12/18/2009

Principles of Strategic Health Planning

Dr Aderonke Manuwa-Olumide
WACP/CM Update Course on Leadership & Management, December 14th-18th,2009

Strategic Health Planning in Nigeria (1)

The Ten Year Plan for Development and Welfare 1946-56 The First National Devt. Plan 1962-68 The Second National Devt. Plan 1970-74 The Third National Devt. Plan 1975-80 The Fourth National Devt. Plan 1981-85 The Fifth National Devt. Plan 1987-91 (The National Health Policy)
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide

1988
1

12/18/2009

Strategic Health Planning in Nigeria (2)

The Rolling Plans 1990-92 1992-94 1994-96 (The Maiden Health Summit) 1995 The National Health Plan 1996-2005 (The Revised Nat. Health Policy) 1996 (The National Vision 2010 Report) 2000 The Health Sector Reform Plan 2000-2005 ?200612/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 2

Planning
Planning process by which we select goals & objectives and determine how best to achieve them. Involves taking decisions on what needs to be done in future to attain objectives in view of past and prevailing circumstances. Most basic of management functions; precedes others.

Planning and evaluation the Siamese Twins of Management

12/18/2009

Modern Health Planning

A systematic decision making process of setting objectives and taking decisions on How, When and Where to deploy resources in order to achieve the objectives. Makes desired health situation more certain by not leaving it to chance. Reduces effect of uncertainty. Reduces waste. Increases cost-effectiveness and cost-efficiency. Galvanises purposeful action Facilitates control, monitoring and evaluation
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 5

Classification of Health Plans

Flexibility Duration Nature and Scope
Flexibility Fixed Rolling Duration Long-term, Perspective Medium-term Short-term, Operational
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 6

12/18/2009

Classification of Health Plans

Nature and Scope Strategic, Corporate, Comprehensive Operational, Tactical, Functional A heirarchical relationship
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide

(2)

Strategic (Comprehensive, Corporate) Health Plans

Broad overview over an extended period Long range Set priorities for general health development Q1. Where are we now? Q2. Where do we want to be? Q3. How do we get there? Q4. When do we get there?
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 8

12/18/2009

Strategic Health Plans

Provide united general direction for national health development framework for further planning

For effectiveness,
must be followed by tactical & operational plans with very detailed & timed targets, tactics, activities, tasks, procedures, ie the nuts & bolts Tactics actions by which strategies are executed
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 9

A Heirarchy of Plans
The strategic planning process starts with a review of the formal mission which defines the basic purpose of the organization. The mission is the basis for formulating the strategic plan. Strategic plans shape the tactical (divisional) plans which also shape the operations (department) level plans. Planning at each level supports the plans at the other levels forming a heirarchy of plans each with its own objectives.
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 101

12/18/2009

A Hierarchy of Plans & Objectives(1)

Planning Level Strategic Subject Matter Broad Goals Policies Strategies Outcomes Examples of Goals/Objectives To increase the well-being of the rural population within 20 years through PHC To reduce the health problems of the rural population To reduce mortality & morbidity of the rural poor To reduce maternal & infant deaths in the rural poor by 50% in 10 years thro` the promotion of the health of mothers and children < 5 years
11

12/18/2009

copyright : aolumide

A Hierarchy of Plans & Objectives(2)

Planning Level Tactical Subject Matter Resource outputs Examples of Goals/Objectives To increase the proportion of midwives trained in the Schools of Health Technology by 50% in 5 years To increase the proportion of pregnant women attended by trained health workers by 50% in 5 years To recruit & train at least 2 TBAs for 20% of all villages per year
To design manuals of procedures for TBAS within one month
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 12

Operational

Service processes

Resource inputs

12/18/2009

The Strategic Health Planning Cycle Strategic Planning

Operational Planning
11.Evaluation 10.Implementation
1.Organising

for Planning & Review of Organizations Mission

2.Situation Analysis

3.Ranging Priorities 9.Detailed Programming & Resource Specification 4.Setting Objectives 5.Specification of Alternative Technical Interventions 6.Constraints Analysis & Specification of Strategies
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 13

7.Selection of Strategies after SWOT Analysis

2.The Situation Analysis

To Determine: Common health & health related problems in quantifies terms Factors contributing to the development of the problems Involves collection of information on
Health Policy Demographic situation Socio-Economic situation Geographic situation Epidemiologic situation Health resources situation Health services Etc Sources of Information Records Surveys
copyright : aolumide

Informal Formal
14

12/18/2009

12/18/2009

3. Selection of Priority Health Problems

Criteria: Disease incidence/prevalence Social Importance Age Group Affected Sequelae (Severity/Complication) Ease of Control Cost of Control Economic Importance
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 15

4. Setting of Objectives
Objectives: The intended result or achievement of a programme or an activity Must be Specific M easurable Attainable Relevant Time-Limited States: What is to be accomplished How much of it Where it is to be done When it is to be completed i.e how long should one take to accomplish the task To reduce the mortality due to diarrhoeal diseases in Ibarapa children under five by 40% by the year 1990,at the rate of 10% reduction annually
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 16

12/18/2009

5. Specification of Alternative Technical Interventions

Objective: To reduce deaths due to Protein Energy Malnutrition by 50% by 2020, technical interventions required include the following: Nutrition Education General Health Education MCH Care Curative Services Environmental Health Services Etc.
copyright : aolumide 171

12/18/2009

6. Some Useful Strategies

Community Participation Community Financing Schemes Appropriate Technology Intersectoral Collaboration Capacity Building Improved Supervision Etc.

Be creative, be innovative !
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 181

12/18/2009

7. The SWOT Analysis

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats External Appraisal (SW OT) Internal Appraisal (SWOT)
12/18/2009 copyright : aolumide 191

Scheduling of Activities
The Gantt Chart Time tables Programmes Etc.

12/18/2009

copyright : aolumide

20

10

12/18/2009

The Gantt Chart

Activity Officer Responsible Date Of Implementation 5yrs 5yrs 5yr 5yrs 2010 2015 2020 2025

A B C D

E.A.O. S.O.O. O.O.K A.B.O.

12/18/2009

copyright : aolumide

21

Bye-products of Strategic Planning

The Plan The Priorities The Budget Time Schedules

12/18/2009

copyright : aolumide

221

11