be found in the cotections

of rmam ar-B'khari or
Muslim. According to the
lbadis, the most
Criticismof HadithFound fn
rrustwofttry chain is Rabi ibn
Ubaida from Jabir from any
Habeeb from Abu Sahihal-Bukharior Sahlh
Companion. These
up a great portion of the .bou. Musfim.
T*r cotection.
According to the lbadis, after this
cote.tion .Lr.,
sahih ar-Bukhari, sahih Musrim obviousryno humanbeing,saverhose
and the other wer- Arrrrr hu
known coilections arthough they ch-osento protect,-iscompletety
do not admit that safe fromio*,
all that is in the works ofai-Bukhariand mistakesor forgetfulness.Therefore,
rnr*ri,n.r. it should not
necessarily authentic. I be surprisingthat somescholarsof
hadith,suchu
contemporary scholar, Muhammad ar-Daraqurriand Abu Ari ar-Jayani
.A Nasir al_Din ar-Ghasrur,
al-Albani, is. also collecting have gone through sahih ar-Buklurri
a targe nuri., of and sahlh
authentic hadith together in a work Musrim with a fine-toothed comb
entitled Silsilat to check rtr
al-Ahadith ar-,sahiha. He arso uses authenticity. such schorarshavecomeup wih 00ma
the term sahihto
meirn both sahih and hassan The two hundred nren$ hadith (of whichinty
work "iir *ioin
some 4,000 hadith and is being pubrished eighty may beTafound in Unin aLButhari)U,",
in vorumes noy
of five hundred hadith each. tb feelcanbecriticized.But critics may
a"t., four vorumes arsobewron3.
have been pubrished. The best 11f.a.,, ibn Hajr hasrefutedmany of
aspect of this work is the criricismr
that af-Albani gives a comple of ttresahih ofar-Bukhari in his introduction
te nhtreej of the to urd
comrnentaryon thatwork. Al_Iraqi,
fadith, i.e., he states everyone who recorded the ibn al_Salah and
hadith and he discussesthe narrators al-Nawawi have arso perfo*.a'
in the chain. He simirar job, f",
also has some other collection sahih Musrim- Some ichoran have
s, Sahih al_Jami al- craimed rhar
Sagheer, fuhih Sunan ibn Majahand there are some hadith n sattih Musrim
the ,*i to U" that have
published &hih sunan at-Tirmidhi brokenchains-Rasheedar-Attarrefurca
andfuhk s"r-n suchcraims
al-Nosai. But from a specialists, point hadithby hadith.
ofview, these
lafter works are not as valuable Thehadithtrat arecriticizedin the
as he offers no nyo coilections
discussion of the different may be classifiedas follows:
hadith but he simply
-----r
stateswhether the hadith is sahihor (l) criticism of the addition
not.t or deretionof some
Al-Baghdadi and ar-Hakim Abu niuratorsin the chain.If someone
Abdutatr cat at- hasbeenaropp.a
Tirmidhi's coilection of hadith from the chain, the chain becomes
sahihbut this is not broken and
proper at it contains many shouldbc considcredweak.For example,
hadith which * ,".L. the story
Similar is the case with al-Nasai,s pl 9" rwo graveswas rclated by al-Amash from
collection or Mujahid from Tawus from ibn
Ahmad's Mwnadalthough both Abbas. Al-
ofthese works have
been referred to, orfoccasion, Daraquhi, in his criticism, says
u sahih. that this chain
differs from what MuammarretateA
as he narrated
it directly from Mujatrid on the
authority of ibn
-
'il;J',i"l3l;1iffi1'"fl;;::;Tilffi"[:ffi,fl0;n.:::1ji:I^::l.l"1f
ffi:i"11"'l?I:i3ill",lHrmrpitm#r,ilFs?:*4ET,}i]$H:1ffi
;?$*""f1
tndrrnlai
,fls:ffi
jt$fi :- tl..-

T",ff
nffix-:
-.
thatmeetanorhe/scriteriabur
,rShams
p. 35.
al-Din w*lxxwly":ffiifl=ffiJ,,;ytr"i{M,T_H*;
Ar-sakniwii,-iiiiZtii,6#;#""Wy:fl:#ffff;?,irfli;J|;il;i?'JLll,rrrlr,"_;;;;,
Qlra-- -l Fl:- ^r ^

,,
tlAhrr l.lalia ;a- l-r:!L--

l:il":#i;',[:lii,:'if frjT,fliT,L$;,.':r:*[,-g,Bierur,lsE4),vor.1,pp.3e-42
,ffi5.t"Sl;ff
l,['Ii:',xfg;;n'u:1:flli**#1fi1#f:ffi:i[fihf:"#,J,ifi":"1]at?"',fii1-,o
r r ilT3l?Sahr,ibnKtuzaimtiuJril'l'rffi
f b i d, .p . 2 2 .
ralhirl s )') i'lXTi::;:8,1f?ffi:r'll
'',!ffJ'lT:"f,ft1T';#'ffn['ff,th:,El"ffilr,:]T":T:T:rs
ed'ion
ofthe
l:"lig Safrh tbn Khuzai" iiiii-frYr
r cr,
cr
A caai-l

Muhammao
, r'arn"r';; ion
6-

yusufAffivish
l
,ff
l"^rybrflef
:r
safirh
*hi#^Y!,2r';
*:tiF""iarmf,xx*,i*;:brl'y:::L$T$s::Tff{fr",lEr'
re
and, u''E'rr'-t'r^€s In ule text' The book
alsynan,-redan,
il' i,"uftffiffi:'r;,;;f":,;Z;;#r:Z!"1[iXHl;ffi:\t;:]ho,r"*
;::trix2:l:tf?l 1ss7).
is Abdul/

)
7.
z But he almost always gives
Rrli ha aln^-r -L--^..-
rr";;;: ;;;::
a reference to where a complete
discussbn of the hadirh may be bund.
 FeatureM

Abbas (i.e., without

Tawus). At_Bukhari records
chain which does the Maeensay that there is
not mention Tawus. no probremwith him
Daraqumi This, af- Abu Hatimacceptshim and
argues,
is a q,peoia"r*i. il" *i.jr, ashonestbut mistakeprone.
longdiscussion ," . The second.chainth;;baraqumi
or tnis-irlitr, andits criricism, criticizes is
showsthat ail of the "*ri"" ubaly ibn Abbasftom
arethiqa,havenot 'Ji ib" saadfrom his father
beenaccused of tadr isrnJiii.r known from his gran-dfadrer.
ro havemet ar--oLqutni cated ubayy
one another'Therefore' weakbut ibn'ajrstrowea
it is very possibtethat tr,"i he is supportedin this
Muja'id heard the hadith hadith by the-n.rr",ion--Jf
aom both Tawus and ni, brorher Abdul
directry from ibn Abbas. Muhaimin.
ai;.. both- --- chains
-"8"'r are
probablycorrect,thereis (5) Someofthe narrators
no aaear.| mayhavehadsomedoubt
(2) Someofthe hadith cast upon ,!",ln, especiall
in the two sahihshave i aV the very tough
criticizedbecause been jy! and'ndeei.i
in one.t.irr. certainperson
was Th?tT ot ,rr" inhoductionto
mentionedwhife in another Farh al-Bari,.ibn Hajr
chain, difi;;;;;", dil;; eachnarratorthar
wasmentioned'rf thereis has beencriticized. Agrffy,
no way to discoverwhich dris is
chain is correcl th: "rgui"n, personar j uristicrcasoning. gukl,oia questionof
srates,the hadith ii- andMusrim
shoutdbe considgrgda rd;C;eak werc expertsofjarh maia&,.na
asmudhtar,r6. hadithknown that their conciusiont ii"an'b#;*"
This is noinecessarily "uo* ,r,esenamatorswere
highly possibrethat the rr.ait-il* *.. Fi"i i, i, soundones.,
sourcesandtherewould comefrom both (6) Hadith in which
no probfem*i,f,,r.i-an different words are used
o c c u r r e n c e .S e c o n d ,!e different narration,or tr,, in
if both of the ,oui.., liaii
m e n t i o n e d. 1 . , o f t h e
h i g h e s ta . g d - o f
there
.*irt,io conhadicti"*
,h1; tt"HTril,iltf
trustworthinessandprofi Only if there is no way to
cien.y,jt w i || notaffectth reconcilethe differences
hadith rcgardtessoF which e can this be considereda Aefeci
;H:.:irhe il*,,y Ahmad Shakir poinb ou,
n* when al-Daraquhi
(3) Some of the hadith criticized thesahih n^aii
are criricized because
they oi J_gohrrrt o, U*ir^,
contain additionaf words he was ging to show
that are not mentioned o"i-trro* particurarhadith
other niurators who by wenenot from
nara,J ir,. same hadith.
long as there is no .ono"i;.tion As
benyeen the two
had
i,h,
d;aH"ili':,9:#ttrj
5]illi|#rf
narrations, this is not Muslim shourdnot have-
necessarirya sign of
a defect. iniuded them in their
(4) Some hadith coflections.It was not
have b".; accused
of being necessarilythe casethat
sof itary (Ar., ghareeb)ana considercdthesehadith he
c-o-Jng only *om a weak ,rrt i for many hadi&,
narrator' There exists af-Daraqunrisimptysaia
onry two such hadith in
the two mtJ-Bnkhari or Musrim
Sahihs and tht should have recordedit
evidence,"
*ffiflffi #,*T":TJ#il,il fr.;;ain X insteadof
arongrrat d," rextofthe hadith
chainof tsmaeiiun Ail ,rti;ilrl:fmittingatl
uJi fr.m Marik*om
Zaid ibn Aslam from hi, Ibn al-salahpointsout tru
fbth; hasbeencriticized r*: of the principles
by al-Daraquhibecause that at-Daraqutri UrrJ
rr. .o"tiaers Ismaerto be fr-ir..CIi.,r,- on ilrc weak
weak.Ibn Hajr pointedout andrejectedby majority ofthe scholars.,
thattsmaelisnottheonly $g Buq as
onewho reratedthereferreo ibn Hajr note4 trt.*rrnot
to i"am but itwas arso "l;;s
relaredby Man ibn Isa in ibn Hajr's opinion, ;N;;'"li"v, the case.In fact,
frorn Marik. F'rthermore, is the defect
al-NasaicarfedIsmaer..at hidden. Most of th"'times
*iit. nnrra and ibn ,f,. ,"rponse to the
criticism is obviousurd
ne defed is refirable. In
a
-
hasdainedhasa brokendrain
andibnHairhasshowntharir
"2 I* :,F-l!?-l.af-Daraqutni
rot a docsnor,sceaf-syuti
, Tdfb,
:r*:'eo'il:=rll'll,''r*iJ;ffi
gencral rer

p.5 *FIffi *rffi#$#i#fl

r See Muqbatibn I

s cf" Muhy af-Dinal-Nawawi di#ftH;:,"'"::Knva

' Me Tams ilaihi Hajat al-eari
tiehih ar-rmamar-gukhari(f,fakkah:
Dar af€az), p. 67.

Sept.-Oct. t ggg
J. Zanbozo - page I
AI-Basleer
 very few cases the responses
are unsound.,,, his claim and showed the fallacy
Elsewhere, commenting upon of his argument.
a hadith that al_ Scholar s such as al - M undhi r i
Daraqurricriticized, he statei,,.Its at- n{aqai s i , al -
defect is clearand Nawawi, ibn Hajr and al_Albani
the response [to the criticism] have used their
is abnorm"i."o
unsound."t Al-Nawawi, in his commenhry knowledge ro crassifi hadith rong
after,r,. plring
to Sahih of the heyday of the sciences of hadith.
Muslim also acceptedar-Daraquhi's
criticism on a Nur al-Din Atar makes the point
few occasions. that the grading
ofhadith today is not as simpleas
Among the schorars that have criticized some people think-
- a few especially with respect to sponing
hadith from rhese collections is ibn defetts. H. ro,.,
faimiyal nt- that if a person is far away fi.;
Albani has also declared some, very the time of ,n.
few, of *re niurators of the hadith, he should
hadith in these collections to be weak.. not think that it is
a simple thing just to go to the books
What ibn al-Salah said is still correct ofnarrators and
"Everything though, then start making judgments about
in the nro sahihsis considered certain the hadith. one
should be especially careful, he says,
knowledge save for the few hadith when it comes
that have Ueen to contradicting the concrusions
criticized by the hadith scholars.,, of the earry and
Ibn Hajr utro,,."J, great schorars. In fact, one
a s i m i l a r s t a t e m e n t . tS h a k i r shourd not state with
concludes that certainty that a hadith is sahih- if the
everything in the two sahilts earrier scholars
may be considered did not oy ro-..lut-should say,
sahih. like what al-Syuti
recommended, ..the
hadith is sahih,Allah wiffini.,;a
His discussion is probably meant
to be a direcr
Gradinga Hadithas criticism of Atar's contemporary
point he makes is an important
al_Albani. The
one though. Many
Sahih Today Ir.:
the early scholars irad berween
Prophet only two, three or four
them and the
narrators. For
exampfe, a gpical chain n Sahih
al_Buklun may
A n y h a d i th , w h e th e r re l ated consist of his teacher, his teacher,s
by al- Bukhar i, teachei, a
Muslim, al-Hakim or anyone else, Follower and a Companion. Therefore,
shnds on its own it was much
merit. To say that a hadith is sahihtakes easier to really know the personality
. gr.ui d..t and the
of research *l knowledge and mistakes of each person in the
then, nriafy, on. chain. They L;*
must make tjtehad to make a final pronoun.-"rn"n, their teachers on a personal
on the hadith. Ibn ar-sararr was and direct level.
of the opinion ii"t, Obviously, much of thi detailed
information that is
1nthe:un. way that the door to ijtehadwas closed anained by personal contact cannot
all be captured
in the field ofjurisprudence,6 it in the books of ttre niurators.
shourd arso be crosed Therefore, the early
in the field of hadith. He fert that scholars' pronouncements on
no one reached the hadith (especially
level of knowledge of the early with respect to defects) should
scholars and, not be taken'lightf.
therefore, no one was qualified Caution should especially be
to call a hadith taken because of
( w h i c h no e a rri e r sch o ra r
h ad decr ar ed to i" certain defects that may not be
as noticeabre to the
authentic) sahih., Al_Nawawi scholars of today as they were
and al_lraqi ,en trA to the schorars of thc
-
r fbn Hajr, Hactyu, p 393.
z lbid., b. gZO.
s SeeAhmad ibnTaimiya,Maimuat
Fata.wi(Riyadh: Dar al-,1fra,_tgzg),
c see' forexample'al.Albani'silo7ii.. vol.l.E, p,
aroia6ii, uJ. i, p. glo'oir&. iinlvibr,, 72 ailvol. 13, p. 353.
s Hadyu,p 19. u"iaii'"lrrr.r,r, 1987),p. r33r.
e This was a oomm.olmisconception
z Al-svuu and ibn Hajrhave o;g J;ssionsdurin_g agel of Musr'n history.
!."__d:rk
over the "i:l11tt*g
lhat latErscholrrs coufdcall aiaoith Dassan ;f il;"isatatrt rrrtenrent. For eHmpb, dH h. ,n rn
out not uninr 1ct., xf,.roii'.mr,o.
af-Daral-saudiva'19E5)'vol' Z'pp' o, eJii tnflaf ar-Muhoditheen(Jrddr:
ergr'l rnt .rti"r ooes not feeitr,"itir.l,
an irnponinii"tt"r to forow up on.
Erthrr
i:,^!:'fi';[:ilJif:,il:i:ili##:ff"*n:gtf:f:,il:Sj,:,*sion orat,orrhc
e Atar,p.281.
s.r,oien
6"sir'bn