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Heart Structure:
Label the diagram of the heart
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Structure
Function
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Atrio-ventricular valves
Semi-lunar valves
Diastole
Atrial systole
Ventricular systole
Explain why the semi-lunar valves close in diastole in terms of the pressure in the aorta,
pulmonary artery and ventricles:
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Explain why the atrio-ventricular valves open in atrial systole in terms of the different
pressures in the atria and ventricles:
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Explain the positions (open or closed) of the atrio-ventricular valves and semi-lunar valves
in ventricular systole:
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Explain the relationship between the volume and pressure in the ventricles:
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Why does the atrial pressure increase during ventricular systole?
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Why does the pressure in both the atria and ventricles increase during diastole?
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What do you think the phonocardiagram is detecting and points 1 and 2?
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What is hypertension and what sustained value for blood pressure is an indicator for it?
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What is hypotension and what blood pressure value is an indicator for it?
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What conditions could result in hypotension and hypertension?
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Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases consist of which two groups of diseases?
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Using the information in the diagram on page ? answer the questions below:
What is the biggest cause of death in men of all ages?
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What is the biggest cause of death in men aged-20 74?
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How are deaths classified in this age group?
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What causes the artheroma to harden and what effect does this have on the functioning
of arteries?
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Based on the information above give a more detailed definition for arthersclerosis:
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Heart Disease
Name the two most common forms of heart disease:
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Explain the link between artherosclerosis and angina:
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What lifestyle changes can help prevent or reduce angina?
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How do drugs help treat angina?
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In severe cases what else maybe required to treat angina?
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What is a myocardial infarction?
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What three events or factors trigger the clotting cascade in arteries affected by
artherosclerosis?
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What is a coronary thrombosis and how can it lead to a heart attack?
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Describe some symptoms of a heart attack:
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Why is aspirin a useful first aid treatment for suspected heart attacks?
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What is a stroke?
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What are the two events that can cause a stroke?
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What determines the severity of a stroke?
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What are some of the symptoms of a stroke?
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ANSWER QUESTIONS 1 AND 2 ON PAGE 33 (Hint: question 1 requires actual detail of
the blood clotting process)
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