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Experiment no.

02
Network Configuration and Ethernet Cable Construction
Objective
To become familiar with network device configurations. To become familiar with construction of Ethernet Cables.

Setup a Wireless access point using default gateway

We studied the network layout of a physical system in the first experiment. In todays experiment, we are going to look into the detail of the network connections and the configuration of the network devices using the following procedure: Wireless Access Point (WAP) o It is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi or other standards Using a wireless functionality out of a WiFi router and reusing it as an access point through the default gateway.

Step 1:

Finding the IP address of the existing gateway/ router

You need to find the internal IP address of your existing modem/gateway/router that connects your Local Area Network (LAN) to the internet. Using Windows, find the IP address as follows: a. Go to Start. b. Type Run. c. Type cmd. d. Type ipconfig.

You will get an output displayed below:

The IP address shown in the above dialog box is the computers IP, whereas the Default Gateway is the main existing router that provides your internet connection.

Step 2:

Finding the Routers DHCP range

By default, all LAN clients are usually set to obtain their IPs automatically in such a way that router acts as DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server and serves IPs dynamically. You need to find the range of the IPs used for DHCP so that you can use the IP outside that range for creating access point. Follow following steps to find your IP range: a. Login to your gateways admin interface by typing its IP address found in step 1.

Step 3:

Connecting a Computer to Access Point

After finding the range of IPs, you need to connect a computer to your Wireless router or Access Point (AP) using the LAN port and follow these steps: a. Set your client machine to obtain IP address automatically. b. Connect it to a LAN port using a CAT5 network cable. c. Reboot using the command prompt ( ipconfig /renew) or using the hard reboot option. Log into the admin page of the access point (AP) by simply typing the IP address of the router in your browsers address bar. Step 4: Configuring the Access Point (AP)

Once you are logged into your Admin Panel of the access point (AP), you need to follow following steps to configure it: a. Change the internal / LAN IP address to an unused address in the same range/ subnet. b. Disable the DHCP server on your new AP so that there is only one DHCP server which in this case is 192.168.1.1.

Step 5:

Connect the AP to LAN

After configuring the devices, connect the wireless access point to the network. Use the LAN port on new wireless router and connect it to one of the ports of the gateway device using a Cat5 network cable. DONT USE THE INTERNET/ WAN PORT. Connect your client computer to another LAN port of the gateway/ router and reboot. Step 6: Test the admin page.

Now that the new AP is connected to your network, with a correct IP address of the same range, we can test whether it is accessible or not and then we can secure the wireless connection. As we had configured the wireless AP to use 192.168.1.2, its administration interface should be reachable using this IP address. Once connected, you can change the security features of the network and secure it.

Step 7:

Test the AP wireless connection.

Start a computer having a wireless connectivity feature and make sure it properly connects to the network. It should be able to pull the IP automatically from the existing gateway/ router.

Exercise:
Perform all the above steps as a procedure to configure a physical data communication network .

Ethernet cable Construction

Equipment required (for each person)

2m Cat 5 Network Cable 1 x Wire Crimper 1 x Wire Stripper 6 x RJ45 heads

Category 5 cable (CAT5) is a twisted pair cable used for carrying signals. CAT 5 finds its use mostly in structured cabling in computer networks such as Ethernet. It provides up to 100MHz performance and is suitable for different Fast Ethernet (100Mbps) Standards. CAT5 can also be used to carry other signals like telephone and video. There are two methods set by the Telecommunication Industry Association (TIA), 568A and 568B depending upon the type of connection and interface of the devices. Color Combinations for 568A and 568B are given below:

Two different constructions are used according to their connection types: 1. Straight-Through cables 2. Crossover cables. Procedure for Straight-Through Cable Construction: Straight-through cable construction is used whenever two different layer devices such as a hub and a PC, are being connected using the 568B color codes. Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Determine the distance between devices and devices or plug. Standard lengths are 6ft and 10ft. Cut a piece of CAT 5 cable from the roll according to the desired length. Strip 2 inches of jacket off from one end of the cable using the wirestripping tool. Hold the 4 pairs of twisted cable tightly where jacket was cut away and reorganize the cable pairs according to 568B standard as shown above. Take care to maintain as much twists as possible since this provides noise cancellation. Flatten, straighten and line-up the wires and trim them slightly from the edge. Place an RJ-45 connector plug on the end of the cable with the prong on the bottom side and color combination arranged from left to right.

Step 5: Step 6:

Step 7:

Gently push the plug onto wires until the copper ends of the wires can be seen through the end of the plug. Make sure the end of the jacket is inside the plug. If everything is correct, crimp the plug hard enough to force the contacts through the insulation on the wires, completing the conducting path.

Step 8: Step 9:

Repeat the steps 3-7 using the same scheme at the other end of the cable. Finally after crimping, test the cable using the cable connection testers.

Procedure for Crossover Cable Construction: Crossover cable construction is used whenever two like devices are being connected using the 568A color code at one end and 568B at the other end. Same steps are followed as in the construction of straight-through cable whereas in this case one of the ends is crimped using 568A color code and the other end by following 568B color combination.

Exercise:
Each student has to make set of both straight through and cross over LAN cables and get it checked using cable tester.

LAB Report Name:

Data Communication & Networks Roll # Section:

Lab # ______ Date: ______

<LAB TITLE>
<Lab Objective> Write the main objective and purpose of the lab.

<Equipment Used> Briefly mention the major equipment being used

<Topics Covered> Mention the topics being covered in the lab

<Tasks Accomplished> Briefly describe the tasks being performed in the lab. Write in small steps. Mention your observations and any numerical data if any. Record your results and deductions.

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