Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.

com 1
MATHS
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONMMET
Time : 1
1
/
2
Hours ASSIGNMENT SOLUTION [Max. Marks : 50]

SECTION - A
1. Prove that:
cos
-1
(-x) = -cos
-1
x.
Sol. Let cos
-1
(-x) = ...(3)
-x = cosx = -cos
x = cos( - )
- = cos
-1
x
= - cos
-1
x (4)
Hence, from eqns. (3) and (4), we get
cos
-1
(-x) = - cos
-1
x. [1 MARK]
2. Find the principle values of: cosec
-1
(2)
Sol: The principle value branch of cosec
1
x

is
2 2
,
(

(

- {0}.
Let cosec
-1
(2) = , where 0
2 2
,

< <
cosec = 2 = cosec
6

= ......
2 6 2
(
< <
(


the principle value of cosec
-1
(2) is
6

. [1 MARK]
3. Prove that
tan ( )
1
x

= tan
1
x

, x R
Sol: Let tan ( )
1
x

= y
Then tan y = x , where
x R and 2 2 / y / < <
tan y = x tan(- y ) = tan y = x ,
i.e., tan ( y ) = x , x R and 2 2 / y / < <
y = tan
1
x

y = tan
1
x

tan ( )
1
x

= tan
1
x

. [1 MARK]
4. cos
1 1
3 5 33
sin sin
5 13 65

| | | | | |
+ =
| | |
\ \
\



Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.com 2
Sol.: L.H.S. = cos
1 1
3 5
sin sin
5 13

| | | | | |
+
| | |
\ \
\

= cos
1 1 1 1
3 5 3 5
sin cos sin sin sin sin sin
5 13 5 13

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | |
\ \ \ \
\ \ \ \

=
2 2
3 5 3 5
1 1
5 13 5 13
| | | |

| |
\ \
=
33
65
. [1 MARK]
5. Find the value of cos
1
3
tan
4

| |
|
\

Sol.:
1
3
tan
4

=
3
tan
4
= [1 MARK]
6. Find the principal values of tan
1
( 1)
Sol.: Let, tan
1
(1) =
tan = 1

Q1 is negative, hence the principal value is in the interval , 0
2
| |

|
\

Q tan 1
2
| |
=
|
\

tan
1
(1) =
4

4
cos
5
=
[1 MARK]
7. Find the principle values of: tan
-1

( )
3
Sol: The principle value branch of tan
-1
x is
2 2
,
| |

|
\

Let tan
-1
( )
3 = , where
2 2

< <
tan = 3 = -tan
3

tan = tan
3
| |

|
\
......[ tan (- ) = -tan ]
=
3

.....
2 3 2
(
< <
(


the principle value of tan-
-1
( )
3 is
3

[1 MARK]
8. Sin ( )
1 1
1 1 x sin x, x

= < <


Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.com 3
Sol: Let sin ( )
1
x

= y
Then sin y = x ,
Where 1 1 x < < and 2 2 / y / < <
-sin y = x

sin (- y ) = sin y = x , i.e., sin (- y ) = x
Where 1 1 x < < and 2 2 / y / < < .
y = sin
1
x

sin ( )
1
x

= sin
1
x

. [1 MARK]

SECTION B
9. sin
1
3
2cos
5

| | | |

| |
\
\
, find the value
Sol.: sin
1
3
2cos
5

| | | |

| |
\
\
= sin (2 ), where = cos
1

3
5
| |

|
\

= 2 sin cos [1 MARK]
= 2 sin
1
3
cos
5

| | | |

| |
\
\
cos
1
3
cos
5

| | | |

| |
\
\
[1 MARK]
=
2
3 3
2 1
5 5
| | | |

| |
\ \
(Q sin (cos
1
x) =
2
1 x for |x| 1) [1 MARK]
= 2
4 3 24
5 5 25
| || |
=
| |
\ \
. [1 MARK]

10. If sin
-1
2
2a
1 a
| |
|
+ \
+ sin
-1
2
2b
1 b
| |
|
+ \
= 2 tan
-1
x:, then x =........
Sol.: We Know that sin
1

2
2
1
x
x +
= 2 tan
1
x

1 1 1
2 2
2 2
sin sin 2tan
1 1
a b
x
a b

| | | |
+ =
| |
+ +
\ \
[1 MARK]
2tan
1
a + 2 tan
1
b = 2 tan
1
x [1 MARK]
tan
1
a + tan
1
b = tan
1
x [1 MARK]
tan
1

1
a b
ab
+

= tan
1
x

1
a b
x
ab
+
=

[1 MARK]


Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.com 4
11. Prove that: sin
-1
3
5
+ tan
-1
3
5
= tan
-1

27
11
.
Sol. Q sin
-1
x = tan
-1

2
x
1 x


sin
-1

| |
= = |
|
\
1 1
3 3 9 3
tan 1 tan
5 5 25 4

[1 MARK]
L.H.S. =sin
-1
3
5
+ tan
-1
3
5

= tan
-1
3
4
+ tan
-1
3
5

[1 MARK]
=

| |
+
|
|
|

|
\
1
3 3
4 5
tan
3 3
1 .
4 5
=

| |
|
|
|
|
\
1
27
20
tan
11
20
[1 MARK]
=

| |
|
\
1
27
tan
11
= R.H.S. Proved. [1 MARK]
12. If sin
-1
+
2
2a
1 a
-cos
-1

+
2
2
1 b
1 b
= tan
-1

2
2x
1 x
, the prove that: x =
1
a b
ab

+
.
Sol. If sin
-1
2
2
1
a
a +
- cos
-1
2
2
1
1
b
b

+
= tan
-1
2
2
1
x
x
...(1) [1 MARK]
Let a = tan , b = tan , x = tan Putting these values in eqn. (1),
sin
-1
2
2tan
1 tan

| |
|
+
\
- cos
-1
2
2
1 tan
1 tan

| |
|
+
\
= tan
-1
2
2tan
1 tan

| |
|

\

[1 MARK]
sin
1
(sin 2) cos
1
(cos 2) = tan
1
(tan 2)
2 2 = 2
= [1 MARK]
tan
-1
a - tan
-1
6 = tan
-1
x
tan
-1
| |
|
+
\
a b
1 ab
=tan
-1
x
x =
1
a b
ab

+
[1 MARK]
13. If a > b > c > 0, prove that cot
1

1 ab
a b
+ | |
|

\
+ cot
1 1 bc
b c
+ | |
|

\
+ cot
1

1 ca
c a
+ | |
|

\
= .
Sol.: L.H.S.= cot
1

1 ab
a b
+ | |
|

\
+ cot
1

1 bc
b c
+ | |
|

\
+ cot
1

1 ca
c a
+ | |
|

\
[1 MARK]


Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.com 5
= tan
1

1
a b
ab
| |
|
+
\
+ tan
1

1
b c
bc
| |
|
+
\
+ cot
1

1 ca
a c
+ | |
|

\
, note that c a < 0 [1 MARK]
(Q cot
1
x = tan
1

1
x
for x > 0 and cot
1
(x) = cot
1
x, x R)
= tan
1
a - tan
1
b + tan
1
b - tan
1
c + {tan
1
a tan
1
c} [1 MARK]
(Q tan
1

1
x y
xy
| |
|
+
\
= tan
1
x tan
1
y for xy > 1)
= = R.H.S. [1 MARK]
14. Write tan
1

2 3
2 2
3
( 3 )
a x x
a a x
(
(

in simplest form.
Sol.: The given trigonometric inverse function is tan
1

2 3
2 2
3
( 3 )
a x x
a a x
(
(

Suppose, x = a tan = tan
1

x
a

tan
1

2 3
2 2
3
( 3 )
a x x
a a x
(
(

= tan
1

2 3 3
2 2 2
3 . tan tan
( 3 tan )
a a a
a a a

(
(

[1 MARK]
=
3 3
1
3 2
(3tan tan )
tan
(1 3tan )
a
a

(
(

[1 MARK]
=
3
1
2
3tan tan
tan
1 3tan

(
(

[1 MARK]
= tan
1
(tan 3) = 3 = 3 tan
1

x
a
. [1 MARK]

SECTION C


15. Prove that: 2 tan
-1
1
5
+ tan
-1
1
7
+ 2tan
-1
1
=
8 4

Ans. L.H.S = tan
-1
( | |
( |
\
(
(

(

1
2
5
1
1
25
+ tan
-1
1
7
+ tan
-1
( | |
( |
\
(
(

(

1
2
8
1
1
64

[1 MARK]
= tan
-1
| |
|
\
2 25
.
5 24
+ tan
-1
1
7
+ tan
-1
| |
|
\
1 64
.
4 63



Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.com 6
= tan
-1
(5/12) + tan
-1
(1/7) + tan
-1
(16/63) [1 MARK]
=

| |
+
|
| |
+
|
|
\
|

|
\
1 1
5 1
16
12 7
tan tan
5 1
63
1 .
12 7
[1 MARK]
= tan
-1

+ | |
|

\
35 12
84 5
+ tan
-1
| |
|
\
16
63

= tan
-1
47
79
+ tan
-1
1 + tan
-1
16
63
- tan
-1
1 [1 MARK]
=
1 1
16
1
47
63
tan tan
16
79 4
1 (1)
63

| |

|
+ +
|
|
+
|
\

=
1 1
47 47 63
tan tan
79 4 63 79

| |
+ +
|
\
[1 MARK]
=
1 1
47 47
tan tan
79 4 79

+ [Q tan
-1
(-x) = -tan
-1
(x)]
=
4

= R.H.S. [1 MARK]
16. Prove that tan
1

2 2
1 2
2 2
1 1 1
cos ( )
4 2
1 1
x x
x
x x

| |
+ +
| = +
|
+
\
.
Sol.: Let x
2
= cos 2 so that 0 2
2

, i.e., 0
4

. [1 MARK]
Now,
2 2
1 1 cos 2 2cos x + = + = = 2 sin . [1 MARK]
and
2 2
1 1 cos 2 2sin x = = = 2 sin . [1 MARK]
Hence, tan
1

2 2
2 2
1 1
1 1
x x
x x
| |
+
|
|
+
\
= tan
1

2 cos 2 sin
2 cos 2 sin


| |
+
|
|

\
[1 MARK]
= tan
1

2 cos 2 sin
2 cos
2 cos 2 sin
2 cos

= tan
1

1 tan
1 tan

+ | |
|

\
[1 MARK]
= tan
-1

1 2
1
tan cos ( )
4 4 4 2
x



( | |
+ = + = +
( |
\

[1 MARK]
[Qcos 2 = x
2
2 = cos
1
(x)
2
= 1/2 cos
1
(x)
2
]
17. If a + b + c = 2s. Then show that:


Ideal 21st Century Competitions www.21stideal.com 7

1 1 1
tan tan tan
as bs cs
bc ca ab

+ +
= .
Sol.: L.H.S. = tan
1

as
bc
+ tan
1

bs
ca
+ tan
1

cs
ab

=
1 1
tan tan
1 .
as bs
cs
bc ac
ab as bs
bc ac

(
+
(
(
+
(

(

[1 MARK]
=
1 1
tan tan
1
s a b
c b a
cs
s
ab
c

(
| |
+ ( |
|
(
\
+
(
(
(

[1 MARK]
= tan
1

1
( )
tan
.( )
s a b c cs
ab abc c s

(
+
+
(
(

[1 MARK]
= tan
1

( )
( )
sc s c
ab c s

+ tan
1

cs
ab
[Qa + b + c = 2s] [1 MARK]
= tan
1

cs
ab
| |
|
|
\
+ tan
1

sc
ab
| |
|
|
\
[1 MARK]
= tan
1
0 = , [sum of three positive angles 0] [1 MARK]