EE577/EE977 Wind Energy and Distributed Energy Resources EE988 Power Systems and Wind Integration Tutorial questions,

October 2013
Dr. Olimpo Anaya-Lara

Question 1
A DFIG-based wind turbine is operating at 1686 rpm at unity power factor. The generator parameters are (all quantities referred to the stator): Rotor resistance, Rr = 0.001309 Stator resistance, Rs = 0.001164 Rotor self reactance, X r = 0.9647 Stator self reactance, X s = 0.963 Mutual reactance, X m = 0.941 With stator voltage, Vs = (398.4 + j 0.0 ) V and rotor voltage, Vr = ( 50.43 j 7.18) V perform the following: a) b) c) d) e) f) Calculate the operating slip of the generator (it is a 4-pole generator) Draw the approximate steady state equivalent circuit for the DFIG. Calculate the rotor current Demonstrate that the DFIG is operating at unity power factor. Show that P r sP s Calculate the electrical torque

Question 2
A 600 kW induction generator is connected to a 690-Volt system. Using approximations on the equivalent circuit of the induction generator, calculate the following: i) The slip at rated output power ii) The maximum fault contribution (in MVA) from the generator to a three phase short circuit at the point of connection.
Induction machine data Power Factor at rated output: Star equivalent circuit parameters Stator leakage reactance: Rotor leakage reactance: Rotor resistance: Magnetising reactance: 0.9 0.0750 ohms 0.0900 ohms 0.0065 ohms 3.25 ohms

Question 3.
A 500-kW, 690-Volt induction generator has a power factor at full output of 0.88. It is connected to a 690-Volt system with a 10-MVA fault level and an X/R ratio of 1. Power factor correction of 250 kVAr is located at the terminals of the generator. Using a 1-MVA base, calculate the change in voltage from nominal when the generator is operating at full output with: i) The power factor correction capacitors connected ii) The power factor correction capacitors not connected Note: You may use the approximate expression for voltage change in a circuit but then justify this simplification.

Question 4
A three phase, 690V, star connected, 50Hz, four pole wound rotor induction generator is used for a new model wind turbine. It operates at a nominal speed of 1570rpm when the rotor windings are short-circuited whilst generating rated power. It has the following parameters per phase: R1 = 0.3 R2 = 0.2 X1 = X 2 = 0.6 Xm = 50 For the given machine: (a) Derive the Thevenin equivalent circuit parameters (Vth, Rth & Xth) for this machine. (b) Find the value of machine electromagnetic torque developed at nominal speed and the corresponding input power factor? (c) How much external resistance per phase should be connected in the rotor circuit such that maximum torque occurs at a speed of 1800rpm (i.e. in generating mode)? Additionally, determine the input power factor at this new operating speed and conclude by commenting whether operating the generator under squirrel cage (part b)) or variable rotor resistance operation is preferable.