UNIT I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS AND TRANSFORMS

1. Define Image? Define Image Sampling? Define Quantization ? What is Dynamic Range? Define Mach band effect? Define Brightness? Define Tapered Quantization? What do you meant by Gray level? Define Resolutions? Write the expression to find the number of bits to store a digital image? What do you meant by Zooming of digital images? What do you meant by shrinking of digital images? Define the term Radiance? Define the term Luminance? What is Image Transform? What are the applications of transform? Give the Conditions for perfect transform? What are the properties of unitary transform? Write the expression of one-dimensional discrete Fourier transforms? Properties of twiddle factor? Give the Properties of one-dimensional and two-dimensional DFT What is sine, cosine transform? Write the properties of sine, cosine transform? Write the properties of Hadamard transform? Define Haar transform? What are the properties of Haar transform. What are the Properties of Slant transform? Define of KL Transform? Justify that KLT is an optimal transform. Explain the term digital image. any four applications of DIP. What is the effect of Mach band pattern. Write down the properties of 2D fourier transform.

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UNIT II IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. What is Image Enhancement? Name the categories of Image Enhancement and explain? What do you mean by Point processing? Explain Mask or Kernels?

What is Image Negatives?

Define Histogram? Define Derivative filter? Explain spatial filtering? Define averaging filters?

10. What is a Median filter? 11. What is maximum filter and minimum filter? 12. Define high boost filter? 13. State the condition of transformation function s=T(r) 14. Write the application of sharpening filters? 15. Name the different types of derivative filters? 16. What is enhancement. 17. What is point processing. 18. What is gray level slicing. 19. What is histogram equalization? 20. What is contrast stretching? 21. Define image subtraction. 22. What is the purpose of image averaging? 23. What is meant by masking? 24. What is meant by bit plane slicing?

UNIT IV IMAGE COMPRESSION

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What is Data Compression? What are two main types of Data compression? What is the need for Compression? What are different Compression Methods? What is run length coding? Define compression ratio. Give an example for Run length Encoding. What is Huffman Coding? What is Arithmetic Coding?

10. What is JPEG? 11. What are the basic steps in JPEG? 12. What is MPEG? 13. What is transform coding? 14. What are the different transforms used in transform coding and how they differ? 15. Find the number of bits to store a 128_128 image with 64 gray levels. 16. What is image compression, coding redundancy, interpixel redundancy, and psycho visual redundancy? 17. Define encoder, source encoder, channel encoder. 18. What are the types of decoder? 19. What is Variable Length coding? 20. What are the operations performed by error free compression?

UNIT V

IMAGE ANALYSIS
1. What is segmentation?

2. Write the applications of segmentation. 3. What are the three types of discontinuity in digital image? 4. How the discontinuity is detected in an image using segmentation?
5. Why edge detection is most common approach for detecting discontinuities?

6. How the derivatives are obtained in edge detection during formulation? 7. Write about linking edge points.
8. What are the two properties used for establishing similarity of edge pixels?

9. Explain about gradient operator. 10. What is the advantage of using sobel operator? 11. What is pattern? What is pattern class? 12. What is pattern recognition? What are the three principle pattern arrangements? 13. Define the chessboard distance 14. What is edge? 15. Give the properties of the second derivative around an edge? 16. What is meant by object point and background point? 17. What is global, local and dynamic or adaptive threshold? 18. Define region growing? 19. Specify the steps involved in splitting and merging? 20. What is meant by markers? 21. Define Chain codes? 22. Specify the various polygonal approximation methods. 23. Name few boundary descriptors

UNIT VI IMAGE RESTORATION 1. Define Restoration? How a degradation process is modeled? What is homogeneity property and what is the significance of this property? Define circulant matrix? What is the concept behind algebraic approach to restoration? Why the image is subjected to wiener filtering? Define spatial transformation? Give one example for the principal source of noise? When does the degradation model satisfy position invariant property? Why the restoration is called as unconstrained restoration? Which is the most frequent method to overcome the difficulty to formulate the spatial relocation of pixels?

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12. What are the three methods of estimating the degradation function? 13. How the blur is removed caused by uniform linear motion? 14. What is inverse filtering? 15. Give the difference between Enhancement and Restoration? 16. Define the degradation phenomena? 17. What is blind image restoration 18. What are the 2 properties in Linear operator? Explain additivity property in Linear Operator? 19. What are the 2 methods of algebraic approach? 20. What is meant by Noise probability density function? 21. What are the types of noise models? 22. What is meant by least mean square filter? 23. What are the 2 approaches for blind image restoration?