward then his previous sins are forgiven.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (37, 2009) and Muslim (759) in their Saheehs.

`Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu `anhaa) narrated that ‘the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu

`alaihi wa sallam) went out in the middle of the night and prayed in the mosque, and the
people prayed behind him, then in the morning the people spoke about it. Then a larger
number gathered (the following night) and he prayed and they prayed behind him. Then
the people spoke about it in the morning. On the third night the mosque was crowded, so
Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) came out and the people prayed
behind him. Then on the fourth night the mosque could not accommodate the number of
people, but he only came out for the Fajr Salaah. The when he finished the Fajr Salaah he
turned to the people, recited the Shahaadah and said:
“Indeed your presence was not hidden from me, but I feared that it would be
made obligatory upon you and that you would not be able to cope with it.” So
the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) passed away and the situation
remained like that.’

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (924, 2012) and Muslim (761) in their Saheehs.

Aboo Salamah ibn `Abdir-Rahmaan narrated that he asked `Aa’ishah (radiyallaahu
`anhaa): “How was the prayer of the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam)
in Ramadaan?” She replied:
“The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) did not use to pray more than
eleven raka`aat, neither in Ramadaan nor in any other month.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (The Book of Taraaweeh Salaah (31), #2013) and Muslim
(1723) in their Saheehs.

Jaabir (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa

sallam) prayed with us eight raka`aat and the Witr in Ramadaan.”

Authenticated by Ibn Khuzaimah (1070), Ibn Hibbaan (2409, 2415), Adh-Dhahabee (Al-
Meezaan, 6561), `Ubaidullaah Al-Mubaarakfooree (Al-Mir`aah, 4/322), Al-Albaanee
(Salaat-ut-Taraaweeh, p.21), At-Ta`leeqaat-ul-Hisaan, 2401, 2406), Husayn Asad (Al-
Mawaarid, 920), Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, p.97), Al-Halabee (Ibid; Al-Kashf-us-
Sareeh, p.28), Mustafaa Al-A`zamee (Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 1070) and Ad-Diyaa’ Al-
A`zamee (Risaalah “Salaat-ut-Taraaweeh”, Majallat-ul-Jaami`at-il-Islaamiyyah, #59).
Its isnaad was also authenticated by Ibn Hajar (Al-Fath, 2/256, D. Salaam ed.).

As-Saa’ib ibn Yazeed (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “`Umar ibn Al-Khattaab ordered Ubayy
ibn Ka`b and Tameem Ad-Daaree (radiyallaahu `anhum) to lead the people in prayer
with eleven raka`aat (in Ramadaan).” And in another narration: “We used to pray eleven
raka`aat during the time of `Umar ibn Al-Khattaab (radiyallaahu `anhu).”

Authenticated by As-Suyootee (Al-Haawee, Kitaab-us-Salaah, Al-Fataawal-

Hadeethiyyah, Al-Masaabeeh fee Salaat-it-Taraaweeh), An-Naymawee (C.f. Tuhfat-ul-
Ahwadhee, 3/611), Al-Mubaarakfooree (Ibid, 3/611-612, 614), `Ubaidullaah Al-
Mubaarakfooree (Mir`aat-ul-Mafaateeh, 4/333), Al-Albaanee (Salaat-ut-Taraaweeh,
p.45, 53; Tamaam-ul-Minnah, p.252; Qiyaam Ramadaan, p.24; Al-Mishkaah, 1254),
`Abdul-Qaadir Al-Arna’oot (Jaami`-ul-Usool, 4223), Al-Halabee (Al-Kashf-us-Sareeh,
p.52), Al-Hilaalee (Al-Muwatta’, 271) and Ad-Diyaa’ Al-A`zamee (Risaalah “Salaat-ut-
Taraaweeh”, Majallat-ul-Jaami`at-il-Islaamiyyah, #59; Al-Minnat-ul-Kubraa, 2/408).

Zakaat-ul-Fitr:

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: “Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa

sallam) obligated Zakaat-ul-Fitr as a purification for the fasting person from loose talk
and indecent speech, and to feed the poor. And whoever gives it before the Salaah then it
is an acceptable Zakaah, and whoever gives it after the Salaah then it is merely a
Sadaqah.”

Authenticated by Al-Haakim (Al-Mustadrak, 1488), and Adh-Dhahabee agreed, Ibn-ul-

Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-Muhtaaj, 2/69), Al-Albaanee (Saheeh-ut-Targheeb, 1085) and
others.

Aboo Sa`eed Al-Khudree (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “We used to take out a Saa` food on
the day of `Eed during the time of Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam).
And our food was barely, raisins, dried surds and dates.”

Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (1510) and Muslim (985) in their Saheehs.

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) said: ‘Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa

sallam) ordered us to give a Saa` of food as the Zakaah of Ramadaan for the young and
the old, the free and the salve. Whoever gave rye – then it was accepted from him and I
think that he said: “He who gives flour it will be accepted from him, and he who gives
(barely) gruel it will be accepted.”’

Authenticated by Al-A`zamee (Saheeh Ibn Khuzaimah, 2415) and Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-

Saum, chapter 22) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhu) used to say: ‘The Sadaqah of Ramadaan is a Saa` of
food. He who brings wheat it will be accepted from him, whoever brings barely it will be
accepted from him, whoever brings dates it will be accepted from him, whoever brings
rye it will be accepted from him and whoever brings raisins it will be accepted from him,
and I think that he said: “Whoever brings (barely) gruel it will be accepted from him.”’

Authenticated by Al-Hilaalee (Sifat-us-Saum, chapter 22) and Al-Halabee (Ibid).

“Give a Saa` of wheat or wheat grain for two people, or a Saa` of dates, or a
Saa` of barely for every free person and slave, and young and old.”

Authenticated by Az-Zayla`ee (Nasb-ur-Raayah, 2/407), Al-Albaanee (Sunan Abi

Daawood, 1620) and others.
“Weighing is according to the weights of the people of Makkah, and
measures are according to the measure of the people of Madeenah.”

Authenticated by Ibn Hazm (Al-Muhallaa, 11/353), Ibn-ul-Mulaqqin (Tuhfat-ul-

Muhtaaj, 2/58), Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’ 1342; As-Saheehah, 165; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`,
7150), Al-Waadi`ee (As-Saheeh-ul-Musnad, 782), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Saheeh Ibn
Hibbaan, 3283) and others.

Ibn `Umar (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “Allaah’s Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa

sallam) ordered Sadaqat-ul-Fitr on behalf of the young and the old, and the free and the
slave – whom you provide for.”

Authenticated by Al-Albaanee (Al-Irwaa’, 835, 839) and others.