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Human-Machine Systems
Manual System: Human controls the operation and expends his/her own energy in operating the system
Example: Person with a hammer
Mechanical Systems: Machine provide the power, but human still controls the operation
Example: Use of power tool
Automated Systems: Machine performs all functions with little or no human intervention. Human are in a monitoring role
Example: Robots
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Classification
Systems consists of individual components, each of which performs separate tasks which helps in the realization of the system goals Basic functions performed by the system components:
1. 2. 3. 4. Information input: Keyboard entry Sensing: computer senses the input and displays it on the monitor Information processing: Computer does calculation based on the input provided Action: Computer displays the output
Human-Machine Systems
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System performance determines what the system must do to fulfill its objectives
Example:
1. 2. How many passengers were transported successfully to their destination on time? What was the percentage utilization of the transportation system?
Identification of intended users Identify the activity-related needs of the intended user the system will address How??
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Help insure that the functions identified match with the needs of the identified users. Collect more detailed information regarding the characteristics, capabilities, and limitations of the intended user population which will be used in the next stage of development.
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C. Task Analysis
D. Job Design
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Examples: increasing number of activities, delegating the responsibility to a complete unit, providing opportunity to select work method, job rotation,
This will lead to greater autonomy to workers, selection of work method, job rotation, delegation of responsibility.
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Engineers get down to the nitty-gritty aspects of hardware and software design as quickly as possible.
Engineers often do not know where to find information they need
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