RF

CONTROL ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

BY using this project we can control 1 !i""erent electrical appliances at a ti#e$ In this project we use one rea!% #a!e #o!ule to control the wor&ing o" the this project$ In this project with the help o" 1 !i""erent switches we can control 1 !i""erent electrical point at a ti#e$ 'hen we press a special nu#(er "ro# the re#ote then re#ote trans"er a !igital co!e in the air$ This !igital co!e is recei)e! (% the r" recei)ing #o!ule an! then we get the !i""erent !ata "ro# the r" #o!ule$ At the output point o" the r" #o!ule we use 1 "lip "lop circuit to control the electrical appliances$

*ere we use IC + 1, as a #ain "lip "lop$ IC + 1, is !ual t%pe "lip "lop circuit

In this circuit pin no$ , an! pin no$ 11 is the cloc& input pulse "or the circuit$ Pin no$ 1 an! 1, is "or output control$ 'e connect pin no - with !ata pin no$ no$ . an! pin no$ 1- with the !ata pin no$ /$ 'hen we pro)i!e a cloc& pulse to the circuit then on e)er% cloc& pulse !ata a)aila(le on the !ata line is trans"er to the output pin$ So we want to control 1 electrical appliances 0 so we re1uire a #ini#u# . IC "or this circuit$ *ere "ro# the pin no$ 1, an! pin no$ 1 is connecte! to the (ase o" the npn transistor$ *ere e#itter point o" the npn transistor is connecte! to the negati)e suppl% an! collector point o" the npn transistor is connecte! to the rela% coil$ 'hen the "lip "lop is on an! !ata is trans"er on the pin no$ 1 an! pin no$ 1, then npn transistor is on through L$E$2$ an! then rela% is on an! "urther rela% control the electrical switch as per the re1uire#ent$

THE RELAY

Rela% is a #ain part o" this project$ A rela% is an electro#agnetic switch$ In other wor!s it is acti)ate! when a current is applie! to it$ Nor#all% a rela% is use! in a circuit as a t%pe o" switch 3as %ou will see (elow4$ There are !i""erent t%pes o" rela%s an! the% operate at !i""erent )oltages$ 'hen %ou (uil! %our circuit %ou nee! to consi!er the )oltage that will trigger it$

RELAY SYMBOLS

The #ain part o" a rela% is the coil at the centre$ A s#all current "lowing through the coil in the rela% creates a #agnetic "iel! that pulls one switch contact against or awa% "ro# another$ Putting it si#pl%0 when current is applie! to the contacts at one si!e o" the rela% the coil allows the contacts at the other si!e to wor&$ 5suall% rela%s are use! to turn on a secon! circuit$ The "irst circuit acti)ates the rela% which then 6turns on7 the secon! circuit$

PO'ER S5PPLY PART89

In T*IS PRO:ECT 'E 5SE ONE STEP 2O'N

TRANS;OR<ER 'IT* ;5LL 'A=E RECTI;ER CIRC5IT TO CONTROL T*E PRO:ECT$ In this project we re1uire a two !i""erent )oltages "ro# the circuit$ One is . )olt !c$ This . )olt !c is "or the "# recei)er #o!ule an! "or IC + 1, circuit$ Separate / )olt !c power suppl% "or the rela% coil$ *ere we use / )olt rela% coil "or the switch operation$

POWER SUPPLY FOR DIGITAL CIRCUITS Summary of circuit features

Brief descri tio! of o eratio! : Gives out well regulated +9V output, output current capability of 100 mA. Circuit rotectio!: uilt!in over"eating protection s"uts down output w"en regulator #$ gets too "ot. Circuit com "e#ity: %imple and easy to build. Circuit operation. A$ai"a%i"ity of com o!e!ts: &asy to get, uses only common basic components. Desi&! testi!&: pro(ects. ased on datas"eet e'ample circuit, # "ave used t"is circuit successfully as part of ot"er electronics erforma!ce: %table +9V output voltage, reliable

"icatio!s: )art of electronics devices, small laboratory "y $o"ta&e( *nregulated +$ ,!1,V power supply. "y curre!t( -eeded output current 1A.

power supply. Po'er su Po'er su

Com o!e!ts cost: .ew rupees for t"e electronic components plus t"e cost of input transformer.

DESCRIPTION OF POWER SUPPLY /"is circuit is a small +0volts power supply, w"ic" is useful w"en e'perimenting wit" digital electronics. %mall ine'pensive wall transformers wit" variable output voltage are available from any electronics s"op. /"ose transformers are easily available, but usually t"eir voltage regulation is very poor, w"ic" ma1es t"em not very usable for digital circuit e'perimenter unless a better regulation can be ac"ieved in some way. /"e following circuit is t"e answer to t"e problem. /"is circuit can give +0 output at about 1A current. /"e circuit "as

overload and terminal protection.

#- 2003

>? . )
,

+14V
2300 uf 1000 uf

Circuit dia&ram of o'er su

"y

/"e above circuit utili5es t"e voltage regulator #$ 3,00 for t"e constant power supply. /"e capacitors must "ave enoug" "ig" voltage rating to safely "andle t"e input voltage feed to circuit. /"e circuit is very easy to build for e'ample into a piece of Vero board.

Pi! dia&ram of -./0 re&u"ator IC

)#- 1 : *nregulated voltage input )#- 4 : Ground )#- 6 : 7egulated voltage output

Com o!e!t "ist

1. 3,14 regulator #$. 4. 2300 uf electrolytic capacitor, at least 40V voltage rating. 6. 1000 uf electrolytic capacitor, at least 40V voltage rating.

*O' TRANSISTOR 'OR@S$

In this project we inter"ace the rela% with the ic + 1, an! in (etween we use npn transistor as a inter"ace co#ponents an! with the help o" the npn transistor we control the rela%$ E#itter o" the npn transistor is connecte! to the negati)e )oltage an! collector point is connecte! to the rela% coil through the positi)e )oltage$