Hanumaan as a management expert:

DearSreeVaishNavaPerunthagaiyeer,

TheinspirationtowritethisarticleisourrespectedSrimaan AnbilRamaswamyofUSA.IntheveryfirstparaIwanttoseek hisblessingstostartwritingonthistopic. THEINCIDENT:whenAnbilSwamyvisitedIndiaduringlateApril andfirsthalfofMaythisyear2012,Hecalledmeoverphone andsaidIwouldliketomeetyouinaplaceinMylaporewhere Iamlikelytovisitintheevening.WhenImethim,first thingheaskedmehey,whyyouarenotwritingarticles. Iamprivilegedtostatehere,that,wheneverSwamyvisitsIndia hecallsme,blessesme,andthendoallotherroutinetalking. ImmediatelyIdecidedtoobeySreeSwamyandresultisthis writeup,besidesearlieroneof'seethaahuggingraama'in5 partsorposts. COINCIDENCE:WasitacoincidencethatSriAnjaneyalualso raisedagoodquestioninSreemadhRaamaayaNam?Orisita blessingfromSreeAnbilSwamyaswellasperumaaLthiruuLLam thatforcedmetodoagoodresearchtolinkthetwoslokams, whichwerecitedailyintheperumaalthiruaaraadhanakramam. Thenextisthis'management'topicwhichwasinmymindfor quitealongtimeanddidnotattempttotakeashape.I, earlier,wroteanothermanagementseries[30posts].ThenIwas broachingonthisheading'Hanumaan,themanagementteacher'. Butthatdidnottakeshape. Now,withtwoRaamaas'blessingsIsittwoRaamaas?yes,one realSreeRaama,mysupremeandanotherrespectedAnbil Raamaswaamymaamaa,Istartthisnewtopic.Iamnotsurehow manypoststhistopicwillrunto. ThoughIstartedothertopicof'puthravaanchai'earlierbased onmahaabharatham,Icouldnottakeuptologicalcompletionof thattopic,whichIhopeIwilldoshortly. NOTE:AsIstatedinmyearlierarticleon'sreemadhraamaayaNam andmodernmanagement',myattemptis,toprovethatalltheso calledmodernmanagementpointsarealreadyexistingin

sreemadhraamaayanam.Onlywehavetosiftandtakethose diamonds. Nowwearegoingtoseehowtheteacherinhanumaangivesout hislessonstooneandall.Thiswillalsoprovenothingnewor greatisbeingtalkedaboutnow,bythesocalledgreatmodern management

'consultants', 'specialists', 'analysts',or 'thinkers'.

INTRODUCTION:Hanumaanisgoingtobetheteacherforus, teaching'modern'management.Nowfewquestionsarise

1.Whatisthebasicqualificationforanyonetobeateacher?

Firstofalltheteachermustbeagoodtalker. Secondhemustbepossessinggoodknowledgeofthesubject, aboutwhichheisgoingtospeakortalkaspartofteaching.

2.Whyhehastobeagoodtalker?

Forallthelessonsaretobegiventhroughtheartoftalking [letitbeoldentimesormoderntimes].Histeachingisgoing todependonhisoratoryskills.Wecanpresumethatinolden daystheteachercouldnothaveusedallthepresentationmedium liketheslideprojectors,videoandaudiorecordingsystems, touchscreenstomoveslidesetcwhatwehavetoday.certainly talkingwasthewayofteaching.[thatiswhyvEdhamiscalled sruthi,taughtthrumouthandheardbyears.'srotha'hearer hearsandretainswhatheheardandthatis'sruthi']

Maybethetalkerorspeaker'spresentationskillswillalso comeintodisplaywhenhestartslecturingonasubject.Then onlyhecanbeagoodteacher.

3.Ishanumaanthatwayidentifiedorstatedinsreemadh raamaayaNamasagood'talker',tobetheteacherforusto teachmanagement?

Itisnicetolearnfromsreevaalmeeki,the'aadhikavi'the firstpoet,introducingthecharacterofSreeHanumaan[inthe kaavyam]asvaakhyakovidha:translatedas'ablestsentence maker'. Reference1: thatha:thubhayasanthrasthamvaalikilbishasankitham| uvaachahanumaanvaakyamsugreevamvaakyakOvidha:||4213 meaning:ThenHanumaan,theablestsentencemaker,saidthis sentencetoSugreevawhoisdismayedwithfeardoubtingVaali's mischief.[4213] Thisisthefirstslokaminthekaavyamtointroducehanumaan intothestory.Onthisword'kovidha'MonierWilliamsSanskrit Englishdictionaryreads kovidakovidamf()n.(vid)experienced,skilled,learnedin (loc.,gen.,orifc.,e.g.aveu,oravnmoravakovida, 'skilledinhorses')Mn.vii,26MBh.R.&c Sohanumaanisskilledinmakingsentences.Seeanotherslokam Reference2: EvamukthvaathuhanumaanthouveerouraamalakshhmaNou| 24 vaakyajnOvaakyakusala:puna:nauvaachakinchana||43

meaning:SayingthustothosevalorousRaamaandLakshmaNa, Hanumaan,thesententiouswordsmith,spokenothingfurther.[4 324] Note:seeusageofepithetsforhanumaan

vaakyajna:meansknowerofsentences vaakyakusala:competentinorskillfulinsentences GoingbacktoMonierWilliamsagain,thisword'kusala means

kalamf()n.(gaas sidhmdi,rey-di,andramadi) right,proper,suitable,good(e.g.kualaman,to considergood,approveAitBr.khr.) well,healthy,ingoodcondition,prosperousR.&c fitfor,competent,able,skilful,clever,conversantwith (loc.[P. 2-3, 40 ChUp. Mn. &c.], gen. [P. 2-3, 40 Yj. ii, 181], inf. Bh., orincomp.[gaa audi (am),n.welfare,wellbeing,prosperouscondition, happinessTUp.Gaut.p.MBh.&c.[kualampracch,toask afteranother'swelfare,tosay'howdoyoudo?'Mn.MBh. &c kuala te(optionallywithdat.P. 2-3, 73), 'hail to thee!' (used as a salutation, especially in greeting a Brhman)MBh.&c.] benevolenceR.ii,34,22 virtueL cleverness,competence,abilityPacat (am),ind.well,inapropermanner,properlyChUp (incomp.)g.vispadi happily,cheerfully,(withs,'tobewell')BhP (ena),ind.indueorderGobh.(alsoincomp.kuala)

SowearenowfullyconvincedourteacherHanumaanisagood 'talker'.

4.Makingsenetencesanddeliveringsentencesaredifferent arts:Dearreaders,Youmaynowgetadoubt,oksir,maybehe isabletomakesentencesinhismindorbywritingorinsome suchway.Butwhereistheproofthathehasdeliveredhis sentencesinsomeniceway?

Forthisvaalmeekigivesthisslokam,whenraamaandlakshmaNa heardhanumaantalking.Andwhenhefinishedraamareacts

thamabhyabhaashasoumithrEsugreevasachivamkapim| vaakyajnammadhurai:vaakyai:snEhayukthamarindhama[m]|| 4327 meaning:raamasaystolakshmaNa,"Soumithri,withthisminister ofSugreeva,theknowerofsententiousnessandapleasantworded one,andonewithfriendliness,youexchangepleasantrieswith thatenemydestroyerHanumaan.[4327] point:whenraamasayshanumaanis'vaakyajna:'and'madhurai:, vaakyai:'thatgivesproofofraamaispleasedwiththewaythe sentencesaredelivered.Alsothismadhurai:vaakhai:hastobe usedtwiceoncetohanumaan,oncetolakshmaNasinceheis alsoanother'vaakyakovidha'speltelsewhere.[Moreonthisack ofandbyraamalater] Continuingonthat'FEARNOT'adviceofHanumaantosugreeva thenextquestionis Continuingonandaboutthat'fearnot'lessonfromHanumaan, ourmanagementteacher,letusseewhatisfearandhowfear isclassifiedintodifferenttypes.OfcoursethisisNOTfrom raamaayanam. 9.Whatisfear? 9.1.Answertoabovequestionfromwikipediawebsiteis: quoteFearisadistressingnegativesensationinducedbya perceivedthreat.Itisabasicsurvivalmechanismoccurringin responsetoaspecificstimulus,suchaspainorthethreatof danger.Fearisapparentlyauniversalemotion;allpersons, consciouslyorunconsciously,havefearinsomesort.

Inshort,fearistheabilitytorecognizedangerleadingtoan urgetoconfrontitorfleefromit(alsoknownasthefight or

- flight response). But in extreme cases of fear (horror and terror) a 'freeze or paralysis response' is possible.

"Fearisthebasiccondition,thejobthatwe'reheretodois tolearnhowtoliveinawaythatwe'renotterrifiedallthe time."LucSante"TheHeroicNerd",2006.unquote.

Point:Isitnotafactherethatsugreevahasfearbecuaseofa perceivedthreatfromvaaliintheformofraamaandlakshmaNa seenbyhimfromadistance?

9.2.WhatistheRoleoffearandwhatnext? Fearisreallydesignedtowarnyou.Itisyourbiological securityalarmtokeepyoufromtreadingunknownterritory unprepared.Ifyourediscoverthetrueroleoffearinyour life,youwouldfinditarealfriendintimesofdanger.

Fearisnotmeanttoforbidyou.Itisameanstowarnyoufor earlypreparation.Feartellsyoutothinktwicebeforeyou launchintoanadventure.Itgivesyoutimeoranotherchanceto preparesothatyoucanbebetterequippedthenexttimearound. Thisisthecorrectperspectiveonfear.

9.3.Whataretheclassificationsoffear? 9.3.1.Firstitisdividedintothreetypesas 1. ExternalFear 2. InternalFear 3. SubconsciousFear 9.3.1.1ExternalFear

Usuallycausedbyaspecificeventinone'spastlife.External fearsarecausedbysomethingoutsideofhim/orher.Thisis whensomeonefearsforsomethingspecificlikeflying,spiders, orthenumber13. Itisonlytriggeredunderspecificinstanceswhenone encounterswhatitisthatfrightenshim.Becauseofthe trigger,thesefearsareeasilyrecognized.Mostofthesefears arecausedbysometraumaticeventinthepast.Forinstance,if onegotabitebyaspideratanyoungage,hemightdevelopa phobiaaboutthem.Thatexperiencetaughthimtoavoidthem. 9.3.1.2.InternalFear: Likeexternalfears,thesefearsarealsotriggeredbyevents outsideofaperson.Internalfearsarenotspecifictoany circumstanceandareduetointernalemotions.Thiscanmake theseinternalfearsdifficulttorecognize.Alloftheseare differentcircumstancesaffectedbyonefear.Internalfearsare dangerousbecauseitcanmakeonethinkthatthisfearisjust whooneis.Ifhemissesittoidentifyandovercomethat,these fearscanreallyholdonebackinlife. Thisinternalfearissubclassifiedordetailedinto[again three]

fearoffailure, fearofsuccess, fearofrejection.

9.3.1.3.SubconsciousFear: Otherfearsaresointernaltousethatwedevelopbeliefs aroundthem.Subconsciousfearissimilartointernalfears exceptthatsubconsciousfearsarebelievedtobeapartofwho wereallyare.Subconsciousfearsdevelopintolimitingbeliefs.

POINT:IntheinstanceofSugreeva,heisfearingVaali,his brother,becauseofpastrevengefulactionsfromvaali.Because ofking'spositionofsugreeva,monkeysaccompanyingsugreeva alsogoesinagreementthekingexceptHanumaan.

Hanumaansaidtosugreeva,[whichwesawinearlierpost], "bewildermentbewardedoff.Allofyoudiscardthatgreatfear fromVaaliorhiscruelty.ThereisnoscarefromVaalihereon thisbestmountain,foritisMt.Malaya. [4-2-14] Innextslokamhanumaansaystosugreeva,'youhavethatfear turnedasphobiaandseesthateverywhereeventhoughitis knownthisplaceisMountmalaya'. Dearreaders,underwhichclassificationyouwillplace thisfearofsugreeva?Isit'Externalfear'or'internal fear'or'subconsciousfear'?Youpleasedecide. Myanswerwillbe'Externalfear',becausesugreevahadan incidentinhispreviousdaysfromvaali. 9.3.2.Anotherclassificationoffearwecomeacrossis againfourtypes.Theyare:

HealthyFear: AlarmingFear: DebilitatingFear: The'nofear'guys

9.3.2.1.HealthyFear:Youfearsomeoneyouhighlyrespect.In thissense,fearisabyproductofhiswisdomandhighesteem. Youdont fear the person becauseyouareafraidofhim.Youfearhim becauseheexcitesadmirationandreverence.

9.3.2.2.AlarmingFear:Alarmingfearoccurswhenyousensesome threatordangerinaplace,person,orthing.Theideaisnot tostopyou,buttomakeyouverycarefulinyourundertakings. Theideaistodissuadeyoufrompursuingawrongdirection.

9.3.2.3.DebilitatingFear:Debilitatingfearissynonymousto beingafraid.Insimplewords,itturnsyouintoacoward.It makesyouwanttosuddenlydisappearfromthesituationathand.

Debilitatingfearmakesyougiveupinfightingthethingyoure afraid of.

9.3.2.4.TheNoFearGuys:Therearepeoplewhoseemtobe fearless or at least they claim to be so. Some believe them, but others do not. There are peoplewhoclaimthatbravadoisnottheabsence,butthe conquest,offear.Thismeansfearisstillintact;butbrave peopleareabletoconquertheirfearmasterfully.

POINT:Now,inourcase,sugreevasaid,'Iseethesetwo,raama andlakshmana,astwofearsomesentbyvaalihere,'etc[of coursethoseslokamswerenotquotedastheyarenotfrom Hanumaan,otherwisepostswillbecometoolengthy]whichleadto Hanumaan,ourteacher,reactingtosugreevasaying'fearnot'. Pleasedecideunderwhichclassificationyouwillplace sugreeva'sfearfromtheabove. Myanswerwillbe'Alarmingfear' for sugreeva sees a threat from vaali through these two raama and lakshamaNa seen at a distance from a place where they presently stay.

9.4.Howtodealwiththisfear? Aniceapproachtodealwithfearusing'selfanalysisand development'is: 9.4.1.Approach:Whendealingwithfear,itishelpfulto realizethatnotallfearsarecreatedequal.W.TimothyGallwey andRobertKriegeldevoteanentirechaptertotwokindsoffear intheirbook,titledInner Skiing, which they call 'Fear1'and'Fear 2'. Fear1magnifiesdangerandvulnerabilitywhileminimizingyour senseofcompetence. Inotherwords,Fear1isFantasyExpectationsAppearingReal.

Fear2mobilizesyourwholebeingforeffectiveaction.It includesaseriesofmarvelousphysiologicalchangesthat preparethebodyforpeakperformance. Fear2infact

focusesattention, providesadrenalineforextraordinaryeffort,and sharpensperception.

Fear2promoteseffectiveaction,whereasFear1paralyzesus andpreventsaction. 9.4.2.Analysis:Inthebookmentionedabovetheauthorsaskus tolistdownourfearsandthenmarkeachasFear1andFear2, thenstartanalysingthembyidentifying

Fear1promotespanicandconfusion.Fear2promotes clarityandpurpose. Fear1isoftenaboutsavingface.Fear2isaboutstepping outofyourcomfortzone. Fear1triggersavoidanceofthefacts.Fear2heightens awarenessandperception. Fear1wantsyoujusttostop.Fear2wantsyoutomove forwardpowerfullyandsafely. Fear1magnifiesdangerandvulnerability.Fear2callson ourcapacitytorespondtodanger. Fear1originatesinouregomind.Fear2isawholesystem response.

9.4.3.Decision:Bothtypesoffeararepresentinmany situations.Whatisimportantistouseourpowersofassessment anddiscriminationtoturndownthevolumeonFear1while callingonFear2fortheenergyandfocustomoveforward.With practice,wecanactuallytransformFear1intoFear2by focusingandaccuratelyassessingtherealriskandourreal competence. Note:Intheabsenceofanimmediateteacherandguideofstatus ofHanumaantoSugreeva,weneedtorefertosreemadh raamaayaNamandpreytoHanumaan,togetsuchguidingpoints.

9.5.WhyandhowHanumaanisfreefromfear? Hanumaantellssugreeva,howsugreeva'sfearinduceshimto runawayfromfacingthatsituationonseeingraamaand lakshmaNa. yasmaathudhvignachEthaa:thvamvidhruthOharipungava| thamkrooradharsanamkrooramnaihapasyaamivaalinam||4215 yasmaaththavabhayamsoumyapoorvajaathpaapakarmaNa:| sanaihavaaleedhushTaaathmaanathEpasyaamiahambhayam|| 4216 meaning:hanumaantosugreeva,"Bywhomyouarebewilderedat heartandrunningaway,oh,thebestmonkeySugreeva,Idonot seethatcruellooking,cruelValihere.[15]Fromwhomyour fearisspurted,oh,gentleSugreeva,thatelderbrotherof yours,whoisanevildoerandtheonewithharmfulintent,that Vaaliisnothere.ThereforeIperceivenofearfromhim.[42 16] POINTS: 1.Alsonotesugreeva'sfearisaresultofhisdoubtsabout raamaandlakshmaNa,whenheseesraamaandlakshmaNasugreeva: sankithO~abhavath says vaalmeeki in 4-2-1. Sugreeva perceives a threat from vaali and doubts these two as being sent by vaali - whereas hanumaan is clear in his perception that they are in Mt.Malayaandvaalicannotenterthereinanyform[hereit meansasraamaandlakshmaNa].Sohanumaanishavingnofear. 2.Dearreadersnowtrytoclassifythisfearofsugreevainto Fear1orFear2asstated.Thenseewhetheryourclassification isright. 3.Hereweseehanumaanperhapshadinitialfearunder'fear1' butoncehevisualisedorrealisedvaalicannotcometomount malaya,andthroughhisintellectandwisdombeingfirmasseen inslokam17,hechangedthattofear2.Sohanumaanisableto advicesugreeva.

4.Thatalsomakeshanumaancallsugreevaamonkeyminded [hopping from one to another situation or position, without firmness in any]. Are we, managers and administrators, not placed in similar situation when we are under perceived threator fearforsomething?

10.0.ThenextlessonourmanagementteacherHanumaangivesis 'KEEPYOURINTELLECTANDWISDOMFIRM'.Hetellssugreeva,'once youget'fear1',duetothatmindbecomesfickleandwavering'. Thenhanumaanaddsanadvice,'dontshowyourweaknessthrough yourbodylanguage'.Hefurthersays'aninfirmkingcannotgive correctdecisions'.SotheteacherHanumaantouchesnowonbody languageanddecisionmaking.Oh,Whatagreatmanagementinput fromguruhanumaan.Seeslokam ahOsaakhaamrugathvamthEvyakthamEvaplavangama| laghuchiththathayaaaathmaanamnasthaapayasiyOmathou|| 4217 budhdhhivijnaanasampannaingithai:sarvamaachara| nahiabudhdhhimgathOraajaasarvabhoothaanisaasthihi|| 4218 meaning:HanumaancontinuestoSugreeva,"Aha!Youmadeamonkey ofyourself,oh,monkey,andyoufeelsmall,thusyouarenot abletostayfirminyourmindbythatfickleness,andyour monkeynatureisclearbyit.[intamilkurangubhudhdhi][17] Keepyourintellectandwisdomfirm,andexpressallyour intentsrightlyinyourbodylanguageinallyourundertakings. Certainly,akinggettingintounintelligencecannotcommandall hissubjects. [4-2-18] POINT: 10.1.Thisadvicetokingistobetakenasforpresentday managersalso. Twopersons hanumaan and sugreeva

samesituationofseeingtwopeopleraamaandlakshmana, atsameplacebotharethere

atsametimebothareseeing, twodifferentthinkingstylesandperceptions, oneasaresultofselfperceivedfear,anothercalmand clearperceptionandalsobecauseofknowledge,besidesa convictionthatthingvaalicomingtomalayanotpossible.

Asaresultthedecisionmakingabilityofthekingsugreevahas becomefickleandwavering.OurteacherHanumaanisselfassured andcalm,abletoadvicetheother,andthatistheminister's job. 10.2.Alsonotehanumaantalksaboutleadership,intellectand bodylanguage.Afearfulpersonoramanagerwillshowuphis fearinhiswordsandactionsinbodylanguage what hanumaan describes of 'saakhaa mrugathvam' hopping from one point to other not being firm. If he is the leader and is in a confrontig situation like this seeing two strangers fully equipped with warfare in present case how he will lead histeamandhandlethatsituation? Ifthisisnota'casestudy'in'fear,leadershipanddecision making'whatelse,dearsirs? Wearediscussingtheslokamonourmanagementteachersree hanumaantalkingtosugreevajusttorepeatthatslokamand itsmeaningforclaritypurposes budhdhhivijnaanasampannaingithai:sarvamaachara| nahiabudhdhhimgathOraajaasarvabhoothaanisaasthihi|| 4218 meaning: Hanumaan continues to Sugreeva, 'Keep your intellect and wisdom firm, and express all your intents rightly in your body language in all your undertakings. Certainly, a king getting into unintelligence cannot command all his subjects. [4218] 10.1.1.Continued:WhenhanumaansayssugreevaKeepyour intellectandwisdomfirm,akinggettingintounintelligence cannotcommandallhissubjects,thatcommentofHanumaanleads ustolookatDecisionMakinginmanagementperspective.That pointisseenbutnotelaborated.Socontinuing

AlreadyhanumaansaidIseenothreatfromvaaliinthismount malaya.Thatshowshanumaanhadanalysedwhatwastheproblem inthemindsofsugreeva.Itis'fearphobia'.Thatlead sugreevatoappearasthoughNOTintellegentetclearnt byHanumaanfromhisbodyaction. Sohanumaansaysakinggettingintounintelligencecannot commandallhissubjects.Thismeansapersoninfearcannotdo properdecisionmaking. Oh,whatanextentourteacherhanumaanpresentsthe'case study'abouthisking[tousthoughvaalmeeki]forustoanalyse onthis'decisionmaking'.

10.1.2.Onthisdecisionmakingtolookat,inadifferent way

isitareasoningprocess?or isitanemotionalprocess? isthisprocesscanberational?or isthisprocesscanbeirrationalalso? isthisprocesscanbebasedonexplicitassumptions?or isthisprocesscanbebasedontacitassumptions? Dearreaders,analyseandanswerthesequestions yourselves.Alsocheckhowmanytimeswe'decide'thingsor dothedecisionmakingwithorwithoutansweringthese questions.

10.1.3.AquotablequotefromJimNightingale,Authorof'Think SmartActSmart'.Hestates"wesimplydecidewithoutthinking muchaboutthedecisionprocess."

10.1.4.'Decisionmaking'involvesseveralperspectives

a.Fromapsychologicalperspective,itisnecessarytoexamine individualdecisionsinthecontextofasetofneeds, preferencesanindividualhasandvaluestheyseek. b.Fromacognitiveperspective,thedecisionmakingprocess mustberegardedasacontinuousprocessintegratedinthe interactionwiththeenvironment. c.Fromanormativeperspective,theanalysisofindividual decisionsisconcernedwiththelogicofdecisionmakingand rationalityandtheinvariantchoiceitleadsto. Dearall,justanalysefromwhatperspectivewetakecertain decisions.Orthinkonwhatthequotesaysisright.

10.1.5.Totouchupontheprocessstepsonthe'DecisionMaking'

Objectivesmustfirstbeestablished. Objectivesmustbeclassifiedandplacedinorderof importance.[orprioritisation] Alternativeactionsmustbedeveloped. Thealternativemustbeevaluatedagainstallthe objectivesalreadylisted. Thealternativethatisabletoachievealltheobjectives isthetentativedecision. Thetentativedecisionisevaluatedformorepossible consequences. Thedecisiveactionsaretaken,andadditionalactionsare takentopreventanyadverseconsequencesfrombecoming problemsandstartingbothsystems(problemanalysisand decisionmaking)alloveragain. Therearestepsthataregenerallyfollowedthatresultin adecisionmodelthatcanbeusedtodetermineanoptimal plan. Inasituationfeaturingconflict,roleplayingishelpful forpredictingdecisionstobemadebyinvolvedparties.

Conclusion:whenadecisionmakingforaManageroranordinary individuallikeyouandmeinvolvessomuchanalysisand

complicationhowakinglikesugreevacanmakeadecision,and thattooinfear.Sowhatourteacherguidesisanexcellent command. 10.2.Continuingonthebodylanguage 10.2.1. Someofthereadersmayraiseaquestionhow'ingitha' is treated as body language. So I referred Monier williams sankritEnglishDictionaryandthatreadsquote

ingita
ingita n. palpitation change of the voice, internal motion, motion of various parts of the body as indicating the intentions [MGV adds on this highlighted meaning that is what we now say as body language] hint, sign, gesture aim, intention, real but covert purpose Mn. R. MBh. Sur. Hit. Ragh. &c igitakovida kovida or mfn. understanding signs, acquainted with the gesture of another, skilled in the expression or interpretation of internal sentiments by external gesture igitaja ja mfn. understanding signs, acquainted with the gesture of another, skilled in the expression or interpretation of internal sentiments by external gesture -- unquote--

10.2.2.ThecommentatoronsreemadhraamaayaNamnamedthilaka [thilaka'sauthorisalsoanotherraama,aking]sayson 'ingithai:'

antharaaasayagamakai:chEshTaavisEshai:budhdhhyaa nischayaaatmakEna meanswhatisinside[themindofone]comesoutinform ofsignalsthroughthebodysymptoms,andthatis determinedforsurethroughtheintellectof[theother].

Dearall,thisisallthedefinitionofbodylanguagesomebody emanatessomesignalsthroughhisbodyactionsandothertakes it'heythisiswhatthisfellowwantstoconvey'.Isitnot? ThisbodylanguageisdescribedinraamaayNamitself.Sowhatis the'new'thingor'modern'inthis. 10.2.3.Fewimportantpointsonthisbodylanguage[aspartof communicationcourses]are:

a.TheBody:Yourbodycommunicatesdifferentimpressionstothe audience.Peoplenotonlylistentoyou,theyalsowatchyou. Slouchingtellsthemyouareindifferentoryoudonot care...eventhoughyoumightreallycareagreatdeal!Onthe otherhand,displayinggoodposturetellsyouraudiencethatyou knowwhatyouaredoingandyoucaredeeplyaboutit.Also,a goodposturehelpsyoutospeakmoreclearlyandeffective.

b.Postureandbodyorientation:Youcommunicatenumerous messagesbythewayyoutalkandmove.Standingerectand leaningforwardcommunicatestolistenersthatyouare approachable,receptiveandfriendly.Interpersonalcloseness resultswhenyouandthelistenerfaceeachother.Speakingwith yourbackturnedorlookingatthefloororceilingshouldbe avoidedasitcommunicatesdisinterest.

c.Eyecontact:Thishelpstoregulatetheflowof communication.Itsignalsinterestinothersandincreasesthe speaker'scredibility.Peoplewhomakeeyecontactopentheflow ofcommunicationandconvey

interest, concern, warmth,and credibility.

d.FacialExpressions:Smilingisapowerfulcuethattransmits

happiness, friendliness, warmth,and liking.

So,ifyousmilefrequently,youwillbeperceivedas

morelikable, friendly, warmand

approachable.

Smilingisoftencontagiousandpeoplewillreactfavorably. Theywillbemorecomfortablearoundyouandwillwanttolisten more.

e.Gestures:Ifyoufailtogesturewhilespeakingyoumaybe perceivedasboringandstiff.Alivelyspeakingstylecaptures

thelistener'sattention, makestheconversationmoreinteresting,and facilitatesunderstanding.

e.Proximity:Culturalnormsdictateacomfortabledistancefor interactionwithothers.Youshouldlookforsignalsof discomfortcausedbyinvadingtheotherperson'sspace.Someof theseare:

Rocking, Legswinging, Tapping,and Gazeaversion.

Note:Theabovepointsarevalidinmanagementstudieson presentationskillsalso.Someadditionalpointswillbe coveredwhenwetakeup'raamaappreciating'hanumaan,our managementteacher,afterhanumaanpresentstoraama,the messageofhiskingsugreeva. Afterlisteningtohanumaan,thenkingsugreevasaidHanumaanto checkaboutraamaandlakshmanaon

whothesetwoare? whatistheirmission? Whethertheyaresentvaalitokillhimetcinslokams19 to23ofsargam2ofkishkindhakaaNDam.

11.0.Eventhoughourmainintentionistostudyandanalyse onlyHanumaan'swordsfrommanagementperspective,here sugreeva'swordsaremoreworthconsideringasamanagement lessonon'communication' these points are really merited ones. thouthvayaapraakrithEnaEvagathvaajnEyouplavangama| ingithaanaamprakaarai:charoopavyaabhaashaNEnacha||4224 lakshayasvathayO:bhaavamprahrishTamanasouyadhi| visvaasayanprasamsaabhi:iNgithai:chapuna:puna:||4225 mamaEvaabhimukhamsthhithvaapricChathvamharipungava| prayOjanampravesasyavanasyaasyadhanurdharou||4226 sudhdhhaaathmaanouyadhiEthoujaaneehithvamplavangama| vyaabhaashithai:vaaroopai:vaavijneyaadhushTathaaanayO:|| 4227 meaning:SugreevasaidtoHanumaan."goingtothem,oh,monkey Hanumaan,inacommoners form, for your monkey-hood is distinguishable by Vaali'sagents,andknowtheintentionsofthosetwo[viz.raama andlakshmaNa]

bytheirconduct[orbodylanguage], bytheirsemblance,and bytheirconversation,aswell.[4224] Aimattheirconcepts, iftheyarepleasanthearted,dulycreateconfidencein thembyconductingyourself, alsocommendthemagainandagain. settheirfacetowardsmealoneinacompassionatemanner, youinquireaboutthereasonoftheirenteringthisforest alone,ofthosebowswielders.[4225,26][MGVaddshere alonemeansonlytwoandwithoutevenasmallarmybehind]

Youshallknowwhetherthosetwoarecleanatheartor otherwise,byconversation orabouttheirevilmindednessorotherwiseby conversation. [4-2-27]

point:seefromthewordsofsugreevatheextentofusefullness ofproper'communication'.Observingthebodylanguageandfrom thatyoucancometoconclusionontheintentionsofother person.Fromconversationyoucanalsounderstandwhetheroneis cleanatheart,orevilmindedetc.Sotheseareveryvalid pointsasmanagementlessonson'communication'from raamaayanam. Aclarification:Maybe,dearreaders,youmayfeel,Iam writingalittlemoreoncommunication.Thatisfrommy experiencethattheyoungsters,freshfromcollegesor courses,areNOTABLETOCOMMUNICATEeventhoughtheirmark sheetsareshowingcentumornearcentum.Thatisthestandard ofpresentdayeducation.ThisappliestothosewithMBA certificatesalso[frommanyprivateuniversitiesor institutions].

12.0.HanumaangoesnexttotheplacewhereraamaandlakshmaNa were.Nowwearegoingtolearn'onorabouthumanbehaviour' fromhanumaan,whilemeetingnewpersons thatha:chahanumaanvaachaaslakshNayaasumanOjnayaa| vineethavathupaagamyaraaghavoupraNipathyacha||433 ababhaashEchathouveerouyathaavathprasasamsacha| sampoojyavidhhivadhveerouhanumaanvaanarauththama:||434 uvaachakaamathOvaakyammridhusathyaparaakramou| meaning:Then,onnearingRaghavaas,Hanumaanthebestmonkey

voicingsoftlyand wellpleasinglylikeanobedientone,

befittinglyhailed,greetedandpraisedthosetwovaliantones. [433,4a]ThebestVanaraHanumaanspokesoftly,asdesiredby

Sugreeva,tothosecandidlyresoluteones,onmakingreverent obeisancetobothofthem.[434b,5a] Points: 1.Whenmeetinganewpersonwhattotalk,howtotalkand conductoneselfistaughtnicelybyhanumaanherethattoo whenheisnotknowing

whotheyare? theirbackgroundlikeeducational,knowledge,wealth? whatistheirpositionorstatusinsociety,etc

2.Hanumaanteachesuswhat are the different aspects which can be talked when wemeetstrangers in slokams 5b to 23. Hanumaantalksaboutraamaand lakshmaNa

ontheirphysicalaspects, ontheirdressingpattern ontheirholdingweapons[whyandwhatfor] ontheirbodyfeatures that raaja lakshaNam

besideshetalksaboutwhytheycamehereintheforestetc. 3.Hanumaanalsointroducesinhistalk

hiskingsugreeva,hispresentwanderingpositionand reasonforit, ashortintroductionabouthimselfandhiscapabiliies[in takingdifferentdisguiseetc] sugreeva'sdesireofmakingfreindshipwiththesetworaama andlakshmaNa.

4.ThistalkofhanumaanguidesuseventowriteaCV,Ican add.

13.0.Raama'sreply:

13.1.Duringthistalkofhanumaan,bothraamaandlakshmaNa keptsilent.Thenraamaaskslakshmanatospeakobservingthe protocolofaking

o speaknotdirectlywithastranger thattooofnotsamerankofastheking.

Thisisalsoanotherpointinmanagement to observe protocols, talk to equals or start conversation through equals. 13.2.Anotherimportantobservationhereis lakshmaNa, even though he also heard hanumaan talking, did not start talking until asked or prodded by raama. Thatalsoteachesapoint the subordinate partcipating in a high level meeting should not open his mouthunlessaskedspecificallyorcalledforby hisboss. 13.1.1.Wehavealreadyseeninpost1,theslokam4324 whereinhanumaanispraisedas'vaakyajna:vaakyakushala:'by vaalmeekiwhenheasks/talkstoraama[slokams435bto23]. SrivaalmeekipraisessreeraamaasprahrishTavadhana: sreemaaninslokam4325.Seeslokam Ethathsruthvaavacha:thasyaraamOlakshmaNamabraveeth| prahrishTavadhana:sreemaanbhraatharampaarsvatha:sthhitham || 4325 meaning:HearingallthosewordssaidbyHanumaan,that illustriousRaamaiswellpleasedfacially,spoketohisbrother LakshmaNawhoisstandingbyhisside.[4325] Note:Aboutthoseslokams435to23mangementpointsalready giveninpost6. 12.1.Sri.K.Ranganathan,ProfessorofManagement,sentmea privatemailinwhichmanagementpointsaregiventitledLord Hanuman.Inthatmailhisviewsfrommanagementanglewillbe quotedhere[withhispermission]ontheseslokams5bto23is quote WhenLordHanumanmetLordRaama&LakshmaNa,firsttime,by usingthebodylanguage,hedecidedthattheyarenorordinary people.Thoughhehasnotconcludedanything,hehasappeared

beforethemasahumanbeing(likeaBrahminboy)andenquired themabouttheirwhereaboutsandreasonforwanderinginthe forest.Hehascollectedmoreinformationfromthemand concludedhisassessmentsarecorrectandthenhehasdisclosed himtothem. ManagementPoint:Oneshouldnotcometohastyconclusions, unlessoneknowsabouttheotherPeople.unquote.

13.3.0.Continuation:Alsoin26and27raamainstructs lakshmanatotalk.[Exactslokamsandmeaningsarenotgiven hereastheyarenotrequiredelaboratelyinourcontext]. Sreeraamapraiseshanumaaninslokams4328to35.Thoughour mainfocusis'hanumaanteachingusmanagement'raamapraising hanumaanalsogivesus'management'insightonhanumaan's speakingskills.Thosepointswewillseeindetailnow.

13.3.1.Perhapswe,evencanconsidervaalmeeki'sstyleof presentinghispoeminandasaconversationalstyleachanged onenotalwaysinthirdpersonwhichmaythenbecomea monotony.Thisisalsoanotherpointwhiledrafting/writinga speechandthentalkingthat.

13.3.2.Raama'spointsonhanumaan'sspeech: naanrigvEdhavineethasyanaayajurvEdhadhaariNa:| naasaamavEdhavidhusha:sakyamEvamvibhaashithum||4328 noonamvyakaraNamkrithsnamanEnabahudhaasrutham| bahuvyaaharathaaanEnanakinchithapasabdhitham||4329 meaning:Raamacommentsonhanumaan'stalk,"Nay,thenonknower ofRigVEdha,orthenonremembererofYajurVEdha,orthenon scholarofSaamaVEdha,canpossibly,ortrulyspeakthisway. [28]Definitelygrammarisseverallyandcomprehensivelylearnt byhim,andthoughmuchissaidbyhim,notasinglewordhas goneamissofverbiage.[29]

13.3.2.point:Soraamavouchesforhanumaan'svedhaandgrammar knowledge.Wepraisehanumaanasnavavyaakruthipanditha[81st naama]inhanumaan'sashtothranaamavali.Thismeanshanumaan cangiveadifferentandnewtypeofexplanationorelaboration ordetailedcommentsonallthings.Vyakruthimeans[asper MonierWilliamssanskritEnglishdictionary] vykti vy-kti f. separation, distinction Br detaileddescription,explanationSur

13.3.3.Anotherpointiswhiletalking,ithastobe precise, tothepoint relevantonthesubjectonhand, notsimplydecorativeinlanguage, nousageofunwantedwordsetc. Continuing:

namukhEnEthrayO:chaapilalaaTEchabhruvO:thathhaa| anyEshuapichasarvEshudhOsha:samvidhitha:kvachith||4330 avistharamasandhigdhamavilambithamavyatham| ura:sthamkaNThagamvaakyamvarthathEmadhyamEsvaram||4331 meaning:Raamacontinues,

Onhisfaceoreyes, oronforeheadorbrows, oronotherfacultiesofexpression nofaultisfound,evenattheleast.[30] Unexpanded, undoubtful, undelayingand nondissonant

isthetenorofhisspeech,

anditcomportsinhischestorthroatinamediumtone.[31]

samskaarakramasampannaamadhbhuthaamavilambithaam| uchchaarayathikalyaaNeemvaachamhridhayaharshiNeem||4332 anayaachithrayaavaachaathristhaanavyanjanasthayaa:| kasyanaaaraadhyathEchiththamudhyathasEarE:api||4333 meaning:Raamacontinues,"Hehasorderlyrefinementinspeech thatisremarkableandundelaying,andhespeakspropitious wordsthatareheartpleasing.[32]Hisspeechisgeneratedin threeplacesisenthralling,andwhoseheartisitthatis disenchantedonhearinghisspeech,eventhatofanenemyafter raisinghisswordathim.[33] 13.3.4.point:raamatalksabouthanumaan's'bodylanguage'and 'speakingstyle'.Whatthemodernlessonsonusageofvoiceand mannerofspeakingisgivenbelow.Seehowraamahasdescribed hanumaanandfollowingmodernonesimplycopiesraama'spoints.

13.4.0.Incommunicationcoursesthefollowingissaidonthe UseofVoice

Peoplemakejudgmentsaboutyoujustbylisteningtoyour voice. Itisn'tonlythewordsyouuse,buthowyousaythemthat canmakeadifference.

Point:fromhanumaan'sspeechraamasaysheisanachiever. Slokamfollows.

13.4.1.Impactofvoice:Whenpeopleseeyou(facetoface communication),theimpactofyourvoiceisapproximately38%of theoverallimpressionyoumakethe"picture."Overthephone, itjumpsto85%sincetherearenovisualcues.

13.4.2.Thingstodotohaveamorepleasingvoice:

1.Haveanappropriateexpression,soundenthusiastic.Orwhen appropriate,alteryourtonetofittheconversation(sounding sympatheticwhentalkingaboutsadnewsetc.)

2.Speakattherighttempo:Speakslowlyenoughthatpeople understandyoueasily,yetnotsoslowlythatyouaretakingtoo longtocompleteathought. Referslokam4331and32 samskaarakramasampannaamadhbhuthaamavilambithaam| 3.Pause:Bypausing,yougivepeopleenoughtimetotakein whatyouaresaying.

Whenyoufinishathought,thinkofaddingaperiod(.)by countingtothreeinyourmind. Ifitwouldbeacolon(:),counttotwo, ifitisacomma(,),counttoone.

Inotherwords,don'trunyourwordstogether.

4.Eliminatefillers:Avoid"uh,""um,""OK"and"youknow."

5.Speakloudenoughtobeeasilyheard:Speakinginawhisper isnonassertiveandannoying.Ifpeopleaskyoutospeakupor torepeatyourself,thisisacluethatyouneedhelpinthis area.

6.Speaksoftenoughtoavoidshoutingandscreaming:Ifpeople areaskingyouto"shh"orloweryourtone,that'saclue,too.

Referslokam4331 ura:sthamkaNThagamvaakyamvarthathEmadhyamEsvaram|| 7.Watchyourdiction:Completingwordsmakesyousoundsmarter. Thingslikesayingthe"ing"endingcanmakeadifference ("going"not"gonna,""doing,"not"doin'").Avoidalsodropping thebeginningofwords("them,"not"'em").

8.Controlyourbreathingwhenyougetnervousorexcited.It helpstoloweryourpitch,makingyousoundmorecredible.

9.Taperecordyourselforlistentoyourvoicemailmessages. Decidewhatyouneedtopracticesoyousoundbetterinfaceto faceencountersandelectronically.

10.Keepyourhandsawayfromyourmouthwhenspeaking.And don'tswallowwordsorletyourvoicetrailoffwithany thoughts.

11.Thepowerofyourvoiceisthesumofitsvocalqualityand thewordsyouchoose.Youmustnottakeeitherforgrantedto ensurethatyourspeakingformulaisawinningcombination.

Dearreaders,haveyounotedwhatraamasaidofhanumaanisall whatisaboveandalittlemoreon'taperecord'[forthosedays thesegadgetswerenotthere].Raama'sappreciationdoesnotend here,andonthatwewillcontinueinnextpost. 14.0.WesawraamacommentingonHanumaan'sspeechskills.Soa doubtmaycometothemindwhetherraamaissuchaqualified persontocommentonsuchniceties[justforaminutekeepaside heisthesupremelordsreemannaaraayaNanwhohascomehereas raamathatsarvajnaknowerofall]. Toanswerthatquestionhereisproof

sagenaaradhaansweringvaalmeeki'squestioninfirstsargamof baalkaaNDam rakshithaasvasyadharmasyasvajanasyacharakshithaa| vEdhavEdhaangathathvajna:dhanurvEdhEchanishTitha:||11 14

sarvasaasthraartha:thathvajna:smrithimaanprathibhaanavaan| sarvalokapriya:saadhu:adheenaaathmaavichakshaNa:||1115

meaning:Naaradhatovaalmeeki,"Heisthechampionofhisown selfrighteousnessandalsochampionsforadherent'swelfare[in thesamerighteousness,]andheisascholarintheessenceof VEdhaasandtheirancillaries,too.HeisanexpertinDhanur VEdha,theArtofArchery.[14]Heistheknowerofthemeaning andessenceofallthescriptures,excellentatmemorythus brilliant,andanesteemedoneinalltheworlds,gentle,level headedandclearheaded[indiscriminatinganddistinguishing] [15]

Commentonslokam14:ThesearetheancillarysubjectsofVedas called a.angapartand b.upaangasubpart.

ThemainpartsofVEdhaasare

siksharitualrigor vyakaranagrammar chandasprosody jyotishastrology

niruktarecitalrules kalpaprocedurerules.

Thisapart,thedhanurvedascienceofarchery,itselfis treatedas'anexclusiveVedataughttowarriors'.Thedanur Vedaisnottobeconstruedassimplebowandarrowand 'shootingthetarget'education.Itisa'scriptureonmissiles' thatexistedinthoseages.

Sothedoubtiscleared raama is sakala saasthra artha thathvagna not only the mere 'saasthram' but also its artha - 'philosophy'.

15.0.Sreeraamacontinuespraisinghanumaaninfollowing slokamsasan achiever through his speech. This also gives insight on hanumaan's presentation skillsandhowtoachieveourendresultthroughour skillinpresentingasalessoninmanagementtous. EvamvidhOyasyadhoothOnabhavEthpaarthivasyathu| sidhdhhyanthihikathamthasyakaaryaaNaamgathayO~anagha|| 4334 EvamguNagaNairyukthaayasyasyu:kaaryasaadhakaa:| thasyasidhdhhyanthisarve~arthaadhoothavaakyaprachOdhithaa: || 4335 meaning:Raamacontinuestolakshmana,"Oh,faultlessLakshmana, ifthissortofenvoyisnottheretoaking,reallyhowcan thatkingaccomplisheshiswaysandmeans.[34]Shouldaking havethiskindofworkaccomplisherswithavarietyofvirtues, allhisobjectiveswillbeachievedimpelledbysuchanenvoy s words."[35] point:thisalsoshowssreeraamaisverymuchpleasedtheway hanumaan,ourmanagementteacher,presentedhisside[orthe caseofhisking]sonicelythatraamapraiseshimasanachiver

besidesavirtuousperson.That'navavyaakrithipaNDitha'is perhapscoinedbylatergreatsfromraama'spraising,Isuppose. 15.1.Becomingacompetentspeakerleadingtocreatethat impressionasanachieverrequiresalotofpractice,rather thanjustbeingconfident.Hereareafewthingsonecan considertostartsharpeninghispresentationskills: 15.1.1.Onpowerpointpresentation: 1. 102030Rule This is a slideshow rule offered by Guy Kawasaki. This rule states that a powerpoint slide shouldhavenomorethan10slides, lastnolongerthan20minutesand havenotextlessthan30pointfont.[fontsize] Hesaysitdoesnt matter whether your idea will revolutionize the world, you need to spell out the important nuggets in afewminutes, acoupleofslidesand aseveralwordsaslide. 2. 2020Rule Anothersuggestionforslideshows.Thissays youshouldhave20slideseachlastingexactly20seconds. The2020Ruleforcesyoutobeconciseandtokeepfrom boringpeople. 3. ComeEarly,ReallyEarly Dont fumble with powerpoint or hooking up a projectorwhenpeoplearewaitingforyoutospeak.Come early,scopeouttheroom,runthroughyourslideshowand makesuretherewont be any glitches. Preparation can do a lot toremove yourspeakinganxiety. 15.1.2.onspeakingwhilepresenting: 4. Dont Read Thisoneisanobrainer,butsomehow Powerpointmakespeoplethinktheycangetawaywithit.If youdont know your speech without cues, that doesnt just make you more distracting.Itshowsyoudont really understand your message, a huge blow to any confidence the audience has in you.

5. ProjectYourVoiceNothingisworseforaspeakerthan youcant hear. Even in the high-tech world of microphones and amplifiers, you needtobeheard.Projectingyourvoicedoesnt mean yelling, rather standing up straight and letting your voice resonate on the air in your lungs rather than in the throat to produce a clearer sound. Referslokamvaachaathristhaanavyanjanasthayaa:4333 5. BeEntertaining Speeches should be entertaining and informative. Im not saying you should act like a dancing monkey while giving a serious presentation. But unlike an e-mail or article, people expect some appeal to there emotions. Simply reciting dryfactswithoutanypassionorhumorwillmakepeopleless likelytopayattention. 6. SlowDown Nervous and inexperienced speakers tend to talk way to fast. Consciously slow your speech down and add pauses for emphasis. 7. EyeContact Match eye contact witheveryoneintheroom.Ive also heard from sales people that you shouldnt focus all your attention on the decision maker since secretaries and assistants in the room may hold persuasive sway over their boss. 8. 15WordSummary Can you summarize your ideain15words?Ifnot, rewriteitandtryagain.Speakingisaninefficientmedium forcommunicatinginformation,soknowwhattheimportant 15wordsare,sotheycanberepeated. 9. SpeechesareAboutStories If your presentation is going to be a longer one, explain your points through short stories, quips and anecdotes. Great speakers know how to use a story to create an emotional connection between ideas for the audience. 10. Dont Plan Gestures Anygesturesyouuseneedtobean extensionofyourmessageandanyemotionsthatmessage conveys.Plannedgestureslookfalsebecausetheydont match your other involuntary body cues. You are better off keeping your hands to your side. 11. HaveFunSoundsimpossible?Withalittlepracticeyou caninjectyourpassionforasubjectintoyour presentations.Enthusiasmiscontagious. 12. Thats a Good Question You can use statements like, thats a really good question, or Im glad you asked me that,

tobuyyourselfafewmomentstoorganizeyourresponse. Willtheotherpeopleintheaudienceknowyouareusing thesefillersentencestoreorderyourthoughts?Probably not.Andeveniftheydo,itstillmakesthepresentation moresmooththanums and ahs litteringyouranswer. 13. BreatheInNotOut Feeling the urge to use presentation killers like um, ah, or you know? Replace those with a pause taking a short breath in. The pause may seem a bit awkward, but the audience will barely notice it. 14. GetPractice Join Toastmasters and practice your speaking skills regularly in front of an audience. Not only is it a fun time, but it will make you more competent and confident when you need to approach the podium. 15. Dont Apologize Apologies are only useful if youve done something wrong. Dont use them to excuse incompetence or humble yourself in front of an audience. Dont apologize for your nervousness or a lack of preparation time. Most audience members cant detect your anxiety,sodont draw attention to it. Do ApologizeifYoure Wrong One caveat to the above rule is that you should apologize if you are late or pointed out / shown to be incorrect. You want to seem confident, but dont be a jerk about it. 16. PutYourselfintheAudienceWhenwritingorpreparinga speech,seeitfromtheaudiencesperspective.Whatmight theynotunderstand?Whatmightseemboring?UseWIIFM (Whats In It For Me) to guide you. ThenlakshmaNastartstalkingtoHanumaanasperdirectionof kingraama,asthereisonlyone,inhim,toworkasraama's envoy.Thatslokamalsogivesatitletolakshmanaas evamuktha:thusoumithri:sugreevasachivamkapim| abhyabhaashathavaakyajnOvaakyaj~nampavanaathmajam||4336

meaning:WhensaidthusbyRaama,wisewordedLakshmanaspoketo thatmonkeyandtheministerofSugreeva,namelyHanumaan,the sonofAirgod,whoisequallyawisewordedone.[36]