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'se of English - Part 4

Use of English - Part 5

Forquestions 1-5, think of one word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
o Thenewspaper published an eye-witness account of the disaster. I withdrew a large sum of moneyfrom my savings account. Please don't go to anytroubleon myaccount. A loud explosion woke the inhabitantsin the ........... hoursof the merning. My grandfather stoppedworkingat the ageof 55 and took retirement. We had a very spring this year;wild flowers werealready bloomingin February. 2 Whydon't youswapchairs sothat we can otheracross the table? Oursittingroomwindows lovely view. Jenniferwi\! haveto later. 3 Tomhas cleverideas. each

For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words.
o Orders will probably increase aroundChristmas time. likely Orders arelikely to increase aroundChristmas time. Graham hassucceeded because of hisoriginalideas. due Graham's success hisideas areoriginal.

2 Wewill givetowelsandsheets to allthe guests. provided All the guests towelsandsheets. 3 As there is no evidence, the policewill haveto let the suspect go. lack Thepolice will haveto letthe suspect go ..................... evidence. 4 Whydon't we meetnextSaturday afternoon? getting How nextSaturday afternoon? He saidthat he was the long-lostson of a millionaire shipping tycoon. claimed He shipping tycoon. the long-lostsonof a millionaire

the sea,sowe havea up to the truth sooneror

our respect throughhishardworkand her 5

While shewas stayingat the hotel, Kitty keepby helpingout inthe kitchen.

We'vebeenworking hardall morning- I think we've a rest. 4 TheReverend Mr Clipstoneis all, he'sour parishpriest. suspicion - after herself; she yourheads. regularlywith the

I think that yoursecretary isgetting asked meto makecoffeefor herearlier. Nowchildren - raiseyourarmshigh 5 The child'schest roseand movement of herbreathing. Callum beggedherforgiveness.

6 Jaketurnedupverylatein the evening. appearance Jakeput very'latein the evening. 7 All thingsconsidered, James didn't do too badlyin hisA levels. account When in hisA levels. 8 ,Jamesdidn't do too badly

onto his kneesin front of Emmaand

I,,:

In the nineteenthcenturyThe Metropol wasa verygrand hotel,but it intodecay afterthe First WorldWar.

If thereisa fire,please usethe emergency exits. event Please usethe emergency exits a fire.

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Writing: Competition Entries

5 Tickthe boxes to showwhichof the itemswould make Competition entries are written in response to announcements whichmayappear in newspapers, magazines, newsletters etc. In general a competition entryshouldcontain: an introduction whichattractsandholdsthe attentionof thetargetreader (inthiscase, thejudgeof thecompetition). a mainbodywhichaddresses all partsof the rubric. a conclusion whichrounds off yourwritingbysummarising the informationandopinions statedin the mainbody,orbyaddinga thought-provoking comment. Competition entries,likearticles, caninvolve various typesof writing. Forexample, if youareasked to givean opinion,or makea suggestion or a recommendation then youwill need to usediscursive writing. On the other hand,if you needto describe yourfeelings or an experience thenyou will write in a descriptive or narrativestyle.When writing competition entries,registerwill dependon the target reader. Whether you are required to useeithera formalor informalregister, you should always be consistent.To make your entry appealing to the reader, youcan: giveit an eye-catching title andintroduction use'question'sentences makeuseof descriptive adjectives andadverbs yourentrymoreappealing to the judge.

D D D D D D D

veryformalstyle an attention-grabbing title descriptive adjectives andadverbs humour complex grammar questions detailedhistorical information

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Analysingthe Model (1)

a. Read the model and use the words to fillin the gaps. Then answer the questions 1 to 5.

Secondly Thenagain

Finally

After all Firstand foremost

Forinstance

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Understanding the Rubric(1)

Read the rubric below, paying careful attention to the underlined words and phrases. Then answer the questions that follow.

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Why is it that Harry Houdiniis as famousnow as he was nearly a century ago? Perhaps because he was a unique. talented and motivated magician. 1) , iT might be because Houdini was a terrific showman. To me, be represents all that is mysterious and unknown, and I would have much to discuss with the enigmatic Mr Houdini.

. . . . .
.

You have seen the following announcementfor a competitionin a magazine for youngadultsabout the paranormal andhavedecided to enter. Ever imagineyourself having a friendly chat with Cleopatra? Can you envision yourself deep in conversation with WinstonChurchill?If)ou had the opportunityto contactany historicalfigure from the ~, who would it beandwhy?Whatwould youtalk to them about?We areaskingsubscribers to sendin their answersto these questions.The prize for the winning compositionis a two-yearpaid subscription to The Great Beyond.

2) , on speakingwith the great man, ; wouldrespectfully ask him to let me in on a fewtricksof tbe magictrade.3) , howhe managedto staying submergedcoffinfor hourson end, or whatsecret laybehind his unbelievable ability to escape from tightly secured mailbags.Wasit magic,or wasit all an illusion? 4) , I wouldask him about his promisetc

1 2 3 4 5

contact his wife, Bess, from the grave. It's well known that be and his loving wife had devised a secret message that was to be used as a means of communication should either ih"them pass away. Did he really 'speak' to Bess at the famous Halloween seance of 1929,or was it a hoax? 5) , I would question Houdini about wha; personal qualities it takes to be as fantastic a magician as he w~ Do you haye to be especially intelligent or just incredibt

b,

1 2 3 4

Whatdo youhaveto write?Whowouldyouchoose? What kindof publication areyouwriting for? Whoisthe target reader? Whatkindof register shouldyouuse?

2
l

dedicated?

Who knows, maybe he might even invite me to visit l&..

old New York townhouse.6)

where he spends most of his time these days!

, people say thar

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.t(1
How doesthe openingparagraph attract the reader's attention? 2 Whichtenses areusedin the model?Why? 3 Whatinformationisgiveninthe mainbodyparagraphs? 4 What typesof writing are used(descriptive, narrative, discursive)? Howwouldyoudescribe the styleof writing? S Doyouthink the modelwould makea goodimpression on the target reader? WhyNVhy not? 3 Giving the opportunity, the firstchange Iwould maketo the schooVcoliege would be . 4 If there was no limit to the moneyI would spend,I would ......................................................................... S Iwould liketo havelivedverymuchin the th centurybecause . 6 Thefirst thing I would !Q askthe PrimeMinisterwould be ...............................................................................

b. Now choose from A-C,the best title for the model. Can you think of a better title? A HarryHoudini:A Biographical Sketch B An Interviewwith Houdini C The Greatest Magician

I wanted,it wouldn't 7 If I couldgo on holidaywherever matterweatherit wassummer or winterbecause ........ .

8 Was\ freeto choose anycareer I wanted,Iwould liketo bea(n) . 9 I am not surewhat Iwould do shouldI to be facedwith . 10 Inthe unlikely eventill I everbecame president, I would .

c. Read the model again and underline all the adjectives. Then, match some of them to their synonyms in the box below.
1 2 3 4 S magnificent one-of-a-kind clever devoted astonishing 6 7 8 9 10 gifted inexplicable enthusiastic fastened eager

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Understanding the Rubric (2)

Read the rubric below, underline the key words, and write T(for true) or F(for false) next to the statements(1-6)that follow.

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Brainstorming Imaginary Situations

In some cases, you will be asked to use your imagination and say what you would do in certain situations.

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You seethis announcement for a competitionin ar internationalEnglish-language magazinecalled Outer Space. More gpvernmentfundingis needed to widen the research being done into UFO sightings and the possibility of alien life forms. Doyouagree withthisopinion? Inanentryof between 220 and260 words, give us yourreasons whyorwhynor.The best answer willwinthenewly-released video AreWe Alone?

a. In pairs, discuss the following, giving reasons for your answers.

1 2 3 4 Whichfamous livingperson youwouldmostliketo meet. Whichhistorical figureyouwouldmostliketo talkto. Whichperiod in history youwouldlik~to havelivedin. What you would do if you could be president of your countryfor a day. S Whatyouwoulddo if youwerea programme controller for alV station.

b. Correct the underlined mistakes below and

completethe sentenceswith ideasof your own.

I would lovesomethingmorethan the chanceto visit . 2 If Iwould choose oneperson to interview, it would have to be . Iwouldaskhim/her howdid hemanage to .

Youmustarguein favourof spending moreon space exploration.

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2 Yourtarget reader will expecta humorous reply. 3 Discursive writing isnecessary for thistask. 4

to supply a title for Youarenot expected

thiscomposition.

S Youmustjustifyyouropinion. 6 Youmustdescribe whatyourgovernment isdoingregarding thisresearch.

207

Writing: Competition Entries

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Analysingthe Model(2)
Belowisthe winning entry to the competition. Underlinethe correctwords/phrases. Thenanswer the questionsthat follow. -- - --

...

Readthe extract below, paying careful attentio-' the numbered phrases.Which of these phrases3. examples of:

descriptive writing discursive writing narrative writing

If I could, I would like to visit London, for the si..... reason that 1 I have heard so much about it and I ~experience it for myself. Londo'" -.:.

We

often

read

headlines

about

individuals

One of the main reasons I would choose

seen

encountering creat~res from outer space, seeing strange fights in the sky, or even being unwillingly whisked away in futuristic spacecraft. 1) As a result of/In spite of this negative exposure, many people are of the mind that UFOs and extraterrestrials are nothing more than science fiction. But should the government be spending more to find out the truth about these sightings? 2) On the one hand/On the contrary, it must be admitted that many so-called UFO sightings are easily explained away. More often than not, 'unearthly flashing lights' and 'disc-like saucers' turn out simply to be lowflying aircraft or damaged satellites, 3) in fact/while many sightings are either a product of someone's overactive imagination or their yearning for public attention. 4) However/Although, it would be incredibly arrogant of us if we were to believe that we were the only thinking beings in the entire universe. What if there really is life out there? And what if it is an intelligent life form that is trying to contact us? It is safe to say, 5) in fact,/in conclusion, that we will never know the answers to these questions if UFO and alien sightings are not taken seriously and investigated. Investigations take time and money, and 6) while/when it is obvious that government budgets are already stretched to breaking point, funds must be found to support research into the possibility of there being extraterrestrial life somewhere out there.

that I would liketo go to some of the placesthat

in photographs and on television. Ever since.

--

young child. I havebeen 3 fascinatedby sp~~

images of magnificent architecture. huge parks -golden autumnal avenues4. Although I know ~.:. London is not like that all the time, there is a b.r-.
curiosity-6 in me that can only be satisfied by seeing:
my own eyes.

One of the first places I would go to is Bucki~Palace, where I would have the chance to see at firs:. the kind of luxury and splendour 7 that we te"'';' associate with the royal family. After that. I would ~ 8 the Tower of London in order to soak up some :1 .:-. atmosphere 9 in what must be one of the most hist:::important places in the world. Then. when I had hac fill of blood and gore, I would make my way to ..,

a. Match the descriptive adjectives to the nouns

below to make collocations.
sti m ulati ng/i nteresting/lon g

effects building scenery experience opportur'~, conversatlC"" career

perfect/gal den/idea I/once-i n-a-I ifetime fulfilling/challenging/exciting reward ing/fru itfuI/distinguished positive/negative/harmful/beneficial magnificent/delightfu I/quaint/imposing breathta king/beautifu I/spectacu lar

..'- ---

>'

'>'~

b. In the sentences below, replace each of the

words in bold with the most suitable

Is the writer in favourof or againstmoregovernment funding?Howdo we know? 2 Whichpointsdoes thewriteruseto supporthislher views? 3 What is the effect of usingquestions? How couldyou write themdifferently? 4 Inpairs. suggest anotherbeginning to theentry. 5 Ingroups. thinkof another title.

descriptive adjective from those above. I think I wouldfind it niceto be ableto have
conversation with a greatmathematician likeEinstein. 2 It would be a good opportunityto seeso manyrre worksof art displayed in oneplace.

:) Descriptive, Discursive andNarrative Writing

Remember

3 Being anartistwouldbegreatbecause I ~ouldbe00;;: to express thecreative side of mypersonality.

4 I would choosethe earlypart of the twentieth cenL~ because it wasa time whenwe werebeginningto s= the benefitsof technologybut without the bad effec:: that camelater. I haveheardthat the scenery ispretty. it ishaunted.

that descriptive language tends to make

5

use of adjectives; discursive language usually contains

linking words/phrases; and narrative language often

relies on tenses and time words/phrases.

6 Although it lookslikea prettycountry cottage. theysa

208

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Readthe following sentences and put the verbs in the appropriate tenses. In some cases, more than one tense may be correct.

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CreatingSuspense
a. Readthis announcement from a magazine and answer the questionsthat follow.

--

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(leave)the housewhenI
(hear) a strange noise.

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2 It was only when he ............................................ (describe) itto hisbrotherthat he ................................. (realise) whathe (see). 3 Whilethe others (look)around the shops,she (decide)
to investigate the house.

\........

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4 Nosoonerhad I my bags than I

feel cold and faint.

(unpack) (start) to

S Aswe

(approach) the frontdoor,we (notice)that there was a peculiar sound (come)frominside. 6 We (go) about forty mileswhen strange noisesstarted (come)from
the car radio. Does the style of the announcement suggest that you
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a. Match items from the two columns to make sentences.

1 2 3 4 Bythe time I recoveredmy senses, Not until the next morning did I Hardlyhad he entered the room when I Had I known about this localsuperstition,Iwould never have Immediately afterwards, Ifelt dizzy Within minutes, we were Almost immediately, the pain

need to adopt a serious, scientific approach? 2 What sort of story would be suitable for this competition?

3
4 5

What are the readers of the magazine likely to want to

read?
Whichtype(s) of writing will you use most?
How can you make your entry appealing to the reader~ Give examples.

S While Iwas talking, she 6 7 8

b. Now readthe extract from a competitionentry, below.In eachof the numberedsections, one of the phrasesin bold is inappropriate.Cross it out and saywhy it iswrong.
... 1) I was so terrified/So terrified was I/Was I so terrified that all the hairs on the back of my neck were standing on end, and my hands were shaking so badly that, 2) as hard as I could/try as I might/as hard as I tried, I couldn't turn the handle of the door. As I stood there for a moment, 3) frozen to the spot,/paralysed with fear,/turned to ice, I wanted to cry. Then, 4) in a few minutes,/as quickly as it had appeared,/in a flash, the figure vanished into thin air. 5) In a state of shock,! In a moment,/In disbelief, I broke out in a cold sweat and I began to feel as though my legs 6) gave/were going to give/ were giving way under ~. By the time I managed to get the door open, I was 7) trembling all over/shaking like a leaf! shaking like a jelly. Once outside in the open air, I ran as fast as 8) my legs would carry me,/I possibly could,/an Olympic sprinter, not
stoppin& until I reached the village

a b c d e f g h

realisethe significanceof what had happened. went away as if nothing had happened. seemed to be lookingverydeeply into myeyes. laughingand joking as if nothing had happened. had a strange feelingI had seen himsomewhere before. the lightsin the sky had gone. and strangelydetached from my surroundings. dreamt of doing such a thing.

=~
-sa

b. Haveyou everhad any unusualor inexplicable

experiences? Usesomeof the languageabove to talk aboutwhat happened.

...

c. Underlineall the time wordsand phrases. In pairs,replace them with other appropriateones. 209

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W r itin 9 :"C.9 m pe.irt,i~:bI~htli~s

......

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4 What informationmust be includedin the main bod
paragraphs? 5 Howformal/informal doesyourwriting needto be? 6 Canyouusehumourin the composition? 7 Whatwouldbean appropriate endingfor your composition?

DiSCUS& &Jj]Jj
11 Look at the writing tasks below and, for each one,
discussthe questionsthat follow.

A . Yousee the following announcement in an

: :

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international fashion magazine. Write yourcompetition entry in 220-260 words.

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Paragraph Planning
Decide which task you are going to write and ma~e

..., I."" et I \-, ._

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notes in answerto the questionsinthe plan beloYi

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We are running a competition to give our -regular readers a chance to tell us about their experiences (and get published as well!) Allyou have to do is to write in and tell us about a strange incident that has happened to you while shopping.
"T"L~'I.]IIIUnll.T-'

Whateffectdo I wantto achieve in the openinglines? Whattechniques canI use?

........................................................................................... ..........................................................................................

... B

. . . . . .
.

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You see the announcement below in a science fiction magazineand havedecided to enter,
Write your competition entry in 220-260 words.

Am Iwritinga narrative, describing or arguing?

.......................................................................................... ..........................................................................................

. copyof JRRTolkien'sTheHobbit. L_ -------C

Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhatit would be like to have unlimited magicalpowersfor one day?What wouldyou look like? Howwouldit makeyoufeel?Howwouldyou use your magic for yourself and for others?We wantto hearfrom you! Thebestentry willwinalimited edition

..........................................................................................

What mustI remember to include?

......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... .........................................................................................

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...
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HowwouldI liketo leave the targetreader feeling?

.........................................................................................

. : :

HowcanI achieve this?

You read about this competition on the Internet and
......................................................................................... .........................................................................................

. .

decideto enter,
Writeyour competition entry in 220-260 words.

Whatdo people in yourcountrybelieve in? Are they superstitious? We're looking for the best descriptions from around the world. Write and tell us about any (orall!!)ofthe following:

13

Portfolio: Usingthe informationyou havelearnec

thisunit,writethe competition entryyoudiscllS!i1= above.

01

.
. .

goodluck
bad luck

. weddings . the weather

---

timesoftheyear

. horoscopes

00o~

-----

~~&&
;e;<tJ ~ 002

Whattype(s) of writing(discursive, descriptive, narrative) will youuse? 2 Howcouldyouattractthe targetreader's attentionwith yourbeginning? 3 Whatwouldbea goodtitle for the entry?

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Lead-i n
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a. Lookat the pictures showing different places/ ways to shop. In pairs discuss about:

Listento a report about results from a survey of shoppers. In pairs, answer the following questions.
Which of the questions in the questionnairefrom Ex.2 did it cover? 2 What does it say about

. . .

products you can buy in each place

type of people who most commonlyshop here

advantages and disadvantages of shopping in these

places b. What are the relative merits of paying in the followingways? Discuss in pairs.

- middle-aged parents?

- teenagers?

Do you think the same is true for these groups of people in your country?

These numberswere mentioned in the report. What do they referto?

. incash bycredit card bycheque

65

23

82

75

19

in instalments 4 Thefollowingwordsandexpressions areconnected with savingmoney. Whichwerementioned in the report? Howcanthe othersbe used?

Look at the following market research-questionnaire about shopping habits. Interview your partner using these questions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Howoftendo yougo shopping? Howlongdo youspend whenyougo shopping? Whatdo youmostenjoyshopping for? Whatdoyouleastenjoyshopping for? Whichareyourfavourite shops or stores? Why? Whichareyourleastfavouriteplaces to shop? Why? Do you prefershoppingaloneor with somebody else?1 (Who?)

-,C

. . . .

the sales a bargain a discount

= ..-."-

reduced to clear good value formoney to haggle

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Paraphrasethe followingquotations.

Which do you agree with? Why? Disc~ss in pairs. 'Money is power, freedom, a cushion, the root of all evil, the sum of blessings:
Carl Sandburg(USwriter)

8 Arethe decoranddisplays in a shopimportantto you? 9 Does the manner of the shopassistants affectyou? 10 Whenshopping, isqualitymoreimportant thanquantity?

'The aim of commerce is not to sell what is best for people, or even what they really need; its final standard is a successful sale~ Sir Richard Livingstone (British businessman) 211

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Reading- Part 2

--

a. Youwill readan articleabout

the advantages and disadvantages of convenience stores compared with supermarkets. Before you read, discussthe following in pairs. What do you understand by the term 'convenience stores'? Inwhat waysaretheyconvenient? 2 Do you usually shop at the supermarket, or do you preferto usethe localcornershop/general store?What arethe differences in termsof a) price,b) convenience, c) service, d) qualityandvarietyof produce, ande)openinghours? How hasthe riseof supermarkets affectedsmaller localshops?

'!'he Cost , of
'"

Convenlence ~
~

How often have you sat comfortably at home and thought: Fre<chocolate croissants for breakfast would be nice, or freshly laid e~ scrambled, with smoked salmon would hit the spot, but let it ~ because it's too much trouble to make yourself look presentable .:= public, get into something outdoorsy, find the car keys, get the car o~
of the garage

the list gets longer - and you .go off the boilc?

.,..

If you live in a city, one or another of the big supermarket chains wi.. have opened such a store near you, and they all have plans for man: many more. 2 It's not just the improvement in convenience stores that is encouraging shoppers to stay local. By walking to the shop you not only help you:health and the environment, you also save the cost of petrol. If you are one of the many people who only use the car for the weekend shop, y()l. could ditch it altogether.

b. Look at the title. What might be the 'cost of convenience'?

3
Not surprisingly, owners of more old-fashioned, independent stor~ feel threatened. Their main fear is that the supermarkets' greater buying power will enable them to price the smaller stores out of the market. 4 The difference doesn't look like much in terms of pounds and pence lOp extra on six eggs, 3p on a litre of fabric softener, 6p more for 8C teabags compared with the prices in the main branches. But if you pop into your local mini supermarket on a regular basis, the premium prices soon add up. 5 Supermarkets defend their policy, pointing out that overheads.;va~' from one type of store to another: 'We have a national pricing polic~_ so our prices are the same in similar formats throughout the country. Prices do, however, v~ry between our differing formats as their resourcing requirements and cost structure vary. For example, our 'local' convenience stores are open longer hours, and are generally in higher cost locations, such as city centres.' ''''' 6 If you are one of those who can't resist nipping in to your 'local' shop. there are several ways to contain costs. Draw up a shopping list and stick to it. Cook from scratch if you have time; pre-prepared food costs more. Only take up special offers, such as three for the price of two, if it applies to items you use regularly, and supplement with items from cheaper sources when possible - fruit and vegetables from your local market or farm shop, and the supermarket's own-brand tinned, frozen and other general groceries.

a. Now readthe article.Six

paragraphs have been removed. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6).

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The contrast between these smaller versions of the supermarkets and the traditional 'open all hours' impression we have of local comer shops could not be greater. They carry a wide range of stock that is attractively packaged, have good, clear layouts and often offer cashback or have cashpoints. It's not only quick to shop there, but easy and, on the whole, )\l~~\\.t as.welL Even if the item you have gone to buy costs the normal price, the impulse to buy other products can cost you dearly. Research has shown that someone popping in to their local convenience store intending to buy only some bread would, on average, spend a total of 1, 208 on products over just one year from that store. On the other hand, smaller stores are more 'front heavy' in .:omparison to larger branches. This is because rates are higher per ;.quare footage at the front of a store than further back, so they end up "aying more in comparison to their size. I: is true that their smaller outlets do face proportionately higher costs, ;:-.artlybecause they are selling smaller quantities of goods, partly :'ause of staffing requirements and partly because they have to pay ';.;gher council rates. Even so, you might expect customers to :ccasionally resent having to pay 15% more for, say, brand name tea ~ just for the convenience. But no; according to research, consumers _""e queuing up to pay. 1..couple of years ago you did have to face driving several miles to :ill nearest supermarket to find such treats. But the advent of a new --;;ed of 'mini' supermarket has changed all that; now you can saunter :he end of your road to buy whatever the TV chef of the day has just -~C"mmended. But are you paying over the odds for accessibility?
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.'

b. Underlinethe partsof the article which helpedyou to decideon the missingparagraphs, then comparewith a partner.

'Voca'ou~aTY ?lac\k':

Lookat the highlightedwordsand phrases in the text. Matchthem with synonyms from the list below.

goods/produce essential expenses bejustthe rightthing add

something to sellmorecheaply abandon/get ridof loseenthusiasm

Text Analysis

Answerthe followingquestions.
How can the first paragraph be summarised? 2 Whatismeantbythe underlined parts? a '... encouraging shoppers to ~ local.'(beforegap3) b '... enable them to price the smallerstoresout of the market.' (beforegap4) '... the impulse to buy other products can cost you dearl, (paraB) d '... their smalleroutlets do face c proportionatelyhigher costs ...' (paraD) e '... endingthe discovery of rotting vegetables lurking in the crisper.' (paraG)

reality, however, while large supermarkets undercut traditional C'oenience stores on a core rangeof products,on others they hike up

-e prices. An investigation conducted in several London stores showed .~ customers were paying between four and seven per cent more in ~rmarket convenience stores compared with the prices for exactlythe ~ products in the larger format stores. ~ ~6lg a small amount of food daily, rather than doing a huge weekly -,:-.:can cut down on wastage of food, ending the discovery of rotting :~les lurking in the crisper. Best of all, you avoid the agony of ~g around the supermarket for at least an hour on Saturday or
.. ':.:.0..,,'"..

Discussion

a. Makea listof prosand cons

about doing your shopping at hypermarkets and shopping malls. In pairs, discuss using your

-=-b.

notes.

at\Q s\\OPp\t\9 ma\\s Q~st{Q'J~d people's sense of com'fnunity? Discuss in groups.

---"'~'4-i j- -L~ , ~

...

Havehypermarkets

~........... ""
...

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Language

Focus;,

.;
2 I find it so irritatingto ~c

:) Shopping Therapy
1
a. Complete the sentences below with words from the box. Use the

remainingwordsinsentencesof yourown.

hypermarket upmarket boutique farmer's market carbootsale second-hand shop garagesale

. antique shop . millinery shop . organic food store . DIYsuperstore . arts and crafts shop delicatessen

1118i_
People thinkit's ratneramusing that I go to the local every Sunday,but you can
really find some bargains if you look hard enough.

the Sunday newspaper ~:: somany =:. alloverthe place. 3 I was listeningto the rcc_ the carthis morningana~:J can't get this ridiculous. out of my"8 4 That firm must be mak\~; hugeprofit! Doyouknow it musthavecostthemto to?" a in The 7imes-

2 I\lthough the fruits and vegetables at the may cost a bit more, at leastI knowthereareno chemicals inthem. 3 The on the cornerhas the freshest cold meats and homemade salads I'veevertasted. 4 My sisteris havinga hugewhite weddingso I haveto go to the to choose anicehat.
I bought the nicestquilt at the . The proprietortold me that it wasmadeby a oldwoman! ninety-year 6 You'llbe happyto knowthatwhenyou shopat a Savethe Children Fund , alltheprofits gotothecharity. 7 AlthoughI canneveraffordto buy anything,I love browsingthrough the many treasures in that . 8 I'vesent Stan off to the . He'sbeenputting off doing anyhome repairs S

Shelley always rents because shecan', s:3""

:::-

interruptions by ..
........................... 6 Why don't YOlJ ;:a::
............................

and discuss YCJ destination with yo..r~_ 7 Justas we hadgr.? ~ of ever finding a -.= spotted a........... saying'Rest-Inn close =' 8 Thelittlegirl hadmaoe:
..... 'freshly squeezed 2!'and put it up on alai'"":

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b. Now, in pairs, ansv..er following questions

~m~th~_ _

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Which of theabove /T'"advertisingwould be 5: for a) somebodysel ...; house? b) a fast foe: 2 away?c)a largecompar How important do yo_ advertising isto the SUCC2Z business?

b. Lookat the list of products below and decide where you could buy them. Choose from the words in Ex.1a.

. tools fancy hats used

fresh herbs a vintage lamp . .designer clothes handmaderugs beefsausages groceries hand-knitted pullovers firsteditionbooks nails
furniture

c. In pairs, discuss which of the shops in Ex. 1a you liketo visit and why. What do you normally purchase.there? How much are you willing to

payfor it?
A: I lovevisitingcar bootsales. There's so muchto seeandyou reallycanfind some interesting things.Howaboutyou? B: Personally, Ilike... etc

3 Are there any kir~ advertisements that you?If so,why?

:) Advertising.
2
a. Lookat the methods of advertising listed in the box and use them, in their correct form, to complete the sentences.

c. In groups, discuss the advantages/d isadvantag:: of the variousmethods:: advertising mentioned Ex.2a? Consider the following:

expense visibility

. TVcommercial hoarding neonsign jingle flier brochure full-page spread poster

A petitionisbeingpassed aroundmyneighbourhood to prohibit......................... beingerectedin the area.

. efficacy(howwell it \hC

214

~ Prefixes
3
a. Lookat these words using the prefixes in-,im-, ir-,i/-,uno,dis-,mis-,sub-,under-and over- and answer the questions that follow.

2 With somanyhouses up for sale,prices keepdecreasing.

Its de.f\r:\\te.\'1 a\r:\)

.
andinvolvement in organised crime.

3 Severalhigh-rankingofficials have been accusedof 4 Madonna and OZL'f Osborne arejust two of many
that arerevered bytoday'steens. 5 area particularly effective form of advertising as the vieweris unawarethey are even seeingit.

inexpensive imperfect irreplaceable

unaffordab/e illogical dishonest misjudge substandard underestimate overspend

1 Howdotheprefixes change themeaning of thewords? 2 Whichconsonants usually follow im-,ir-, il-,andin-? 3 What isthe difference in meaning betweenprefixes uno,dis-,mis-?

a. Tick(I') the boxes to form phrases.

Make

Set up Launch
I

Do
I

achainof shops
b. Form as many new words as you can from the
words below using the prefixes from Ex. 3a.

cutbacks the weeklyshopping business a deal anagency the bookkeeping a company

experienced human worked sold

conscious valued normal valuable . mature rational loaded like legible

. cook developed look use charge fund dress line

~ Collocations
4
1 2 3 4 5 6
:0

a campaign a fortune a branch a product b. In pair~. use the phrases in sentences. Can you think of one more phrase or expression to go under each heading? ,

a. Matchthe pairsof adjectives to the nounsto

form collocations.

buyer's/ flea best-selling/ household celebrity/ government aggressive / effective subliminal/coded pop / religious

a b c d e f

endorsements icons messages market products marketing

b. Fillin the gaps with one of the words provided.

-

shopping advertising
1 2 3 4 .. ...

money

cash

e
.

<ag25

problems/laundering/management mall/facilities/spree point/desk/flow company/campaign/standards

.~~:'1::-

c. Nowuse.someof the collocations from Ex.4a

and 4b to complete the sentences below. If necessary. use your dictionary to help you. Use the remaining collocations in sentences of your own.
Many young peoplebelievethat are

~,

- ....

trueto life.Theythink the starspromotingthe products actuallyusethem.

1:; -'

,\.:-.; ' ~:)\'-~~'

, langua

~ Idioms
6
Match items from columns A and Bto make idioms and then use them, in their correct form, to complete the sentences.

~ Fixed Phrases (phrases with

7
own.

carry)

Replace the underlinedwordsand expressions Yo'"'";;

one of the fixed phrases below. Then, in pairs, USE the fixed phrases to make up sentences of your

cost an arm tighten one's foot the earn one's save for a make keep one's head be one's have a go from rags

carry the world on one's shoulders

nest egg to riches ends meet above water belt bread and butter rainyday and a leg bill meal ticket
2

carry sth too far cash and carry carry a lot of weight carry a motion carry an illness

I know you likeyour "~

home entertainment s'fSlc but you haven't been ou: -:: the house for days. You're rea overdoing it, don't you think? I can't believe the bill for Sunday shopping become a law. However, the majority of :.-~ cabinet voted in favour of it. 3 I've stopped buying tropical fish. I heard some: them are infected with something that car :1:: transmitted to humans. 4 John thinks too much. To look at him you'd t!" he had the whole universedepending on him. 5 The bank manager isvery influential so if you rea want that mortgage be very nice to her! 6 The range of products at that hypermarkei: '"
extensive. Tne only problem is that it won't acce:-: credit cards.

When I was your age, I was working twelve hours a day

to 2

My new computer might have ............................... but as far as I'm concerned it was wellworth it. Andrew Carnegie, the poor immigrantwho became a millionaire, isa great exampleof someone who............ . Inthese daysof risingcosts, it's hard for a person with a

4 S
6

family to ................................................
I know it's a blow that I got demoted, but if we
we'll be fine. My grandfather alwaysadvised me against spending all my wages. He always said, 'Better to .........................

.
...................................... We're barelymanaging to and you're buyingexpensiveclothes and ma~eup! 8 She's been savingmoney sinceshe was a teenager. Ican imagineshe quite ............................ by now. 9 That wealthy businessman was definitely Sue's . Beforeshe met him

- - --

-- ------

~ Phrasal Verbs
8
A visit B involve C use

~
Appendix 1

a. Matchthe phrasalverbswith their meanings. D request E demand F cancel G write H lengthen

she was penniless.

10 Youwent out and put allthosepurchases on the credit cardandnowI................................................

2

. 'f!~

3
4 S

IlL ill 6

I hateto tell youthis,Jane,but we'regoingto have::: calloff our shopping trip. I'm broke! We are calling upon all customers to report anyboo that theyseeshopliftingfromthe store. I don't knowwhyI let you draw me in on ttlis crazy ge:rich-quick-scheme. He hadto draw on all his expertise in the business :: comeupwith a catchyradiojinglefor the campaign. Theactordrewout the lastwordof theslogan soit woo;;:: _make a lasting impression onthe listening audience. My solicitoris in the process of drawing up the deeas for the saleof the property.

216
II

I'll callin on mymotheron the wayhome.I'vegot some shopping for her. 8 Thepublic,who hadbeencheatedout of their savings, angrily calledfor the bankmanager's arrest.

Placingan order

I wonder if you could help

mewith anorder,please.

b. Now use some of the phrasal verbs, in their

correct form, to complete the sentences. The launchof the new makeof car was ................... 2 whenit wasdiscovered it haddefects in the steering. Themarketing manager the meeting for an extrahour,insistingon discussing everydetailof the advertising campaign. Manycommercials repetition to get their message across. I am all staff to do their part in making thisstorea pleasant place to shop. Once thecontract is , we'llbeinbusiness!

I am interested in buying...

Iwould liketo pay... Isit possible to makea payment bycreditcard?

Can I send you a cheque

payable to ...? Mydelivery address is ...

3 4 S

A: I wonderifyoucouldhelpme withanorder, please. B: Mostdefinitely, Madam.

b. You've received your new mobile phone but when it arrivedit was damaged.Actout a dialogue between a dissatisfied customer and
\'i-1~ 'i.\':f:>\'U'im:~ ,,:>~'fi..~,,:> O;~'PO;~":>'{~\~\~"-,{ ~\ \!;\,'{

.4

mobile phone company.

"

Communication: Placing/Confirming an Order & Making/Answering a Complaint

a. Readthe advertisement and, usinglanguage from the box,act out a dialogue.

Makinga complaint

I'd like to make a complaint

Answeringa complaint I'll lookinto thismatter promptly. I'll do mybestto sortit out for you. I sincerely apologise for I'm awfullysorry!I'll do mybest... Youcaneitherexchange it or get a refund ...

about... (product/service).
I'm calling to make an

The All-New

officialcomplaint... Couldyoutell mewho is responsible for ...,please? I wasratherhopingyou couldgiveme~ refund!an exchange.

. . .

pf:~ 1'1 r-r:.e top selling BMP 715 represents the ultimate in style,
~

A: Hello,J'd liketo...

WJining the best of design and technology.With

r: messaging and Internet access, you are buying a

B: Whatseems to betheproblem, Sir?

~.::nng new features such as a wide range of ringtones, :!'_:. extraordinary phone. The BMP 715 exemplifies the ~est in mobile fashion and cutting-edge technology.
PI.ace your order now!

c. Now, in pairs, using the language from EX5.9a and b, act out the following dialogues. Youcalla publishing company to ordertwo new bestsellers. 2
I

i
~

FREE Super Saver Shipping on orders over $125.

Restrictions am Tel:00012-000111.
~eed Help?
~ew customer? Click here to learn about shopping at smartphone.mob Redeem or !mYa gift certificate. Visit our Help Department.
Pay by any major credit card.

You have just receivedan order from the localsupermarket. Many of the itemsthat you orderedare missingand many are the wrong brand. Call the supermarket and makea complarnt.

Don't delay! Call our 24-hour hotline now!

L\I

Listening & Speaking

(Listening - Part1 (Listening - Part3

Youwill hearthree different extractsabout three unrelatedtopics.Forquestions1-6,choosethe answer(A, B or C)which fits bestaccording to what you hear.Therearetwo questionsfor eachextract.

a. Youwill heara radio discussion about men's shoppinghabits.Before you listen,discuss the following questions.
Isthereanydifference betweenmen'sandwomen's shopping habitsin your country ? 2 What itemsdoYOu ~r'" --ein buying: clothing? fashionaccessa"e> electronic items'? gadgez a.~:; _ (SPE

about part of a television programme genetically-modified foods. (hanging a plant'sgeneticsequence is A an age-oldpractice. B a modern-day version of traditionalmethods. ( a technique onlypractised byfarmers. 2 According to the speaker, mostpeople A aredoubtfulaboutthe safetyof GMfood. B understand that GM crops are a positive development forthe future. ( understand that thereareno dangers attached to GMcrops.

I~

kitchenware?

41 = '1
,

. ~ -~

W Now listen to the recording. For questions

according to what you hear.

choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best

~r

part of a radiointerview
psychology of shopping.

about the

3 At the moment when shoppers enter a supermarket A they expectto be bombarded with promotional material. B theytendto ignoreadvertising andpromotions. ( they are more likely to be influenced by advertising. 4 Accordingto the speaker's research A a largerangeof products maycause consumers to buyless. B consumers buy more products in large supermarkets than in smallshops. ( consumers can neverdecidewhat t~ buy in a largesupermarket.

What doesthe term 'hobby shopping'suggestabout menwho loveto shop? A Theylikenon-traditional malepursuits. B Theyneedmorehobbies. ( Theyhavenothingbetterto do at the weekends. D Theyonlyhavetimeto shopat weekends. 2 Why does Adam think men have changed their shoppinghabits? A Womenhaveforcedthemto shopfor themselves. B Womenhaveto workon Friday nights. ( Womennowhavedifferentpriorities. D Womenpreferto go out on Friday nightsratherthan shop. 3 Accordingto Adam,how havemen beenaffectedby the changein women'srole in society? A Theyhavebecome interested in femalepursuits. B Theyhavebecome lessmasculine. ( They have become moresympathetic towards women. D Theyhavebecome moreinterested in sport. 4 What does Adam say about men's shopping habits in the past? A Theyrarelyshopped alone. B Theyrarely triedon clothesbeforebuying. ( Theyrarelybrowsed beforebuying. "" D Theyrarelyboughtclothes the rightsize.

I I ,

~o

people tal~ng about stage Mght.

S One reason that performers suffer from stage fright isthat A theytendto imagine the worstpossible outcome. B theybelieve themselves to befailures. ( theydo not settheirgoalshighenough. 6 How does Adrian suggest that musicianscan reducetheir performance anxiety? A Byaimingfor perfection. B Byreducing theirexpectations of themselves. ( Bythinkingabouttheir familyandfriends.

II

S Accordingto Adam, how have menswear shops changed? A Theirsales staffhavebecome morefriendly. B Thereisawiderrangeof clothingto choose from. ( They havelearnthowto keepcustomers thereas longaspossible. D Theyhavebegunto sellotherproducts.

218