1. Why did Thomas Jefferson oppose Alexander Hamiltons plan to establish the National Bank? A.

Jefferson believed that establishing the National Bank unfairly benefited western land speculators. B. Jefferson worried that establishing the National Bank would be expensive and would delay congressional funding to purchase the Louisiana Territory. C. Jefferson feared that establishing the National Bank made it easier for local banks to foreclose on small farms. D. Jefferson felt that establishing the National Bank was an unconstitutional act that unnecessarily strengthened federal power. 2. What did George Washington warn against in his Farewell Address? A. He recommended a two-year term limit for the office of president. B. He appointed himself commander of the Continental Army. C. He warned against foreign entanglements and alliances. D. He appointed his vice president, John Adams, to the presidency. 3. What qualification did states generally require for voting in the United States prior to 1820? A. religious affiliation B. property ownership C. immigration status D. political party membership 4. What was the main issue America had with Britain during the War of 1812? A. B. C. D. violations of the neutrality of American ships refusal of France to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States closing of the port of New Orleans by the Spanish attempts by the British to invade the United States from Canada

5. In the United States prior to 1820, which was the primary conflict between white settlers and American Indians? A. conversion to Catholicism B. use of land C. navigation of the Mississippi River D. protection of animals

6. Which best describes Abraham Lincolns main goal at the beginning of the Civil War? A. preserving the Union B. emancipating slaves C. destroying the concept of states rights D. punishing Confederate states 7. Which group most strongly supported a harsh punishment of the South after the Civil War? A. recent immigrants B. Radical Republicans C. southern Democrats D. sharecroppers 8. Which event best marks the end of the Reconstruction period in the South? A. All southern states had met the requirements set by Congress for statehood. B. President Grant chose not to run for reelection to a third term as president. C. The Radical Republicans in Congress decided that Reconstruction was a failure and a waste of government funds. D. Republican Rutherford B. Hayes made a deal in order to defeat Democrat Samuel Tilden in the presidential election. 9. Which was the major reason people migrated to the western United States during the nineteenth century? A. B. C. D. economic opportunity religious persecution de facto segregation industrial revolution

10. How did the invention of barbed wire transform the economy of the American West in the 1870s and 1880s? A. Many factories emerged in the West to manufacture the wire. B. The enclosure of the plains into farms and ranches ended the era of the great cattle drives from Texas to railroads in Kansas and Nebraska. C. Cattle production declined because herds no longer had free rein over the prairies. D. Major meat-packing facilities moved from Chicago and Cincinnati to Abilene and Dodge City.

11. Which factory fire became known as the worst work place disaster until September 11, 2001? A. B. C. D. Square Box Company Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Riveter Factory None of the above

12. Privately owned U.S. railroads used monopolistic practices between 1870 and 1900. How did farmers respond? A. They tried to develop other ways to move their crops to market. B. They boycotted railroads that charged unfair rates. C. They supported the adoption of the gold standard. D. They organized groups such as the Grange and the Populist Party to work for reforms. 13. What was the most significant economic impact of immigration in the late 1800s? A. Factories had a steady supply of cheap labor. B. Immigrants invested money to start new businesses. C. Farm production increased. D. Demand for manufactured goods declined. 14. Which best explains the objective of the Lewis and Clark expedition? A. to become the first Americans to navigate the Rio Grande River B. to destroy the power of American Indians along the Missouri River C. to defeat the French and take control of the Louisiana Territory for the United States D. to map and explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase 15. What artistic trend reflected a growing sense of nationalism in the 1820s and 1830s? A. U.S. painters offered affordable portraits and U.S. landscapes to the public. B. U.S. authors wrote novels that glorified sophisticated British society. C. Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin became one of the best-selling novels of the nineteenth century. D. Currier and Ives designed and sold greeting cards featuring unique seascapes.

17. Which person is most associated with prison and mental health reform? A. Dorothea Dix B. Lucretia Mott C. Theodore Weld D. Elizabeth Stanton 18. What stimulated the growth of labor unions in the United States during the Industrial Revolution? A. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 proved to be ineffective. B. Workers were subjected to low pay and poor working conditions. C. Progressives were elected to Congress in large numbers after 1890. D. The federal government supported railroad workers in the Baltimore and Ohio railroad strike. 19. Who was most supportive of labor unions? A. Andrew Carnegie B. William McKinley C. Eugene Debs D. Grover Cleveland 20. Which muckraker is known for exposing abuses in the oil industry? A. Jacob Riis B. Lincoln Steffens C. Ida Tarbell D. Upton Sinclair 21. During the late 1800s, which innovation helped sell the vast array of U.S. products? A. mail-order catalogs B. television commercials C. radio advertising D. magazine advertising

22. Which group supported the prohibition of alcohol during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? A. the transcendentalists B. the abolitionists C. the Womens Christian Temperance Union D. the National American Women Suffrage Association 23. How was Abraham Lincolns victory in the 1860 presidential election a turning point in American history? A. Lincoln won the majority of electoral votes but not a majority of the popular vote. B. A coalition of Whigs, Know-Nothings, and Democrats ran a strong third-party candidate. C. The Crittenden Compromise attempted to resolve tensions aroused by the election. D. Lincolns victory prompted Southern secession and the Civil War that followed. 24. How were the lives of many Chinese immigrants affected by the transcontinental railroad? A. They were given jobs to plan the transcontinental railroad, but they were underpaid. B. They were employed to build the railroad tracks, but they also suffered from discrimination. C. They used factories to manufacture railroad tracks and ties, and they became economically and politically powerful. D. They used the transcontinental railroad to travel west to search for gold, but they had to leave their families behind. 25. How did some families benefit from the Homestead Act of 1862? A. It allowed families to move to Alaska to mine for gold. B. It provided tax-free land for families to settle in the Northwest Territory. C. It gave each settler that moved west thirty acres of farmland, a mule, and a plow. D. It provided each settler with 160 acres of land. 26. How did the end of the U.S. Civil War affect American politics? A. Legislation passed that supported property rights and due process for women. B. Legislation passed that established voting rights for American Indians. C. Legislation passed that provided citizenship and legal protections for freed slaves. D. Legislation passed that enhanced individual states rights.

27. Education, then, beyond all other devices of human origin, is the great equalizer of the conditions of menthe balance-wheel of the social machinery. . . . But I mean that it gives each man the independence and the means by which he can resist the selfishness of other men. Twelfth Annual Report of Horace Mann as Secretary of Massachusetts State Board of Education, 1848 According to Horace Mann, why was education an important institution for Americans? A. It created a spirit of nationalism. B. It inspired citizens to actively participate in government. C. It encouraged equality of opportunity within society. D. It supported equity in the workplace. 28. As a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are involved, the American continents, . . . by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers. President James Monroes annual message to Congress, 1823 How did President Monroes message influence U.S. foreign policy? A. It changed from isolationism and neutrality to imperialism. B. It declared free market economies for the American continents. C. It increased colonization by the United States on the European continent. D. It warned European nations not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. 29. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Fourteenth Amendment, 1868

How did the Fourteenth Amendment affect the American legal system? A. It required that laws be applied equally to all citizens. B. It granted citizenship to all residents of the United States. C. It ensured that a state could not take a citizens personal property. D. It extended the concept of community standards to state laws. 30. That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom. Abraham Lincoln, A Proclamation, January 1, 1863 How was issuing the Emancipation Proclamation a turning point in the Civil War? A. It proposed a peace treaty with the Confederate states. B. It established a Freedmens Bureau to help freed slaves. C. It provided a plan for Reconstruction. D. It freed slaves in the Confederate states. 31. What did Marbury v. Madison establish? A. Midnight Judgment. B. Judicial Review. C. Carpe Diem. D. Writs of Assistance. 32. What is the importance of Pinckneys Treaty? A. B. C. D. It allowed for America to acquire French lands in Canada. It gave America control of the Mississippi River. It did nothing of importance. It established homesteads for American settlers in the West.

33. Native Americans were forced West on which of the following? A. B. C. D. Trail of Death. Jacksons Trail. Trail of Tears. None of the Above.

34. What was the result of the publication of Uncle Toms Cabin? A. B. C. D. Northerners were outraged by slavery in the South. Southerners released their slaves. The Civil War ended after bitter fighting. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

35. Which of the following is known as the single bloodiest day of the Civil War? A. B. C. D. Battle of Gettysburg. Battle of Bull Run. Battle of Cold Harbor. Antietam.

36. Hear me, my chiefs! I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever. Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce Tribe Which of the following best describes the quote above? A. B. C. D. Chief Joseph was angry at oil industries for exploiting the Northwest. Chief Joseph held disgust for other Nez Perce Indians. Chief Joseph was tired of fighting the U.S. Army and white settlers as they took land. Chief Joseph was falling ill after contracting smallpox.

37. The image below best matches which following statements?

A. B. C. D.

Mexican Americans were a main ethnic group in America during the 1800s. Native Americans were often sent to schools to become Americans or White. Schools during the 1800s were very formal. Class sizes were much smaller and test scores much higher.

38. Which of the following best describes the image below?

A. B. C. D.

Farmers considered themselves to be the main provider of food to everyone in America. Farmers were extremely selfish and wanted more money for their crops. Farmers were very self centered. Farmers did not do their jobs adequately.

39. Which statement best describes the image below?

A. B. C. D.

Children during the Gilded Age slept anywhere they saw fit. Poverty, homelessness, and disease were very common in cities during the late 1800s. Children were the only people affected by homelessness. None of the above.

40. Which of the following was Americas belief that it was to settle from the East to the West Coast? A. B. C. D. Manifest Destiny. Monroe Doctrine. Missouri Compromise. Freeport Doctrine.

41. Describe two advantages or disadvantages that the North or South had before the Civil War.

42. Describe how the cities such as Chicago and New York were able to grow rapidly during the late 1800s and early 1900s.

43. What was one invention that allowed for people to survive and succeed in the West.

44. Describe what Helen Hunt Jacksons Book, A Century of Dishonor, was about.

45. Describe the major differences between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists.

Answers: 1: D. Jefferson felt that establishing the National Bank was an unconstitutional act that unnecessarily strengthened federal power. 2: C. He warned against foreign entanglements and alliances.

3: B. property ownership. 4. A. violations of the neutrality of American ships. 5. B. use of land. 6. A. preserving the Union. 7. B. Radical Republicans. 8. D. Republican Rutherford B. Hayes made a deal in order to defeat Democrat Samuel Tilden in the presidential election. 9. A. economic opportunity. 10. B. The enclosure of the plains into farms and ranches ended the era of the great cattle drives from Texas to railroads in Kansas and Nebraska. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. B. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory D. They organized groups such as the Grange and the Populist Party to work for reforms A. Factories had a steady supply of cheap labor. D. to map and explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase. A. U.S. painters offered affordable portraits and U.S. landscapes to the public. A. Dorothea Dix. B. Workers were subjected to low pay and poor working conditions. C. Eugene Debs. C. Ida Tarbell. A. mail-order catalogs. C. the Womens Christian Temperance Union. D. Lincolns victory prompted Southern secession and the Civil War that followed.

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

A. They were given jobs to plan the transcontinental railroad, but they were underpaid. D. It provided each settler with 160 acres of land. C. Legislation passed that provided citizenship and legal protections for freed slaves. C. It encouraged equality of opportunity within society. D. It warned European nations not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. B. It granted citizenship to all residents of the United States. D. It freed slaves in the Confederate states. B. Judicial Review. B. It gave America control of the Mississippi River. C. Trail of Tears. A. Northerners were outraged by slavery in the South. D. Antietam. C. Chief Joseph was tired of fighting the U.S. Army and white settlers as they took land B. Native Americans were often sent to schools to become Americans or White.

38. A. Farmers considered themselves to be the main provider of food to everyone in America. 39. 40. B. Poverty, homelessness, and disease were very common in cities during the late 1800s. A. Manifest Destiny.