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Equal inheritance

A law each day (KEEPS TROUBLE AWAY) By Jose C. Sison The Phili ine S!a" #$%#&%'##(

When an )n*a""ied e"son dies in!es!a!e (wi!ho)! a will) and is s)"+i+ed ,y !wo child"en ,o"n o- di--e"en! *o!he"s. how will his "o e"!ies ,e di+ided/ This is !he case o- 0enancio. 0enancio died in!es!a!e on A)1)s! 2'. 234$. A! !he !i*e o- his dea!h he owned a a"cel o- land wi!h an a"ea o- 5.5&$5 hec!a"es loca!ed in 6indo"o which he o,!ained )nde" a -"ee a!en! and co+e"ed ,y O"i1inal Ce"!i-ica!e o- Ti!le 7o. $#24. 8e died sin1le ,)! was s)"+i+ed ,y a son Pe e whose *o!he" was E*ilia. and da)1h!e" Lina whose *o!he" was J)ana. 9i+e yea"s la!e" o" on 6ay '(. 234&. his sis!e" :elia was a,le !o sell !he a"cel o- land. :elia sec)"ed le!!e"s o- 1)a"dianshi o+e" Pe e and o,!ained a)!ho"i!y o- !he 1)a"dianshi co)"! !o sell !he sa*e. Then she e;ec)!ed a :eed o- A,sol)!e Sale in -a+o" o- Se"a io -o" and in conside"a!ion o- P5<#. Se"a io !he"ea-!e" decla"ed !he "o e"!y -o" !a;a!ion )" oses in his na*e ,)! he -ailed !o "e1is!e" !he deed in !he Re1is!e" o- :eeds and conse=)en!ly also -ailed !o sec)"e a To""ens Ti!le o+e" !he sa*e. On Oc!o,e" 2'. 23($. when Pe e>s 1)a"dianshi was al"eady !e"*ina!ed as he was al"eady o- a1e. Pe e -iled a co* lain! a1ains! Se"a io !o co* el !he la!!e" !o "esell !he "o e"!y !o hi* -o" !he sa*e a*o)n! oP5<#. B)! !he co)"! dis*issed !he co* lain! ,eca)se Pe e>s "i1h! !o "e )"chase !he sa*e )nde" Co**onweal!h Ac! 242 had lon1 e; i"ed. Pe e did no! a eal !he decision any*o"e. Twen!y?-o)" yea"s la!e" o" on 6a"ch $. 23&5. i! was Lina who -iled a co* lain! in Co)"! a1ains! 6ila. !he wi-e o- Se"a io who had died ,y !ha! !i*e. Lina as@ed !he co)"! !o o"de" 6ila !o "e?con+ey ossession o- one halo- !he "o e"!y !o he" as she was a co?owne" !he"eo-. She !old !he co)"! !ha! she only lea"ned !ha! she was a co?owne" o- !he "o e"!y one yea" ,e-o"e. Co)ld Lina "eco+e" one?hal- o- !he "o e"!y/ Yes. A! !he !i*e o- 0enancio>s dea!h. !he 7ew Ci+il Code was no! ye! in e--ec!. so !he Old Ci+il Code sho)ld ,e a lied. Unde" A"!icle 3$3 o- !he Old Ci+il Code. in !he a,sence o- le1i!i*a!e descendan!s o" ascendan!s. !he na!)"al child"en le1ally ac@nowled1edA shall s)cceed !o !he en!i"e es!a!e o- !he deceased. A"!icle 3$' o!he sa*e code "o+ides !ha! !he child"en o- !he deceased shall always inhe"i! -"o* hi* in !hei" own "i1h!. di+idin1 !he inhe"i!ance in e=)al sha"es. When 0enancio died on A)1)s! 2'. 234$. he was s)"+i+ed ,y his da)1h!e" Lina. his son Pe e and !hei" "es ec!i+e *o!he"s. J)ana and E*ilia. Con-o"*a,ly !o A"!icle 3$3 only Lina and Pe e inhe"i!ed !he "o e"!y in e=)al sha"es. !o !he e;cl)sion o- J)ana and E*ilia nei!he" o!he* was !he law-)l wi-e o- 0enancio. Conse=)en!ly when Pe e. !h"o)1h his 1)a"dian :elia e;ec)!ed !he :eed o- Sale on 6ay '(. 234& in -a+o" o- Se"a io. !he la!!e" did no! ac=)i"e !i!le !o !he en!i"e "o e"!y ,)! only !o !he one hal- )ndi+ided o"!ion !he"eo- which Pe e inhe"i!ed -"o* 0enancio. Se"a io co)ld no! ha+e )"chased and ac=)i"ed !he o!he" halo- !he "o e"!y -"o* Pe e !h"o)1h his 1)a"dian ,eca)se !he la!!e" was no! !he owne" !he"eo- (Balilo-Montero vs. Septimo. G.R. 149751. March 11, 2005 .

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