Scrambling Code Planning Guidelines

Scrambling Code Planning Guidelines

Overview
Scrambling codes is used to help UE to identify WCDMA cells, Scrambling codes planning is a very important part of WCDMA radio network planning. The main problem of scrambling codes planning is how to correctly and effectively configure the Scrambling codes. This document elaborates the scrambling codes planning scheme and ZTEs Scrambling Code planning proposal for Tamin.

Scrambling Code Planning Principle

On the perspective of network planning, WCDMA scrambling code planning refers to allocation of main scrambling codes to cells. WCDMA downlink has 64 code groups, totally 512 primary scrambling codes. Each cell is assigned with one primary scrambling code as one of the identification parameters. When the quantity of cells is greater than 512, a primary scrambling code can be repeatedly allocated to different cells as long as the cells with the same primary scrambling code are spaced far enough to keep the receiving signals lower than the threshold level within the coverage of another cell using the same primary scrambling code.

2.1

Cluster-based Scrambling Code Reuse Method

If the scrambling code reuse distance is met, the same scrambling code can be reused in different base stations. We commonly call a group of base stations using different scrambling codes within the reuse distance as a cluster, that is, the scrambling codes are reused in the mode of cluster, as shown in Fig.1.
5 7 5 7 12 4 6 8 13 5 7 12 4 6 8 13 10 12 4 6 8 13 10 1 3 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 9 11 13 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 1 3 10 12 1 3 5 7 9 11 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 2 9 11 13 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 1 3 12 1 3 5 7 9 11 2 9 11 2

Figure 1

Cluster-based Scrambling Code Reuse Method Page 2/5

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Scrambling Code Planning Guidelines In reuse of the same scrambling code, the reuse base stations should be adequately spaced in geological distance. Reuse distance of typical raido environment are recommended as below:

Table 1

Analysis of Same-scrambling Code Reuse

Area Dense urban Common urban suburb rural

Code reuse distancekm 4 7.4 17 73

NodeB radiuskm 0.30.6 0.61.2 1.23 510

2.2

PSC Planning Principles

Downlink code planning is the process to allocate 512 sets of primary codes to different sectors which shall conform to the following principles:

2.2.1

PSC reserve for expansion and indoor site

The characteristic of network construction by steps should be taken into consideration for scrambling code planning, with a certain number of scrambling codes reserved for network expansion and indoor distribution system. When analyzing the maximum number of scrambling codes used in each area, the number is calculated by the minimum radius of the macro cellular base stations in the specific area. The number of scrambling codes actually allocated should be assigned depending on the number of macro cellular base stations in the planned area. The unused scrambling codes can be reserved for subsequent expansion. For micro-cell and indoor distribution system, which the base stations are well spaced, particularly those in the indoor distribution system, the scrambling codes are reused at a high rate, so 40 scrambling codes should be reserved.

2.2.2

PSC reserve for boundary site

A number of scrambling codes should be reserved for coordination of boundary base stations. Generally, a big WCDMA network is divided into multiple subnets planned by different planners. It is highly likely that the base station at the border of two subnets is allocated with the same scrambling code due to the lack of knowledge of the scrambling code allocation plans for other subnets, and the interference may be caused as the distance between the same-scrambling code base stations fails to meet the scrambling code reuse distance requirement. To avoid such case, planners should reach a consensus on the number of scrambling codes reserved for coordination by boundary base stations. The number of reserved scrambling codes should be confined within the distributable number in a cluster (see Table 1), but the number of scrambling codes in application can be smaller than the stipulated one.

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Scrambling Code Planning Guidelines

PSC planning proposal

For PSC planning, ZTE propose to use 9~50 PSC group, totally 336 PSC for current out door site, group 1~8 is reserved for network expansion, group 51~59 is reserved for boundary site and group 60~64 is reserved for indoor site.more details please refer to table 2 and table 3

Table 2

Recommended Scrambling Code Allocation Plan-1

Allocation of Scrambling Codes for network expansion

Common Scrambling Code Allocation

Allocation of Scrambling Codes for Boundary site

Allocation of Scrambling Codes for Indoor site

Recommende d value

0~63

64~399

400~471

472~511

Table 3

Recommended Scrambling Code Allocation Plan-2

PSC group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

PSC 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160 168 176 184 192 1 9 17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97 105 113 121 129 137 145 153 161 169 177 185 193 2 10 18 26 34 42 50 58 66 74 82 90 98 106 114 122 130 138 146 154 162 170 178 186 194 3 11 19 27 35 43 51 59 67 75 83 91 99 107 115 123 131 139 147 155 163 171 179 187 195 4 12 20 28 36 44 52 60 68 76 84 92 100 108 116 124 132 140 148 156 164 172 180 188 196 5 13 21 29 37 45 53 61 69 77 85 93 101 109 117 125 133 141 149 157 165 173 181 189 197 6 14 22 30 38 46 54 62 70 78 86 94 102 110 118 126 134 142 150 158 166 174 182 190 198 7 15 23 31 39 47 55 63 71 79 87 95 103 111 119 127 135 143 151 159 167 175 183 191 199

Purpose

used for network expansion

Used for outdoor site

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Scrambling Code Planning Guidelines 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 200 208 216 224 232 240 248 256 264 272 280 288 296 304 312 320 328 336 344 352 360 368 376 384 392 400 408 416 424 432 440 448 456 464 472 480 488 496 504 201 209 217 225 233 241 249 257 265 273 281 289 297 305 313 321 329 337 345 353 361 369 377 385 393 401 409 417 425 433 441 449 457 465 473 481 489 497 505 202 210 218 226 234 242 250 258 266 274 282 290 298 306 314 322 330 338 346 354 362 370 378 386 394 402 410 418 426 434 442 450 458 466 474 482 490 498 506 203 211 219 227 235 243 251 259 267 275 283 291 299 307 315 323 331 339 347 355 363 371 379 387 395 403 411 419 427 435 443 451 459 467 475 483 491 499 507 204 212 220 228 236 244 252 260 268 276 284 292 300 308 316 324 332 340 348 356 364 372 380 388 396 404 412 420 428 436 444 452 460 468 476 484 492 500 508 205 213 221 229 237 245 253 261 269 277 285 293 301 309 317 325 333 341 349 357 365 373 381 389 397 405 413 421 429 437 445 453 461 469 477 485 493 501 509 206 214 222 230 238 246 254 262 270 278 286 294 302 310 318 326 334 342 350 358 366 374 382 390 398 406 414 422 430 438 446 454 462 470 478 486 494 502 510 207 215 223 231 239 247 255 263 271 279 287 295 303 311 319 327 335 343 351 359 367 375 383 391 399 407 415 423 431 439 447 455 463 471 479 487 495 503 511 used for indoor site used for boundary site

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