Histopathologic Techniques Pretest

HISTOPATHOLOGY
Name __________________________________________
Rating________________________
Schedule _____________________________________ Date of Examination
___________
I.
__________1. Schiff reagent is a basic fuchsin which is a mixture of:

A. periodic acid, rosanilin, and magenta II
B. sulfonic acid, magenta II and rosalinin
C. rosanilin, pararosanilin and magenta II
D. rosanilin, pararosanilin and sulfonic acid
__________2. Schiff reagent can be prepared using what method/s?
1. Barger and Delamater 3. De Tomasi-Coleman
2. Itikawa and Oguru 4. Magenta and Schiff
A. 1 and 3 are correct C. 1,2,3 are correct
B. 2 and 4 are correct D. all are correct
__________3. In the PAS with diastase method for glycogen demonstration,
what is the fixative recommended?
A. Orths B. Helly’s C. Bouins D. Carnoy
__________4. The method of choice for glycogen staining:
A. PAS C. PAS with diastase
B. Best carmine D. langhan’s Iodine
__________5. In the Best Carmine method for staining glycogen, the
counterstain used is:
A. Cole hematoxylin C. Harris hematoxylin
B. Ehrlich’s hematoxylin D. Lillies hematoxylin
__________6. In the Best Carmine method for staining glycogen, which of the
following is/are added to the stock solution to inhibit any non-
specific background carmine staining?
1. methanol 3. Concentrated ammonia
2. potassium carbonate 4. Potassium chloride
__________7. Using Langhan’s iodine method for glycogen, the glycogen is
stained:
A. bright red color C. mahogany brown
B. blue-black D. yellow
__________8. Which of the following staining methods is not applicable for
acid mucopolysaccharides?
A. colloidal iron technique C. aldehyde fuchsin stain
B. uranyl-nitrate-azure method D. azocarmine stain
__________9. The most useful metachromatic dye for acid mucin is:
A. azure A C. alcian blue
B. toluidine blue D. basic fuchsin
_________10. Perl’s reagent is consists of:
1. 5% hydrochloric acid 3. 5% aqueous potassium
ferrocyanide
2. 2% hydrochloric acid 4. 2% aqueous potassium
ferrocyanide
_________11. The reagent added to Scharlach R to intensify the resulting
color and prevents deterioration.
A. isopropyl alcohol C. dextrin
B. alcohol D. benzoic acid
_________12. What is used as solvent for Oil red O and Sudan black?
A. 99% isopropanol C. 70% alcohol
B. 60% alcohol D. 95% alcohol
_________13. Lipids may be demonstrated by osmium tetroxidewhich is also
used as a fixative. The unsaturated fats and fatty acids reduces
the unstable oxide to for what color?
A. red B. green C. black D. yellow
_________14. In the Nile Blue Sulfate method for fats, which of the following
statements is correct?
A. Its red component, oxazone dissolves phospholipids
B. its blue component is called oxazane
C. the oxazine is basic and reacts with phospholipids and free
fatty acids.
D. neutral fat is blue and fatty acids are pink
_________15. In the histochemical demonstration of free fatty acids by stains,
which of the following do not match?
A. Weigert’s lithium hematoxylin: Fischler
B. rubeanicacid: Holczinger
C. dimethylaminobenzylidine rhodamine: Okamoto
D. diaminobenzidine: Bodian and Lake
_________16. This technique involves simultaneous coupling reaction with
sodium B-glycerophosphate as the substrate that is hydrolyzed
by the enzyme alkaline phosphatase to produce phosphate ions.
A. Wachstein and Meisel C. Gomori
B. Glenner D. Krajan
_________17. In staining for enzyme activity, which of the following do not

match?
A. Filipe and Lake: acetylcholinesterase
B. Indoxylacetate: esterase
C. Tetrazolium: monoamine oxidase
D. a-napththylacetate: ATPase
_________18. This is the most reliable and specific histochemical staining
technique for DNA.
A. Methyl green-pyronin technique C. Feulgen technique
B. May-Grunwald D. Weigert Pal
_________19. In the methyl green-pyronin method which of the following do
not match?
A. DNA: green C. Plasma cell cytoplasm: purple
B. RNA: blue-green D. lymphocytes: purple
_________20. Which of the following fluorescent staining do not match?
A. fluorescein: blue C. rhodamine: orange red
B. acridineorange: blue D. acriflavine: yellow
_________21. Which of the following stains do not match?
A. Gomori: reticulin C. Van Gieson: Collagen
B. Verhoeff’s: elastic D. Lendrum: muscle
_________22. Which of the following is not a stain for collagen?
A. Van Gieson C. Krajian Aniline Red
B. Masson’s Trichrome D. Azocarmine
_________23. Which of the following is a not a stain for elastic fibers?
A. Weigert’s C. Taenzer-Unna Orcein
B. Verhoeff’s D. Aniline Blue
_________24. Which of the following is not a component of MSB technique?
A. Martius yellow C. Brilliant crystal scarlet
B. soluble blue C142780 D. 2% aqueous potassium
permanganate
_________25. Which of the following is not a component of phosphotungstic
acid hematoxylin staining?
A. HCl in absolute alcohol C. sulfuric acid
B. Glacial acetic acid D. potassium permanganate
________26. The Highman’s Congo Red method for amyloid is consists of:
A. 0.2% congo red in 80% alcohol C. 0.5% congo red in 50%
alcohol
B. 0.5% congo red in 80% alcohol D. 0.2% congo red in 50%
alcohol
________27. The Krajian Amyloid stain uses:
A. Erhlich’s hematoxylin C. Cole hematoxylin
B. Harris hematoxylin D. PTAH
________28. Thioflavine T stain is used as:
A. 1% B. 2% C. 5% D. 10%
________29. The modified Gomori’s Trichrome stain color muscle fibers:
A. green B. red C. blue D. black
________30. The mordant used in Mallory’s PTAH is:

A. 1 part 10% HCl in 70% alcohol and 3 parts 3% potassium
dichromate
B. 1 part 3% HCl in 70% alcohol and 3 parts 10% potassium
dichromate
C. 3 parts 10% HCl in 70% alcohol and 1 part 3% potassium
dichromate
D. 3 parts 3% HClin 70% alcohol and 1 part 10% potassium
dichromate
_______31. In the Schmorl’s Picro-Thionin method uses thionin at a
concentration of:
A. 0.10% B. 0.125% C. 0.20% D. 0.250%
________32. Bielschowsky’s technique uses:
A. ammoniacal silver C. oxalic acid
B. phosphomolybdic acid D. hydroquinone
________33. This stain is used for demonstrating neuritic plaques and
neurofibrillary tangles.
A. Bodian C. Sevier-Munger
B. Bielschowsky D. Kluver and Barrera
________34. Which of the following is not a stain for astrocytes?
A. Cajal C. Holzer
B. PTAH D. Weigert-Pal
________35. For staining tissue pigments which of the following do not
match?
A. Perls: ferric C. Turnbull’s blue: ferrous
B. Benzidine: hemoglobin D. Fouchet: hematoidin
________36. The Mallory’s funchsin stain hemofuscin pigment:
A. blue B. red C. black D. green
________37. Von Kossa for calcium uses:
A. 1% silver nitrate C. 1.5% silver nitrate
B. 2% silver nitrate D. 3% silver nitrate
________38. Lindquist’s technique stain copper:
A. blue B. red C. black D. green
________39. Which of the following stains and organisms do not match?
A. Wade-Fite: Leprosy bacilli and Nocardia
B. Toluidineblue: Helicobacter
C. Dieterle: L. pneumophilia
D. Warthin-Starry: Actinomyces
________40. Amyloid stain:
A. Congo red B. trichromestain C. alcianblue D.
Sudan IV
________41. Fat stain:
Sudan IV
________42. Mucin stain:
Sudan IV
________43. Used for demonstration of A cells of the pancreatic islets in
formalin or Bouin’s fixed tissue:
A. Grimelius C. Lendrum
B. Gordon and Sweet D. MSB
________44. The Miller’s stain for elastic tissue contains the following,
except?
A. Victoria Blue C. Crystal Violet
B. New Fuchsin D. ponceau S
________45. Curtis stain contains all of the following reagents except?
A. phosphotungstic acid C. ponceau S
B. glacial acetic acid D. picric acid
________46. Herovici method contains what stains?
1. methyl blue 3. Acid fuchsin
2. Victoria blue 4. Congo red
________47. Naoumenko stain is for:
A. elastic fibers C. collagen
B. reticulin D. muscle
________48. Biebrich scarlet is a component of:
A. Mallory’s PTAH C. Krajian
B. Masson trichrome D. Van Gieson
________49. Which of the following is not a component of Gill’s hematoxylin?
A. ethylene glycol C. sodium iodate
B. aluminum sulfate D. glycerol
________50. Which of the following is not a component of Carazzi’s
hematoxylin?
A. potassium iodate C. potassium alum
B. glycerol D. ethylene glycol
II. MACHING TYPE.
________1. Anderson’s Victoria B A. astrocytes

________2. Well-Davenport’s B. glycogen
________3. Bielschowsky C. amyloid
________4. Phloxine-Toluidine Blue D. ferric ion
________5. Fitz-Patrick E. amoeba
________6. DOPA F. RNA and DNA
________7. De Galantha’s G. spirochete
________8. Krajian H. bacteria
________9. Weigert Pal I. collagen
________10. Kinyoun J. reticular fibers
________11. Ramon-Cajjal K. nerve fibers
________12. Schiff-McManus L. microglia
________13. Bennhold M. fat necrosis
________14. Prussian Blue N. cholesterol
________15. Iodine O. hemoglobin
________16. Feulgen P. phospholipid
________17. Gomori’s silver nitrate Q. bile
________18. Ziehl-Neelsen R. fats and lipids
________19. Von Kossa S. calcium
________20. Gmelin T. fungi
________21. Methyl green pyronine U. DNA
________22. Levaditi’s V. AFB
________23. Brown and Brenn W. myelin sheath
________24. Van Gieson X. elastic fibers
________25. Gold Y. melanin
________26. Langhan’s iodine Z. tyrosine
________27. Gympsum AA. hemozoin
________28. Bodian silver BB. Uric acid
________29. Ralph CC. neuron
________30. Windaus-digitonin DD. Glial cells
________31. Azocarmine EE. muscle
________32. Masson trichrome FF. cysteine and
cystine
________33. Footo’s
________34. Benda
________35. Liebermann-Burchardt
________36. Del Rio Hortega
________37. Roger
________38. Lieb’s
________39. Sudan III
________40. Verhoeff’s
________41. Lissamine Fast red
________42. Osmic acid
________43. Benzidine
________44. Acetic acid-alcian blue
________45. Gridley
________46. MSB
________47. Miller
________48. Curtis
________49. Herovici
________50. Grimelius
INSTRUCTION. Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements is followed by

answers or by completions of the statement. Select the ONE lettered answer
or completion that is BEST in each case.
_____1. Simple fixative/s:
1. picric acid 2. osmic acid 3. Helly’ssolution 4. glutaraldehyde
A. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correct
B. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct
C. only 1,2 and 4 are correct
_____2. Tissue marking facilitates identification and correct orientation of a particular tissue
pieces. Which of the following dye marker is/are used for surgical specimens?
1. India ink 3. Eosin, Erythosin, Rose Bengal, 2%
2. AlcianBlue, 1% 4. Artists’ grade pigments, 50%
A. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correct
B. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct
_____3. Characteristic of a good fixative:
1. stable 2. hypotonic 3. harden tissues 4. prevent autolysis
_____4. Chromate fixatives:
1. Orth’s fluid2. Regaud’s fluid 3. Moller’s fluid 4. Zenker’s fluid
_____5. This dye marker is rapid, reliable and used for marking resection margins of fixed
breast and other biopsies:
A. India ink C. Alcian Blue
B. Silver Nitrate D. Eosin, Erythrosin and Rose Bengal
_____6. Formaldehyde:
1. concentration of pure stock solution is 40%
2. gas produced by oxidation of ethanol
3. dilute 1:20 to make 10% solution
4. fixation time is 24 hours
_____7. Methanol added to formaldehyde:
1. prevent its decomposition to formic acid
2. denatures protein
3. renders tissues unsuitable for electron microscopy
4. prevents precipitation to paraformaldehyde
_____8. Clearing agent/s:
1. xylene 2. toluene 3. chloroform 4. acetone
_____9. Dehydrating agents:
1. acetone 2. dioxane 3. xylene 4. alcohol
_____10. Decalcifying agents:
1. nitric acid 2. hydrochloric acid 3. glacial acetic acid 4. formic acid
_____11. Embedding media:
1. paraffin wax 2. celloidin 3. gelatin 4. paraplast
_____12. Ways to measure extent of decalcification:
1. ion exchange resin 2. radiographic method 3. physical mtd 4. chemical mtd.
_____13. Cells found in vaginal smear:
1. intermediate cells 3. mature superficial cells
2. columnar cells 4. basal and parabasal cells
_____14. Mounting medium:
1. Canada balsam 2. water 3. eukitt 4. permount
____15. Not a gas used in cryostat:
1. oxygen 2. nitrogen 3. nitrogen oxide 4. carbon dioxide
_____16. Not a stain for pituitary gland:
1. Weigert’s 2. OG and EA 3. Fontana 4. Periodic Acid Schiff orange G
_____17. Not importance of ferning:
1. early detection of neoplasia 3. diagnosis of early pregnancy
2. early diagnosis of malignancy 4. early diagnosis of infection
_____18. In the Delafield’s Alum hematoxylin stain, the nuclei will not be stained:
1. blue 2. pink 3. red 4. reddish brown
_____19. Fine powder of aluminum oxide made into paste with water used as abrasive is not
used in:
1. stropping 2. staining 3. honing 4. decalcification
_____20. These fluids have to pass thru cytocentrifugation before staining the sediments:
1. bronchial washing 2. pleural fluid 3. urine 4. sputum
_____21. Counterstain:
1. eosin 2. safranin 3. hematoxylin 4. malachite green
_____22. Used in Papanicolau staining:
1. EA50 2. hematoxylin 3. alcoholic eosin 4. OG6
_____23. Dioxane:
1. non-toxic to man 2. clears 3. miscible with water, xylene, 4. dehydrates
_____24. Acetone:
1. dehydrates 3. fixative for F.A.T.
2. fixative for diagnosis of rabies 4. fixative for pigment
_____25. Tetrahydrofuran:
1. clears 2. immiscible with xylene 3. dehydrates 4. has offensive odor
_____26. Uses of paraffin oven:
1. melting down paraffin 3. infiltration
2. drying slides 4. staining at higher temperature
_____27. Components of Mayer’s egg albumin:
1. egg white 2. glycerine 3. thymol 4. distilled water
_____28. Effects of fixation:
1. denaturation of protein 3. inhibit dye reaction
2. cells become resistant to damage 4. as mordant
_____29. Zenker’s:
1. potassium dichromate 2. mercuric chloride 3. distilled water 4. glacial acetic
acid
_____30. Gendre’s fixative:
1. chloroform 3. formalin
2. ethyl alcohol with picric acid 4. glacial acetic acid
_____31. Clearing agents:
1. chloroform 2. toluene 3. dioxane 4. oil of Cedarwood
_____32. advantages of plastic embedding media:
1. rapid process 3. causes very little distortion
2. permit ultrathin sectioning 4. blocks can be stored indefinitely
_____33. Brittle or hard to cut tissue may be caused by prolonged:
1. fixation 2. dehydration 3. clearing 4. infiltration
_____34. Advantages of celloidin tissue processing:
1. shrinkage is negligible 2. rapid process 3. no heat required 4. minimal distortion of
tissue
_____35. Advantages of membrane technique:
1. reduces possibility of cells washing off
2. minimize loss of tumour cells
3. furnishes a more clearly representative sample of cell types
4. permits direct collection of cells from fluid
_____36. Acid dye/s:
1. alcian blue 2. anilinine blue 3. ponceau S 4. fast green
_____37. Metachromatic dye:
1. azure A 2. Bismark brown 3. Janus Green B 4. toluidine blue
_____38. Mercurial fixative: 1. Heidenhain-Susa 2. Zenker’s
A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are
wrong
_____39. Picric acid fixative: 1. Bouin’s 2. van de Grift’s
wrong
_____40. The purpose of ethyl alcohol: 1. fixative 2. dehydrating agent
wrong
_____41. Not a characteristic of a good fixative:
1. safe to handle 2. quick penetration
wrong
_____42. Purpose of clearing: 1. to remove acetone 2. to make tissue transparent
wrong
_____43. Methods of softening hard tissues: 1. decalcification 2. fixation
wrong
_____44. Decalcification methods except: 1. ion exchange resin 2. chelation

wrong
_____45. effects of fixatives on tissues: 1. denaturationof proteins 2. hardens tissues
wrong
_____46. Method of removing pigment left by formalin:
1. picric acid method 2. Lillie’s method
wrong
_____47. Not a constituent of buffered neutral formalin:
1. sodium phosphate 2. sodium acetate
wrong
_____48. Recommended for nuclear studies of bacteria:
1. acetone 2. alcohol
wrong
_____49. Recommended for biopsies and tumors of the skin:
1. Bouin’s 2. Helly’s
wrong
_____50. Alcohol containing fixative:
1. Gendre’s 2. Newcomers
wrong
_____51. Fixation is retarded by:
1. increased temperature 2. size of specimen
wrong
_____52. THF is a:
1. clearing agent 2. dehydrant
wrong
_____53. Fixes and dehydrates:
wrong
_____54. Most common and best embedding medium used for routine tissue processing:
1. xylene 2. paraffin
wrong
_____55. The melting point of paraffin:
1. 55C 2. 60C
wrong
_____56. Clearing agents for paraffin embedding:
1. xylene 2. toluene
wrong
_____57. The concentration of formaldehyde in Bouin’s fluid:
1. full strength 2. 10%
wrong
_____58. Method for celloidin embedding recommended for bone, teeth, large brain sections
and whole organs:
1. wet celloidin 2. dry celloidin
wrong
_____59. Recommended for urgent biopsies where fast work and time element is important:
1. gelatin embedding 2. vacuum embedding
wrong
_____60. Dehydration is to be avoided in:
1. celloidin embedding 2. gelatin embedding
wrong
_____61. Used for cutting celloidin embedded sections:
1. sliding microtome 2. rotary microtome
wrong
_____62. Paraffin sections are usually cut between:
1. 10-15u 2. 4-6u
wrong
_____63. Knife recommended for cutting paraffin embedded sections on a rotary microtome:
1. biconcave 2. plane concave
wrong
_____64. Knife recommended for cutting embedded sections on a freezing microtome:
wrong
_____65. Wedge angle- the angle formed by the slides of the wedge knife is between;
1. 27-32 degrees 2. 14-15 degrees
wrong
_____66. Which of the following mountants are used for immunofluorescence?
1. phosphate buffered glycerol 3. polyvinyl alcohol
2. DPX 4. euparal
_____67. Common lubricant used for honing:
1. xylene 2. liquid paraffin
wrong
_____68. Preferred for processing of whole eye sections:
wrong
_____69. Incomplete fixation causes the tissue to be:
1. soft 2. brittle
wrong
_____70. Air holes found on tissue during trimming is due to incomplete:
1. fixation 2. impregnation
wrong
_____71. Presence of bubbles or dirt in the embedding medium causes:
1. unequal thickness of sections 2. formation of holes in the section
wrong
_____72. A process whereby a selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass
containing isotonic salt solution, carefully dissected or separated, and examined
under the microscope:
A. teasing B. crushing C. squash preparation D. smear preparation
_____73. Which of the following is not a histochemical fixative?
A. formol saline B. acetone C. absolute ethyl alcohol D. Bouin’s
solution
_____74. Which of the following is not attributed to frozen section?
A. used for immediate pathological diagnosis
B. eliminate alteration of tissue caused by fixation
C. permit a wide variety of histochemical procedures
D. none of these
_____75. The amount of fixing fluid should be 10 to 20 times the volume of specimen except
when using:
A. commercial formaldehyde C. Picric acid
B. acetone D. osmium tetroxide
_____76. Kardasewitsch’s method of removing formalin pigment involves placing the section
for 5 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the amount of pigment in a mixture of:
A. 70% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia water
B. 80% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia water
C. 10% formalin and 90% water
D. 10 parts formalin and 90 parts water
_____77. When using Bouin’s fluid, a yellow color of the sections on the slide can be removed
by treating the section with:
A. running water C. sat. soln. of lithium carbonate in 70% alcohol
B. ethyl alcohol D. 5% sodium thiosulfate
_____78. Brasil’s fixative contains:
1. ethanol 2. formalin 3. picric acid 4. trichloroacetic acid
_____79. When using ethyl alcohol as fixative, the concentration must be:
A. 70%-80% B. 75%-80% C. 80% -100% D. 50%-60%
_____80. Which of the following tissues should not be fixed with alcohol?
A. alkaline phosphatase containing tissues
B. lipid containing tissues
C. glycogen containing tissues
D. carbohydrate containing tissues
_____81. Carnoy’s fluid is:
1. very suitable for small tissue fragments 3. good fixative for glycogen
2. initiates dehydration 4. fixes in ½ to 2 hours
_____82. Which of the following solutions is used in softening hard tissues?
A. Acetic acid B. Lendrum’s soln C. Zenker’sfluid D. Brasil’s soln
_____83. Which of the following fixatives in which the tissue fixed must be thoroughly
washed before many stains may be used to best advantage?
1. Zenker’s fluid 2. Helly’s fluid 3. Carnoy’s 4. Bouin’s
A. only 1 and 3 are correct D. only 3 and 4 are correct
B. only 1 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct
C. only 1 and 2 are correct
_____84. Freeze drying uses what temperature for freezing?
A. -40C B. -70C C. -100C D. -150C
_____85. Which of the following is the slowest decalcifying agent?
A. Formic acid B. Nitric acid C. Versene D. HCl
_____86. Generally, the volume of the impregnating medium should be at least ___ times the
volume of tissue.
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25
_____87. When using Tissue Tek system, the tissue is embedded in ____ deep.
A. 2mm B. 5mm C. 10mm D. 15mm
_____88. When trimming blocks, at least ____ of wax should surround the tissue block.
_____89. In cytology, this refers to the percentage of cells with shrunken, dark, small
structureless nuclei.
A. maturation index C. pyknotic index
B. pleomorphic index D. hyperchromatic index
_____90. Which of the following are anticoagulants used for cell blocks?
1. potassium oxalate2. heparin 3. citric acid-citrate 4. EDTA
_____91. Mounting is done to:
1. protect the specimen from physical injury
2. protect the section from bleaching
3. prevent damage and distortion
4. facilitate staining
_____92. The deeper red colored eosin:
1. eosin B 2. eosin Y
wrong
_____93. Stain recommended for Nissl’s granules or chromophilic bodies:
1. toluidine blue 2. crystal violet
wrong
_____94. Weigert’s hematoxylin contains:
1. iron 2. alum
wrong
_____95. Stain for demonstration of calcium salt deposits:
1. Congo red 2. acridine red 3B
wrong
_____96. Nicks or damage on the knife edge causes:
1. splitting of ribbons 2. unequal thickness of ribbon
wrong
wrong
_____98. Lifting of sections from knife on upstroke may be due to:
1. too vertical knife tilt 2. too warm room
wrong
_____99. Incomplete dehydration and clearing of tissues may cause:
1. tearing of sections 2. crooked and uneven ribbons
wrong
_____100. Loose clamp set screws on block or knife holder causes:
1. varying thickness of tissue 2. wrinkled section
wrong
_____101. It is the term given to any change in the form of the tissues in the section from
that of the tissue in the block.
1. distortion 2. orientation
wrong
____102. Tissues when infiltrated with carbowax require ____ changes to complete
infiltration.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
____103. Which of the following can be done to ensure complete fixation of tissues?
1. secondary fixation 3. microwave irradiation
2. prolonged immersion 4. elevated temperature
____104. Which of the following should be done for tissues fixed in dichromate?
A. wash in 80% ethanol
B. wash in 8-12 hours in running water before transferring to 60% ethanol
C. rinse with water and process in 60% ethanol
D. wash repeated 1-3 hourly changes of 50% ethanol
_____105. Which of the following is/are protein coagulant fixative/s?
1. ethanol 3. mercuric chloride
2. formaldehyde 4. formol-saline
_____106. Which of the following tissue variables is correct?

A. Tissue porosity has no significant impact on processing and staining
B. Prolonged exposure to fixatives during processing has no significant reaction to
immunohistochemical investigations
C. Block thickness influences the rate of reagent diffusion and processing time
D. Reagents which are miscible with water and with the embedding medium
increase the number of processing stages.
_____107. High infiltration temperatures cause marked tissue shrinkage and hardening
which can be avoided by maintaining embedding waxes temperature at:
A. 2-30C above melting point C. 10-15C above melting point
B. 7-10C above melting point D. 15-20C above melting point
_____108. For efficient and effective processing, there should be a specimen volume to
processing fluid volume ratio of at least:
A. 1:10 B. 1:20 C. 1:50 D. 1:100
_____109. What is the purpose of anhydrous cupric sulphate added to final absolute ethanol
on a tissue processor?
A. indicator of complete dehydration
B. prevent shrinkage of tissue
C. prevent excessive hardening of tissue
D. facilitate infiltration
_____110. Which of the following alcohols is used for processing of plant and animal tissues
in research?
A. methanol B. ethanol C. isopropanol D. butanol
_____111. Acetone is the best dehydrant for processing fatty specimens and tissues are
dehydrated through how many changes?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
_____112. Which of the following is/are used for chemical dehydration of tissues?
1. DMP 2. THF 3. DEP 4. PEG
_____113. Which of the following clearing agents are chiefly used as nitrocellulose solvents
in double embedding techniques?
1. amyl acetate 2. methyl benzoate 3. methyl salicylate 4.
trichloroethane
_____114. This process generally refers to the practice of embedding wax infiltrated tissues
in another wax to produce improved tissue support and sectioning qualities.
A. double embedding C. vacuum embedding
B. investment D. infiltration
_____115. To improve ribboning of paraffin, which of the following is done?
A. add phenanthrene C. add stearic acid
B. add 5% beeswax D. prolong heating of paraffin
_____116. In a tissue transfer automated tissue processor, fluid agitation is achieved by:
A. rotary motion of basket C. vacuum pressure
B. tidal action D. optimal stabilization
_____117. Ultrasonicsare used in histopathology to accelerate tissue processing. The most
important effect of ultrasound is:
A. heat B. pressure C.agitation D. optimal stabilization
_____118. Which of the following can be used as aqueous media for embedding?
1. agar 2. gelatin 3. sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose 4. polyvinyl
alcohol
_____119. This is the most widely used fixatives for standard electron microscopy:
A. formaldehyde C. osmium tetroxide
B. glutaraldehyde D. chromic acid
_____120. This is the most widely used secondary fixative in electron microscopy?
A. formaldehyde C. osmium teroxide
B. glutaraldehyde D. chromic acid
_____121. Which of the following is used as protein cross-linking fixatives?
1. chloro-6-triazides 3. diisocyanates
2. carbodiimides 4. maleimides
_____122. Which of the following fixatives is used for identifying tissues with aromatic
amines such as adrenal medulla tumours?
A. osmium tetroxide C. alcohol
B. dichromate D. formalin
_____123. This is the fixative of choice for the demonstration of intermediate filaments by
immunohistochemical techniques prepared by 6:3:1 mixture of methanol,
chloroform and glacial acetic acid.
A. ethanol C. acetic acid
B. methacarn D. picric acid
_____124. Which of the following fixatives contains mercuric chloride?
1. Zenker 2. Helly’s 3. Ridley’s 4. B5
_____125. AMEX technique requires fixation and clearing using:
A. alcohol, methyl benzoate, xylene, paraffin
B. alcohol, methyl ethylene, xylene, paraffin
C. acetone, methyl benzoate, xylene, paraffin
D. acetone, methyl ethyl benzoate, xylene, paraffin
_____126. Wolman’s solution used for immersion of freshly cut frozen section is prepared by
mixing:
A. 10% formalin and 90% ethanol
B. 90% ethanol and 10% glacial acetic acid
C. 10% formalin and 90% glacial acetic acid
D. 95% ethanol and 5% glacial acetic acid
_____127. Which of the following is true of fixation?
A. fixation is more rapid at lower temperature
B. during fixation, pH should be kept in physiological range between pH 6-8
C. buffers do not react with fixatives and will not reduce the function of fixative
D. glutaraldehyde is used as fixative at 10% solution
_____128. Which of the following are used as additive to glutaraldehyde in order to
demonstrate lipids in electron microscopy?
1. digitonin 2. malachite green 3. imidazole 4. osmium tetroxide
_____129. Which of the following fixatives is used for demonstration of enzyme
cholinesterase?
A. formalin-sucrose-ammonia C. alcohol
B. acetone D. formalin with 0.1% chloral hydrate
_____130. Which of the following chemicals is not a component of Susa fluid?
A. formaldehyde C. chromic acid
B. glacial acetic acid D. mercuric chloride
_____131. Which of the following chemicals is not a component of Elftman’s fixative?
A. mercuric chloride C. water
B. potassium dichromate D. formalin
_____132. Which of the following chemicals is not a component of Swank and Davenport’s?
A. mercuric chloride C. formaldehyde
B. potassium chlorate D. acetic acid
_____133. Which of the following is true of decalcification?
A. as the concentration of acid decalcifying agent increases, the speed of
decalcification also increases
B. a decrease in temperature accelerates decalcification
C. reducing pressure have significance on the decrease of the rate of decalcification
D. mechanical agitation has no effect on promoting decalcification
_____134. Which of the following bone component and test demonstration match?
A. Irwin’s Method: aluminum C. Ridley’s: potassium
B. Von Kossa: copper D. Wolman: calcium
_____135. Bone histomorphometric analysis used for the diagnosis of metabolic bone
diseases includes:
1. % trabecular bone volume 3. % osteod surface
2. % osteoid volume 4. % resorbing surface
_____136. Which of the following microtomes is used to cut sections from very hard material
such as undecalcified bone?
A. rotary B. sledge C. vibrating D. saw
_____137. Which of the following microtomes is equipped with electrical voltage applied to
the knife?
A. rotary B. sledge C. vibrating D. saw
_____138. Which of the following microtome knives is used primarily for cutting very thin,
resin sections?
A. sapphire B. diamond C. glass D. tungsten carbide
_____139. What is the purpose of correct clearance angle?
A. to enhance compression in cutting sections
B. to reduce friction as the knife edge passes through the block
C. for smooth, even section
D. to harden the tissue
_____140. Which of the following reflects correct thickness at which sections can be cut?
A. gelatin: 150-200um C. paraffin: 1 to 5 um
B. frozen: 15 to 20 um D. resin: 0.5 to 2 um
_____141. Ideally, tissue block face should be no longer than:
A. 1mm x 1mm C. 1cm x 1cm
B. 5mm x 5mm D. 5cm x 5cm
_____142. In case of section crumbling or tearing, which of the following processes are
improperly done?
1. fixation 2. dehydration C. decalcification D. clearing
_____143. In resin embedding, which of the following is correct?
A. 0.01-0.05um thick sections can be cut using epoxy
B. Methacrylates are resins from which 0.5 to 2um thick sections can be obtained
C. Araldite and epons are acrylic resins
D. Resin embedding can not be used for quantitation of lipids
_____144. which stain is commonly used as a general stain for epoxy resin sections?
A. toluidine blue C. haematoxylin
B. picro-eosin D. Jenner-Giemsa
_____145. The activity of the final staining haematoxylin solution can be assessed by the
following means, except?
A. refractometry C. spectroscopy
B. thin-layer chromatography D. fluorometry
_____146. Which of the following haematoxylin stains do not use iodate as oxidant to
generate haematein?
A. Gill’s B. Carazzi C. Ehrlich’s D. Harris
_____147. Which of the following chemicals are contained in commercially prepared eosin to
influence staining color?
1. fluorescein 2. erythrosine B 3. tribrornofluorescein 4. C145430
_____148. All of the following are major applications of cryotechnology, except?
A. immunocytochemical demonstration
B. chemical fixation
C. histochemical demonstration
D. rapid diagnostic processing as part of intraoperative consultation
_____149. Which of the following cryogens and absolute temperature used in cryotechniques
for light microscopy do not match?
A. liquid nitrogen: -196C C. liquid nitrogen-isopentane: -30C
B. carbon dioxide gas: -70C D. aerosol sprays: -50C
_____150. Most currently available cryostats have temperature control generally within:
A. ambient to -40C C. ambient to -10C
B. -50C to -70C D. ambient to 0C
_____151. Which of the following knife profile and characteristics do not match?
A. profile A: strongly plane concave/biconcave
B. profile B: plane concave
C. profile C: wedge concave
D. profile D: plane
_____152. All of the following are immunocytochemical fixatives for frozen sections, except:
A. Zamboni’s C. acetone
B. Formol acetic alcohol D. Periodate-lysia-paraformaldehyde
_____153. Which of the following freezing protocols uses sublimation at low pressure and
under vacuum?
A. snap freezing C. fixed and fozen
B. freeze substitution D. freeze drying
_____154. Which of the following is used to demonstrate A cells of the pancreatic islets in
formalin or Bouin’s fixed tissue?
A. Gomori’s aldehyde fuchsin C. Lendrum phloxine tartrazine
B. Grimelius argyrophil technique D. acidified toluidine blue
_____155. Which of the following is used to demonstrate B cells of the pancreatic islets in
formalin or Bouin’s fixed tissue?
A. Gomori’s aldehyde fuchsin C. Lendrum phloxine tartrazine
B. Grimelius argyrophil technique D. acidified toluidine blue
_____156. Prolactin-producing cells can be stained by:
1. Herlart’s erythrocin
2. permanganate-aldehyde-thionin-PAS-orange G
3. Brook’s carmoisine
4. bromine-alcian blue-orange G- acid fucchsin- light green
_____157. Which of the following is used for demonstration of heparin content of mast cell
granules?
1. Churukian and Schenk Toluidineblue 3. azure A
2. naphthol AS-D 4. Fast blue RR
_____158. This hydrophobic mountant is a mixture of eucalyptol, sandarac, paraldehyde and
camsal and is useful for mounting unstained section:
A. DPX B. euparal C. Apathy’s medium D. Farrant’s
medium
_____159. What is the refractive index of water which is used as a convenient temporary
mountant?
A. 1.473 B. 1.333 C. 1.436 D. 1.523
_____160. What is the component of apathy’s medium that will prevent leaching of
metachromatic dyes?
A. gum Arabic C. potassium acetate
B. cane sugar/sucrose D. thymol
HE WHO KNOWS OTHERS IS LEARNED

HE WHO KNOWS HIMSELF IS WISE
HE WHO CONQUERS HIMSELF IS STRONG
HE WHO IS CONTENDED IS RICH
HE WHO IS DETERMINED HAS STRENGTH OF WILL
HE WHO DOES NOT LOSE HIS CENTER ENDURES
EDWIN C. CANCINO,RMT,MPH,PhD


used in:
_____21. Dioxane:
_____22. Acetone:
_____27. Zenker’s:
acid

1. shrinkage is negligible 3. no heat required
2. rapid process 4. minimal distortion of tissue
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong

wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
_____50. THF is a:
wrong
wrong
wrong
1. 55C 2. 60C
wrong
wrong
wrong
and whole organs:
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
1. 10-15u 2. 4-6u
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
_____64. Honing involves the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge, the direction is:
1. toe to heel 2. heel to toe
wrong
wrong
wrong
1. soft 2. brittle
wrong
wrong
wrong
solution
E. used for immediate pathological diagnosis
F. eliminate alteration of tissue caused by fixation
G. permit a wide variety of histochemical procedures
H. none of these
when using:
E. 70% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia water
F. 80% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia water
G. 10% formalin and 90% water
H. 10 parts formalin and 90 parts water
A. 70%-80% B. 75%-80% C. 80% -100% D. 50%-60%
E. alkaline phosphatase containing tissues
F. lipid containing tissues
G. glycogen containing tissues
H. carbohydrate containing tissues
A. -40C B. -70C C. -100C D. -150C
volume of tissue.
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25
wrong
wrong
1. iron 2. alum
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
_____99. It is the term given to any change in the form of the tissues in the section from that
of the tissue in the block.
wrong
infiltration.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

HE WHO DOES NOT LOSE HIS CENTER ENDURES.
HISTOPATHOLOGIC TECHNIQUES
PRE-BOARD EXAMS
NAME _____________________________________________________ Rating ___________________

used in:
_____21. Dioxane:
_____22. Acetone:
_____27. Zenker’s:
acid

1. shrinkage is negligible 3. no heat required
2. rapid process 4. minimal distortion of tissue
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong

wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
_____50. THF is a:
wrong
wrong
wrong
1. 55C 2. 60C
wrong
wrong
wrong
and whole organs:
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
1. 10-15u 2. 4-6u
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
_____64. Honing involves the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge, the direction is:
1. toe to heel 2. heel to toe
wrong
wrong
wrong
1. soft 2. brittle
wrong
wrong
wrong
solution

I. used for immediate pathological diagnosis
J. eliminate alteration of tissue caused by fixation
K. permit a wide variety of histochemical procedures
L. none of these
when using:
I. 70% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia water
J. 80% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia water
K. 10% formalin and 90% water
L. 10 parts formalin and 90 parts water
A. 70%-80% B. 75%-80% C. 80% -100% D. 50%-60%
I. alkaline phosphatase containing tissues
J. lipid containing tissues
K. glycogen containing tissues
L. carbohydrate containing tissues
A. -40C B. -70C C. -100C D. -150C
volume of tissue.
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25
wrong
wrong
1. iron 2. alum
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
wrong
_____99. It is the term given to any change in the form of the tissues in the section from that
of the tissue in the block.
wrong
infiltration.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
HE WHO DOES NOT LOSE HIS CENTER ENDURES.
EDWIN C. CANCINO,RMT,MPH,PhD

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HISTOPATHOLOGY

__________1. Schiff reagent is a basic fuchsin which is a mixture of:

_________17. In staining for enzyme activity, which of the following do not

________30. The mordant used in Mallory’s PTAH is:

________1. Anderson’s Victoria B A. astrocytes

INSTRUCTION. Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements is followed by

_____44. Decalcification methods except: 1. ion exchange resin 2. chelation

_____106. Which of the following tissue variables is correct?

HE WHO KNOWS OTHERS IS LEARNED

INSTRUCTION. Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements is followed by

_____15. Not importance of ferning:

_____31. Brittle or hard to cut tissue may be caused by prolonged:

_____43. effects of fixatives on tissues: 1. denaturationof proteins 2. hardens tissues

HE WHO KNOWS OTHERS IS LEARNED

NAME ___________________________________ Rating _

_____31. Brittle or hard to cut tissue may be caused by prolonged:

_____43. effects of fixatives on tissues: 1. denaturationof proteins 2. hardens tissues

_____72. Which of the following is not attributed to frozen section?

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