Smart Systems

Muhamma Umar Iqtidar Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan

The use of smart systems in product design has become a part integral part of consumer demand it is to meet this demand the maker are making systems more and more smart and compacts. The smart systems will save billions of dollars and hours of man hour the smart systems will make the human life easy and safe in every aspect

Introduction Smart systems are the systems that can sense from the stimulus and then respond according to the situation. Smart systems are efficient and effective systems when talked about designing a product these types of systems are used in making the life easy for the designer as well as the users. The scope of this paper is to discuss these types of systems

the desired action again and the loop continues. The input output device might be a sensor; touch screen in case of touch phone the type of Input Output device might vary according to the application. Smart components are compact as well

Smart systems in product design History of smart (intelligent) products dates back to 1940 after the invention of programmable computer but in the recent times the urge of man to have self-sustaining artificially intelligent products has increased. To compensate that companies have started to design products that are smarter. In smart product different smart systems collectively perform a smart work; these systems have different dumb components that are programmed to work collectively to attain certain task. Working Simple smart system has four basic components. These components are power supply, sensors (to sense),control unit (that takes decisions)and an input/output device(to perform action).The figure shows basic working principle of a smart system used in intelligent products .In this system sensor acquire data from stimulus and send it to control unit, control unit takes the required action and send it to input/output device which takes the required action and receives more data from the user or stimulus and then send the data back to the control unit which then suggest

Fig. 1 basic working of an intelligent system 1 Use of Smart systems in products Automobile In 1980s the concept of smart cars came in and smart cars were take as those cars that were compact but with growing innovations in the automotive industry and in the field of artificial intelligence the concept of Intelligent cruise control, Intelligent control valves, Computer aided ABS breaking systems and many other smart systems the concept of smart has changed totally Mobile phones The first mobile phone was sold in 1970s and after that the development persisted but in the late 1990s the concep t of smart phone came in when a mobile phone was combined with a personal digital assistant after that the mobile phone became smarter and smarter by becoming more compact and increasing processing power and with the innovation of social networking sites and increasing number of sensors mobile phones are becoming smarter

Aircraft Aircraft was had smart systems from mid twentieth century when intelligent weather control system was used in aircraft brakes after that smart systems like fly-by-wire, Autopilot came in up to a level where the airplane whether they are commercial or fighters has become more and more advance

saved man hours for the companies as the delays due to communicators constraints have been covered. Machine to machine Interaction It is the smart systems that has made man to machine and machine to machine interaction easy and efficient the smart and smart systems have made life of designer easy now the ideas can be analyzed and tested on the drawing board and can be manufacture it. The uses of that smart and intelligent technology that the designer can design approve and manufacture products with one click of the button. This smartness saves man hours and tons of money to the industry. CATIA3 CATIA is a perfect example of man to machine and machine to machine interaction .CATIA( Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application) made by the Dassault systems is one of the best set of software used for designing. CATIA is used by many industries of automotive, marine and aircraft industries CATIA can do anything from designing to simulation. CATIA is interactive software which is installed in more than one computer connected by a network. There is a main PC which assigns the assignment and takes input from all the connected computers. It also monitors all the other connected computers .CATIA is also capable of generating machine G codes for the CNCS. Case Study4 The intelligent safety and driving systems used in Mercedes Benz S-class 2014 is a perfect example of Smart systems in designed products. Mentioned below are some of the salient features of the new Mercedes Sensors short-range radar sensors at the front (30 m, 80),1 longrange radar sensor at the front (200 m, 18) with mid-range detection (60 m, 60),2 short-range radar sensors on the sides at the rear (30 m, 80),1 multi-mode radar sensor at the rear (30 m, 80 and 80 m, 16),Stereo camera (Stereo Multi-Purpose Camera, SMPC) located behind the windshield in the vicinity of the rear-view mirror (range 500 m, incl. 3D capability for approx. 50 m, 45),12 ultrasonic sensors (4 each at the front / rear + 2 each on the left / right in the front and rear bumpers),4 cameras as 360 camera system (1 each at the front in the radiator grille / at the rear in the trunk handle recess / on the bottom of the exterior mirror housings, vertical approx. 130, horizontal 180, resolution 1 megapixel (1280 - 800 px)

Electric appliances The use of smart systems have made daily home appliances more easy to use and much more efficient like smart TV made by Samsung can be used as a computer has a process it is intelligent as well as it can detect the motion in room and can turn off automatically Smart Systems and intelligent system in designing products The concept of smart systems have revolutionized the entire concept of product design from the initial concept of product design to the product which is to be designed itself everything has changed now the systems have become more efficient and effective. Mentioned below are some of the features that show how the product design has been revolutionized with smart and intelligent system. Use of smart systems in product design The figure below shows different aspects in which product design has been improved with the utilization of smart and smart systems some of the major aspects are covered below

Fig.2 Basic elements of smart systems in product design

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User interaction It is truly described by the concept of internet of people meets internet of things. With the advancement of the internet now people can talk and exchange data all across the globe with a click of button, now this thing has gone one step further with the production of smart phone and tablets. The huge data base of internet has everything that has been studied till now and (still increasing with the advancement of human knowledge) is one click away. It is the smart systems that have made the storage places for the data smaller and faster and at the same time larger in terms of capacity. It is the smart internet that has made ordering of consumable items availed on the go. The internet has

Fig.3 Mercedes-Benz S-Class sensors5

DISTRONIC PLUS with Steering Assist helps the driver to guide the vehicle in its lane and can follow the vehicle in front in slow-moving traffic automatically, The Brake Assist system BAS PLUS with Cross-Traffic Assist is able to detect cross traffic and also pedestrians, and if necessary boost the braking power applied by the driver accordingly. PRE-SAFE Brake can detect pedestrians and initiate autonomous braking to avoid a collision at low speeds. PRE-SAFE PLUS can recognize an imminent rear-end collision, prompting the PRE-SAFE system to trigger occupant protection measures. It flashes back light to warn and then firmly apply the stationary vehicles brakes in the event of a rear-end collision to prevent secondary accidents. With PRE-SAFE Impulse, the driver and front passenger are pulled away from the direction of impact by their seat belts at an early phase of the crash before the resulting occupant deceleration. This can substantially reduce the risk and severity of injuries. Active Lane Keeping Assist can detect the condition of traffic and when the adjacent lane is clear it helps in changing lane, this prevents damage and it also prevents vehicle from leaving its lane if the steering is left idle by applying the brakes on one side. Adaptive High beam Assist PLUS allows the main-beam headlamps are connected to inbuilt computer which is connected to two sensors located below the frontal bumper. These sensors detect the condition of darkness and then adjust the beam. There are infrared sensors that can detect the presence of animal or pedestrian at night and then applying autonomous breaking ATTENTION ASSIST warns the driver of inattentiveness and drowsiness in an extended speed range and notifies the driver of their current state of fatigue and the driving time since the last break and the steering patterns. PARKING ASSIST can help the driver in parking by detecting the sufficient spaces for parking. Future Trends in Application of Smart Systems6 Some of the fields that will be changed forever by the use of Smart systems are mentioned below. Robot Human Species The implication of smart systems can take the medicine bio-Tec engineering to a level where it can make transhuman which will be helpful in reducing aging and abnormalities. The special suits can revolutionize warfare forever.

Space age Medicine The concept of space age medicine incorporates the use of artificial muscles in body and the robot assistant surgeon which will help pass correct tools and keep track of tool furthermore they will be capable of performing surgery themselves which will be better as human have emotions, shaking hands and are more prone to error. Robotic Servants Robotic servants will do the boring and time consuming work like house cleaning, bedding, laundry and cooking with a single order this will save time and energy Automated Security Although the security systems are automated but there will be a time when robots will be capable of getting rid of conmen themselves this will replace the security guards for ever be replaced forever this will make things and homes safer. Driverless Transport In the near future the cars will be self driven thanks to the smart systems they will be able to drive people safely to their destination all the people will have to do will be to sit back and relax and enjoy the scenery Advantage of Self Driven cars8 According to a research conducted in the USA the majority of the population of use age between 14-35 years of age and out of these 20percent of the population is not having a driving license and the 16percent of population is the generation of space age that means that they have spend their lifes growing up with gaming consoles and smart phones. These people are more exotic drivers and are not very care plus they are not interested in getting driving license. The smart cars have become need of time these smart cars will save $299billon to the us government this technology will use GPS and cameras and many other sensors that will include smart systems the use of smart cars will. The self driven cars have will have a traffic jam alert which will save Americans 4.8 billion hours of time and 1.9 billion gallons of wasted fuel.

Saving the Planets The robots and automated breathers will be able to take care of the air pollutions similarly artificially intelligent devices will be able to differentiate between the hazardous particles and microbes inside water. Tackling Dangerous Jobs All the dangerous jobs like firefighting , boring, drilling all will be done by robots having smart systems .In some countries robots are cleaning mines. Some counties are using these intelligent systems as war fighting elements. Predator (drone) is one such example. Meteorology The meteorologist use computer to detect different patterns that can detect storm or any other abnormality with the use of intelligent systems this can become more efficient and accurate.

Space Exploration Like curiosity the robots will be sent in the far reaches of the space that will be intelligent enough to protect them and to send necessary data back to earth. Autopilots Although autopilots are still there that are able to land the aircraft safely but there will be a time when the autopilots will be able to protect the people and aircraft and will be able to calculate a scenario and land safely one such example is X-47b Smart bridges Smarts bridges are the bridges that can detect the weather conditions and the condition of their wear and tear and then help the engineers to determine whether the bridge is safe to use of not a diagram of smart systems is shown below

Acknowledgement The use of smart systems in product design is a term paper written for a purpose of interactive learning. References http://www.smart-systemsintegration.org/public/documents/presentations/presentatio n-at-the-eposs-general-assembly-annual-forumengagement-day-2012/eposs-annual-forum-2012-27september-2012/session-2-design-and-manufacturingchallenges-in-smart-systemsintegration/Session2_Nb01_Topham_ArtsScience_Fashioning%202020%20Products.pdf
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http://www.windriver.com/m2m/edk/Harbor_ResearchM2 M_and_Smart_Sys_Report.pdf
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http://www.3ds.com/productsservices/catia/capabilities/catia-engineering/
4

http://life.nationalpost.com/2013/07/17/2014-mercedesbenz-s550-4matic-is-the-most-complex-car-on-the-road/
5

http://www.greencarcongress.com/2012/11/mb20121122.html
6

http://dsc.discovery.com/tvshows/curiosity/topics/ways-artificial-intelligencewill-affect-our-lives.htm
Fig 4 schematic diagram of a smart bridge7 Manufacturing This incorporates the use of rapid prototyping computerized numeric controls and nanomites that are a concept of nanotechnology will detect the internal cracks in the materials that are unreachable like the blade of turbine Nanotechnology Nanotechnology in the perfect example of mart system it will be able to perform all the tasks that a person cannot do with his finger that include fighting cancer ,viruses and bacteria and to healing of large ships. Smart Materials Smart systems is nothing without the use of smart materials these material have different properties by combining these properties a desired materials can be achieved .The self healing materials will need certain technology to manufacture and the technology use to manufacture these materials will be manufactured by use of smart systems
7

http://www.journal.forces.gc.ca/vo1/no3/doc/25-32eng.pdf
8

http://www.kpmg.com/Ca/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesP ublications/Documents/self-driving-cars-nextrevolution.pdf

Conclusion It is concluded that the use of smart systems will make the life of human easy and will billions of dollars and millions of man hours. The use of smart systems will also play pivotal role in saving the human race from starvation and will make humans less prone to accident.