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Purpose
A mission statement is spelled out to narrate what the organization is about. It talks about what the company is right now. It lists the broad goals for which the company is formed. It discusses in details what the company does, what the structure is and what its plans are.
A vision statement talks about what the company wants to be. It describes what the "vision" of the company is for its future. It lists where the company sees itself some years from now.
Features
Features of an effective vision statement include: Clarity and lack of ambiguity Paint a vivid and clear picture, not ambiguous Describing a bright future (hope) Memorable and engaging expression Realistic aspirations, achievable Alignment with organizational values and culture Time bound if it talks of achieving any goal or objective Features of an effective mission statement are: Purpose and values of the organization Which business the organization wants to be in (products or services, market) or who are the organization's primary "clients" (stakeholders) Which are the responsibilities of the organization towards these "clients" What are the main objectives which support the company in accomplishing its mission
Time frame
While a mission statement talks about the present, the vision statement talks about the future. The former mentions what the company is now while the latter describes what the company wants to become in the future. A vision statement mentions what the future will look like for the company if it follows the mission statement.
Developing a statement
When developing a mission statement, it should be seen that the following questions are answered: What do we do today? For whom do we do it? What is the benefit? When developing a vision statement, it should be seen that the following questions are answered: What do we want to do going forward? When do we want to do it? How do we want to do it?