g CF34-10E BSI Training

CF34-10E
BORESCOPE
INSPECTION
CUSTOMER TRAINING SERVICES
June 2009
GEK#
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CF34-10E
Borescope Inspection
This Publication is for TRAINING PURPOSES ONLY. This information is accurate at the time of
compilation; however, no update service will be furnished to maintain accuracy. For authorized
maintenance practices and specifications, consult the pertinent Maintenance Manual.

This product is considered GE Aircraft Engines technical data information and therefore is exported
under U.S. Government Export License Regulations. It is issued to the user under specific
conditions that the data, or it’s product may not be resold, diverted, transferred, transshipped,
reexported, or used in any other country without prior written approval of the U.S. Government.

The information contained in this document is disclosed in confidence. It is property of GE Aircraft

Engines and shall not be used (except for evaluation), disclosed to others, or reproduced without
the expressed written consent of GEAE. If consent is given for reproduction in whole or in part, this
notice shall appear on any reproduction, in whole or in part. The foregoing is subjected to any
rights the U.S. Government may have acquired as such information.
Copyright 2005
GE Transportation
Published by:
GE Aircraft Engines
Customer Training Services
Customer Technical Education Center
123 Merchant Street
Cincinnati, Ohio 45246

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The purpose of the CF34-10E borescope inspection of selected

areas is to evaluate the condition and, if necessary, monitor
them under a cycle limitation, repair them or remove the engine
before a failure of the components occurs.
All borescope procedures and port locations are illustrated in the
CF34-10E Engine Manual, GEK 112080.
Fan Module
Core Module Low Pressure
Turbine Module

High Pressure Combustor High Pressure

Compressor Turbine

6,000 HOURS
Accessory Gearbox 4,000 HOURS 3,000 HOURS ON CONDITION
Module

CF34-10E Modules
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iSafety iComparative Measurements

iQualification iDocumentation
iUse and Care iRequired Equipment
iScheduled and iIndexing
Special Inspections iInspection Procedures
iTemp Limitations iDefinition of Terms

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iPossibility of electrocution or explosion.

Ensure all equipment is properly grounded

iExtreme light can cause temporary

blindness and can lead to fatigue

iBe aware of heat generated from light sources,

they can cause burns

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i Motivated subject matter experts work best

i Consider shop size, too many qualified

people = less practice, which can = mistakes

i Proficiency is one of the keys to becoming

an expert boroscope inspector

An incorrect inspection can cause the

removal of an engine that is not necessary

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i Scopes are very expensive

i Know your equipment, do not step on it,

close it in tool boxes, insert it into hot sections, etc...

i Know where you are

i Seek help if you get lost

i Always refer to the most current inspection criteria

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•Scheduled Inspections
The CF34-10E Engine Maintenance Programs establishes inspections intervals.
These inspections and limits apply to an assembled engine and are used to
establish continued airworthiness.

•Special Inspections
It is necessary for the maintenance of the engine that some inspections be made
on an unscheduled basis to be certain that the engine will operate at it’s best level.
These inspections are necessary when the engine has been operated in an
abnormal condition or event.

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Examples of Special Inspection included in the

maintenance manual.
iBird strike
iCompressor stall
iOvertemperature
iVisible flames from the tail pipe
iOverspeed
iLoss of performance
iFOD Ingestion
iOperation in Volcanic Ash

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MAKE SURE THAT THE INTERTURBINE TEMPERATURE (ITT)

IS LESS THAN 122 DEGREES F (50 DEGREES C) BEFORE
YOU START THE BORESCOPE INSPECTION PROCEDURE.

IF ITT IS MORE THAN 122 DEGREES F, DAMAGE TO THE

BORESCOPE CAN OCCUR.

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The intent of comparative measuring is to get the most

accurate estimate of damage and compare that to the manual
limits to determine if the engine is safe to operate.

One source available for the most accurate measurement

would be when the equipment itself does the measuring and documents it.

A good reference to compare defects to would include:

iBlade locking hardware
iCooling hole dimensions within liners
iGill holes in nozzles and turbine blades
iBlade and platform lengths
iA defect located next to a bolt head
iAnd good old fashioned (.032) safety wire

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hThe final and most important step

iClearly define what you found

iProper documentation results in less
maintenance in the future due to duplication
of defects being recorded by previous
inspections

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Date A/C Tail ESN
Documentation
/ Posit. Start Time Finish Time Total Time
/
TSN CSN TSI CSI Work on CF34-10E performed at:
(a) Hangar (b) Ramp (A) SJK (B) GPX

(1) Fan Area

1.1) GVI
1.2) Abradable
1.3) Fan Blades
(2) Boster
1.1) S0 Stg 2 Vane assembly
Stg 3 Vane assembly
Stg 3 Rotor Blades TE
Stg 4 Vane assembly
Stg 4 Rotor Blades LE
(3) Compressor Area
3.1) S1 IGV Stator Vanes
Stage 1 Blades LE 38
3.2) S2 Stage 1 stator vanes
Stage 1 Blades TE 38
Stage 2 Blades LE 53
3.3) S3 Stage 2 stator vanes
Stage 2 Blades TE 53
Stage 3 Blades LE 60
3.4) S4 Stage 3 stator vanes
Stage 3 Blades TE 60
Stage 4 Blades LE 68
3.5) S5 Stage 4 stator vanes
Stage 4 Blades TE
Stage 5 Blades LE 75
3.6) S6 Stage 5 stator vanes
Stage 5 Blades TE 75
Stage 6 Blades LE 82
3.7) S7 Stage 6 stator vanes
Stage 6 Blades TE 82
Stage 7 Blades LE 82
3.8) S8 Stage 7 stator vanes
Stage 7 Blades TE 82
Stage 8 Blades LE 80
3.(9) S9 Stage 8 stator vanes
Stage 8 Blades TE 80
Stage 9 Blades LE 76
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Documentation

(4) Combustor
4.1) S10 outer liner (c old side)
plus S11/S12
4.2) S13 inner and outer liners
plus S14 (flame side)
(igniter) HPT nozzle segm. LE 19
HPT Blades LE 68
(5) High Pressure Turbine/Low Pressure Turbine Nozzle
5.1) S15 HPT nozzle segm. TE 19
plus S16 Stg 1 LPT Nozzle segm.
HPT Blades TE 68
(6) Low Pressure Turbine
6.1) S17 Stg 1LPT Blades TE 146
Stg 2 LPT Nozzle Segm.
Stg 2 LPT Blades LE 124
6.2) S18 Stg 2 LPT Blades TE 124
Stg 3 LPT Nozzle Segm.
Stg 3 LPT Blades LE 102
6.3) ext. Stg 4 LPT Blades TE

Observation:

Work acc omplished by:

Print Name: Signature:

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References/Equipment

Ref: CF34-10 Engine Manual

Engine Assembly – Inspection 02 – Borescope Inspection
Task 72-00-00-200-803
G. The equipment that follows is the minimum equipment necessary to
do a borescope inspection:

Use a flexible borescope (fiberscope) that is 6 millimeters in diameter
(maximum) by 1 meter long (minimum) for the booster

Use a flexible borescope (fiberscope) that is 6 millimeters in diameter
(maximum) by 1 meter long (minimum) for the hot section and general
purposes

Use a rigid borescope (right angle viewing) that is 6 millimeters in
diameter (maximum) by 381 millimeters long (minimum) for the compressor
section, the HPT components, HPT nozzle assembly, HPT rotor blades,
and the LPT components.

Use a rigid borescope that is 6 millimeters in diameter by 381 millimeters
long (minimum) for the combustion chamber

A compatible light source is necessary for all assemblies.
H. The equipment that follows is optional to do a borescope inspection:

Additional 8 millimeter and 10 millimeter diameter rigid borescopes

Video/digital/recording system

Still-photo camera attachments.
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BSI Ports Overview
COMPRESSOR COMBUSTOR
- 9 Borescope Ports - 3 Borescope Ports
- plus 2 igniter ports

Booster
- 1 Borescope Port
(Open Hole in Case)

FWD

HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE LOW PRESSURE TURBINE

- 2 Borescope Ports - 2 Borescope Ports

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BSI Ports Overview

Engine Right Side

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BSI Ports Overview

Engine Right Side

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BSI Ports Overview

Engine Left Side

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Ports “S0”
Booster Compressor

“S0”
BORESCOPE
PORT

3:15 Below
3:00 Strut

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3:00 STRUT

“S0” PORT

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Ports “S0”
Booster Compressor

Port o'clock position Blade/Vane

Visible Components
Number AFT looking FWD Qty.
Stage 2 Fan Rotor
S0 3:15 Between OGVs 68
Blades Leading Edge
Stage 2 Vane assembly
Stage 3 Vane assembly
Stage 3 Fan Rotor OGV
72
Blades trailing edge
Stage 4 Vane assembly

A good view of Stage 2 Booster blades can be

done by using a flex probe and a “Rigidizer”, resting
the scope against the fan case, going between two
OGVs and attenuating over the splitter lip back to
the blades.

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 - BORESCOPE INSPECTION

SUBTASK 72-00-00-220-094

Borescope Inspection of the Fan and Booster Assembly.

TABLE 802. Fan and Booster Assembly - Borescope Inspection

Booster Compressor Stages 2-4 Rotor Blades

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 - BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-094

Borescope Inspection of the Fan and Booster Assembly.

TABLE 802. Fan and Booster Assembly - Borescope Inspection

Booster Compressor Stator Assemblies

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Ports “S1 to S9”

High Pressure Compressor

STAGES 1 - 6
• Lubrication Type: Anti-seize compound
(*C02-058)
• Torque per Engine Manual specification
STAGES 7-9
• Lube the inner and outer plug threads and
the seating surface of the outer plug with
never-seez pure nickel special grade.
(*C02-071) Thread in the inner plug and
torque per Engine Manual specification
• Compress the spring and manually tighten
the outer cap.
• Torque per Engine Manual specification
• Safety wire not required per TR 72-0003

* C02-071 – Never-seez
* C02-058 – Petrolatum Graphite

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Engine Turning Techniques

• Remove TGB Cranking Plug

• Insert a 3/8 inch drive into the
cranking plug
• Slowly turn the gearshaft in a
CW or a CCW direction to turn the
compressor rotor and the HPT
rotor.

“DOR” – Direction of Rotation of Engine is

“Counterclockwise” when turning the cranking
pad “Clockwise”.

CAUTION:
BEFORE YOU TURN THE ROTOR, MAKE
SURE THAT THE BORESCOPE WILL
NOT TOUCH ENGINE INTERNAL PARTS
WHEN THE ROTOR MOVES. IF NOT,
DAMAGE TO THE INTERNAL PARTS OF
THE ENGINE AND THE BORESCOPE
CAN OCCUR!

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Engine Turning Techniques

3/8 inch drive

NOTE: One turn of the gearshaft is the same as 1 ½ turns of the

compressor rotor assembly and HPT rotor assembly.

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(1) Lubricate the threads and friction surfaces of

the cranking plug with engine oil.
(2) Lubricate a new preformed packing, the
preformed packing groove of the cranking plug,
and the ID mating surface of the TGB with engine
oil.
(3) Remove any unwanted engine oil.
(4) Put the preformed packing in the preformed
packing groove of the cranking plug.
(5) Install the cranking plug on the TGB.
(6) Torque the cranking plug to Engine Manual
specification

Installation of Cranking Plug

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Ports “S1 to S9”

High Pressure Compressor

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S1 2:00 IGV Compressor Stator Vanes

Compressor Rotor Stage 1 Blades Leading 38
S2 2:00 Stage 1 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 1 Blades Trailing 38
Compressor Rotor Stage 2 Blades Leading 53
S3 2:00 Stage 2 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 2 Blades Trailing 53
Compressor Rotor Stage 3 Blades Leading 60
S4 2:00 Stage 3 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 3 Blades Trailing 60
Compressor Rotor Stage 4 Blades Leading 68
S5 2:00 Stage 4 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 4 Blades Trailing 68
Compressor Rotor Stage 5 Blades Leading 75
S6 2:00 Stage 5 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 5 Blades Trailing 75
Compressor Rotor Stage 6 Blades Leading 82
S7 2:00 Stage 6 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 6 Blades Trailing 82
Compressor Rotor Stage 7 Blades Leading 82
S8 2:00 Stage 7 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 7 Blades Trailing 82
Compressor Rotor Stage 8 Blades Leading 80
S9 2:00 Stage 8 compressor stator vanes
Compressor Rotor Stage 8 Blades Trailing 80
Compressor Rotor Stage 9 Blades Leading 76

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Setting a reference position to the

rotor provides an easy method to
come back quickly and accurately to
a defect found earlier
Stages 4-9 Blade Locks

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION
002 - BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-003

Borescope Inspection of the
Compressor Rotor and Stator
Assemblies.

TABLE 803. Compressor Rotor and
Stator Assemblies - Borescope
Inspection

HPC Stage 1 Blades

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION
002 - BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-003

Borescope Inspection of the
Compressor Rotor and Stator
Assemblies.

TABLE 803. Compressor Rotor
and Stator Assemblies - Borescope
Inspection

HPC Stages 2-3 Blades

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION
002 - BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-003

Borescope Inspection of the
Compressor Rotor and Stator
Assemblies.

TABLE 803. Compressor Rotor
and Stator Assemblies - Borescope
Inspection

HPC Stages 4-9 Blades

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION
002 - BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-003

Borescope Inspection of the
Compressor Rotor and Stator
Assemblies.

TABLE 803. Compressor Rotor
and Stator Assemblies - Borescope
Inspection

HPC Stators, Variable and Fixed

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Shroud Rub
VSV
Blade

Stator
Blade
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Ports “S10-S11-S12”
Combustion Chamber
Routine Inspection

Information
• Lubrication Type- Anti-seize compound (C02-058)
• Torque per Engine Manual specification

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Ports “S13-S14”
Combustion Chamber
Detailed Inspection, HPT
Nozzle, HPT Blade

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o'clock
Blade/Vane
Port Number position AFT Visible Components
Qty.
looking FWD
S10 2:00
Combustion Chamber outer liner
S11 5:00
(c old side)
S12 11:00
S13 4:00
8:00 Combustion Chamber inner and
S14
outer liners (flame side)
(Igniter Ports)
HPT Stator nozzle vanes
38
leadging edge
HPT Rotor Blades leading edge 68

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Combustion Liner Definitions

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 -
BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-015

Routine Borescope Inspection of the
Combustion Chamber Assembly.

TABLE 804. Combustion Chamber
Assembly - Routine Borescope Inspection

Combustion Chamber Assembly
(Optional).

TABLE 805. Combustion Chamber
Assembly - Optional Borescope Inspection

Comparative Measurements and Definitions

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 -
BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-078

Borescope Inspection of the HPT
Nozzle Assembly and HPT Rotor
Blades Leading Edge.

TABLE 806. HPT Nozzle Assembly and
Leading Edge of the HPT Rotor Blade –
Borescope Inspection

HPT Nozzle
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Ports “S15-S16”
HPT Blade, Stage 1 LPT
Nozzle, LPT Stage 1 Rotor

Information
• Lubricate the plug threads with engine oil
• Push, with moderate force, as the plug is
spring loaded, the outer cap inward until the
plug threads engage into the HPT case
• Torque per Engine Manual specification

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LPT Nozzle
Vanes

o'clock position
Port Blade/Vane
AFT looking Visible Components
Number Qty.
FWD
S15 2:30
HPT Stator nozzle vanes trailing edge 38
S16 9:00
Stage 1 LPT Stator Nozzle vanes 84
HPT Rotor Blades trailing edge 68

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 -
BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-078

Borescope Inspection of the HPT Nozzle
Assembly and HPT Rotor Blades Leading
Edge.

TABLE 806. HPT Nozzle Assembly and
Leading Edge of the HPT Rotor
Blade – Borescope Inspection

0.100 in.
(2.54 mm) Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 -
BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-027

Borescope Inspection of the HPT Rotor
Blades Trailing Edge and HPT Shroud/LPT
Nozzle Assembly.

TABLE 807. Trailing Edges of HPT
Rotor Blades and HPT Shroud/LPT
Nozzle Assembly - Borescope Inspection
HPT Blade
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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 -
BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-027

Borescope Inspection of the HPT Rotor
Blades Trailing Edge and HPT
Shroud/LPT Nozzle Assembly.

TABLE 807. Trailing Edges of HPT Rotor
Blades and HPT Shroud/LPT Nozzle
Assembly - Borescope Inspection

LPT Stage 1 Nozzle

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Ports “S17-S18”
LPT Stage 1, Stage,
Stage 3 Rotor

Information
• Lubricate the plug threads with engine oil
• Torque per Engine Manual specification

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o'clock position AFT Blade/Vane
Port Number Visible Components
looking FWD Qty.
S17 2:00 Stage 1LPT Blades traling edge 146
Stage 2 LPT Nozzle Segments
Stage 2 LPT Blades Leading edge 124
S18 2:00 Stage 2LPT Blades traling edge 124
Stage 3 LPT Nozzle Segments
Stage 3 LPT Blades Leading edge 102

LPT STG 1 Blade

LPT STG 2 Nozzle

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Reference:

CF34-10E Manual

ENGINE ASSEMBLY - INSPECTION 002 -
BORESCOPE INSPECTION

TASK 72-00-00-220-036

Borescope Inspection of the LPT Rotor and
Stator Assembly.

TABLE 808. LPT Rotor and Stator Assembly -
Borescope Inspection

Stage 1-4 LPT Blades Stage 2-4 LPT Nozzle Segments

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Definition of Terms

Blister – A raised portion of a surface caused by separation of the outer layers of the parent material or a coating applied to it.

Buckle – A large scale deformation of the original contour of a part, usually caused by pressure or impact from a foreign object,
structural stresses, excessive localized heating, high-pressure differentials, or any combination of these.

Burnout – A rapid, destructive, oxidizing action, usually caused by higher temperature than the parent material can withstand.
A change in appearance or color often indicates this condition.

Burr – A rough edge or a sharp protrusion on the edge or surface of the parent material.

Chip – A breaking away of the edge of the parent material, usually caused by heavy impact from a foreign object.

Corrosion – A mass of small pits which cumulatively create a large, shallow cavity. Usually indicates as a roughness in the
surface of the parent material.

Crack – A parting, separation, or discontinuity in the parent material.

Delamination – Separation of the layers of material in a laminate, either locally or covering a wide area.

Dent - A smooth, rounded depression in the airfoil made by impact with a rounded object. If there is a noticeable sharp
discontinuity in the depression, it should be considered a nick. Waviness of leading or trailing edge is to be treated as a dent.

Distortion – Any twisting, bending or permanent strain that results in misalignment or change of shape.

Erosion – A sand, or shot blasting effect on the leading edges or leading portion of the concave side, caused by sand or dust
going through the engine.

Gouge – A wide, rough scratch or group of scratches, usually with one or more incised corners, and frequently accompanied
by deformation or removal of parent material.

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Definition of Terms

Groove – A long, narrow, continuous depression cased by pressure of a moving surface in contact with the parent material.

High Metal – Displaced metal adjacent to a defect such as a scratch, nick, or gouge, which is raised above the surrounding surface.

Hot Gas Corrosion (Sulfidation) – The corrosion of unprotected metal that has been exposed to hot gases. Hot gas corrosion
has typically found on HPT blades as a white deposit. This kind of corrosion differs from that normally found on
surfaces attacked only by salt in the atmosphere. In hot gas corrosion, the hot gases convert sulphur to sulfide
in the presence of salt.

Metal Splatter – The splash of molten material that adheres to a surface when cooled.
Nick – A V-shaped depression in the airfoil made by a sharp-edged object pushing the metal inward.

Pit – A round, sharp-edged hole with a rounded bottom caused by corrosion.

Rub – A surface depression or displacement caused by two surfaces moving while in contact with each other. If it is shallow and
smooth, it can be termed as “wear’. If the impression is sharp, it can be term as a “scratch”.

Scratch – A V-shaped line or furrow in the airfoil, such as would be made by dragging a sharp object across the surface.

Spalling – Cracking off or flaking of metal from the surface, usually in thin layers or localized spots.

Tip Curl – Impact damage usually on the airfoil tips where there is bending of the airfoil away from the original contour.

Torn Metal – A separation or pulling apart of material by force, leaving jagged edges.

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