JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY

Bachelor of Landscape Architecture (B.Land.Arch.) ABL 2102: Physical Environment I Continuous assessment test I This paper contains fifty multi choices questions, answer ALL Questions. Time allowed: 2hours

1. Which two aspects of the hydrologic cycle release water vapour directly to the atmosphere? a) Runoff and infiltration b) Precipitation and runoff c) Evaporation and transpiration d) Discharge and translocation a) Expiration and exhortation 2. Which statement is correct? a) Sea level drops when water is stored in expanding glaciers. b) Sea level rises when is added to the oceans through increased rainfall and increased inflow from rivers. c) Sea level drops when evaporation rates increase over the oceans and when this extra, atmosphere moisture falls on land as rain. d) Sea level drops when evaporation rates decreases over the oceans and when this extra, atmosphere moisture falls on land as rain. e) Sea level drops when water is stored in expanding clouds. 3. On which layer is OZONE found a) Earthmosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Stratosphere e) Thermosphere

4. On which layer does weather occur? a) Earthmosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Stratosphere e) Thermosphere 5. Which layer is the coldest? a) Earthmosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Stratosphere e) Thermosphere 6. Most of the weather phenomena occur in that part of atmosphere, which is known as a) Exosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Stratosphere e) Thermosphere 7. Humidity is measured by a) Hydrometer b) Heptameter c) Hygrometer d) Anemometer e) Coulometer 8. Cloud formation occurs in a) Earthmosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Stratosphere

e) Thermosphere 9. The temperature of air at which it becomes just fully saturated with the available vapour is known as a) Dew point b) Opul point c) Cloud point d) Frost point e) Vapour point 10. The temperature of the atmosphere remains fairly constant with altitude in a) ionosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Stratosphere e) Thermosphere 11. Which major river cause perpetual floods in BUDALANGI-BUSIA County? a) Sio b) Lwak c) Nzoia d) Nyando e) Victoria 12. Precipitation occurring in droplets of size more than 10mm and fall at a speed of more than 20m/sec will be in the form of a) Water b) Rain c) Sleet d) Hail e) Ice

13. The graph produced by an instrument which measure the variation of atmospheric temperature with time is called a a) Thermograph b) Hydrograph c) Seismograph d) Thermo hydrograph e) Opulograph 14. All Kenya weather forecasts of rainfall are prepared at a) KMD, Nairobi b) KBS, Nairobi c) KMC, Nairobi d) UNEP, Nairobi e) KARI, Nairobi 15. The convective precipitation is caused when a) Upward movement of moist air is produced by surface heating b) Upward movement of moist air is produced by surface cooling c) A disturbance on the air front develops into a cyclone d) The colder air mass forms a wedge, lifting the warm air mass e) The orographic cooling takes place over a mountainous slope 16. Hills and mountains do help in bringing precipitation of the type a) Orographic b) Orocyctonic c) Orthographic d) Convectional e) Opulographic 17. You are asked to install rain gauges in areas, which become inaccessible during rainy seasons which type of gauges would you recommend a) Symonss type b) Siphon type

c) Tipping bucket type d) Weighing bucket type e) Keeping and going type 18. A line joining places of equal rainfall is called a a) Contour b) Hyetograph c) Isobar d) Isotherm e) Isohyet 19. A line joining places of equal heights is called a a) Contour b) Altitude c) Isobar d) Isotherm e) Isohyet 20. A line joining places of equal atmospheric pressures is called a a) Isothermals b) Altitude c) Isobar d) Isotherm e) Isohyet 21. A line joining places of equal atmospheric temperatures is called a a) Isothermals b) Altitude c) Isobar d) Isotherm e) Isohyet

22. Variability of annual rainfall in western Kenya is a) Bimodal b) Trinomial c) Singlomial d) Monomial e) Quarternomial 23. Variability of annual rainfall in coastal region in Kenya is a) Bimodal b) Trinomial c) Singlomial d) Monomial e) Quarternomial 24. Long rains in Kenya are normally experience during the months of a) January-February-March b) October November-December c) March April May d) April-May-June e) July August-September 25. Short rains in Kenya are normally experience during the months of a) January-February-March b) October November-December c) March April May d) April-May-June e) July August-September 26. Evaporation is measured by a) An ammeter b) An anemometer c) An evaporimonometer

d) Pan Evaporimeter e) A lysimeter

27. The evaporation from plants and from the surrounding soils together is referred to as a) Vaporisation b) Evapotranspiration c) Transpiration d) Hydration e) Opulvapotranspiration 28. Which region receives the maximum monsoon rain in our country? a) The North-East Region b) The Coastal Region c) The Western and Nyanza Region d) The North Rift and Upper Eastern Region e) The Nairobi and central region 29. The circulation of water from the earths surface to the atmosphere and vice versa is called a) Opulocycle b) Run-off cycle c) Precipitation cycle d) Hydrologic cycle e) Water cycle 30. A rain gauge should preferably be fixed a) Near the building b) Under the tree c) In an open space d) In an closed space e) In a play open field

31. Which area or region of Kenya receives the least rainfall? a) The North-Eastern And North Rift Region b) The Coastal Region c) The Western and Nyanza Region d) The North Rift and Upper Eastern Region e) The Nairobi and central region 32. Why are sunsets red? a) During a sunset, more blue, yellow, orange light is scattered toward you because of aerosols, in the lower atmosphere compared to the amount of black or white light that is scattered b) During a sunset, more bright colour light is scattered toward you because of aerosols, in the lower atmosphere compared to the amount of dark and dull light that is scattered c) During a sunset, more orange light is scattered toward you because of aerosols, in the lower atmosphere compared to the amount of blue of green light that is scattered d) During a sunset, more red light is scattered toward you because of aerosols, in the lower atmosphere compared to the amount of blue of green light that is scattered e) During a sunset, more red light is scattered toward you because of aerosols, in the lower atmosphere compared to the amount of brown of grey light that is scattered 33. What causes the seasons? a) The tilt of the earths rotational axis away or toward the moon as it travels through its year-long path around the moon b) The tilt of the suns rotational axis away or toward the earth as it travels through its year-long path around the earth c) The tilt of the suns revolution around its orbit as it travels through its yearly rotational path around the earth d) The tilt of the moons revolution around its orbit as it travels through its yearly rotational path around the earth e) The tilt of the earths rotational axis away or toward the sun as it travels through its year-long path around the sun

34. What is a solstice? a) Is an astronomical event that happens twice each year when the suns apparent position in the sky as viewed from earth, reaches its northernmost or southernmost extremes b) Is an astronomical event that happens twice each year when the moons apparent position in the sky as viewed from earth, reaches its northernmost or southernmost extremes c) Is an astronomical event that happens twice each year when the moons apparent position in the sky as viewed from earth, reaches its easternmost or westernmost extremes d) Is an astronomical event that happens twice each year when the suns apparent position in the sky as viewed from earth, reaches its easternmost or westernmost extremes e) Is an astronomical event that happens four times each year when the suns apparent position in the sky as viewed from earth, reaches its easternmost or westernmost or northernmost or southernmost extremes 35. What is an anvil cloud? a) It is mostly composed of ice particles, formed in the lower parts of the thunderstorms b) It is mostly composed of ice particles, formed in the ground level c) It is mostly composed of ice particles, formed in the upper parts of the thunderstorms d) It is mostly composed of ice particles, formed in the fog clouds e) It is mostly composed of ice particles, forms like fog and produces lightening 36. What causes lightening? a) Lightening is produced in clouds composed of ice particles where liquid and ice particles above and below collides, and builds up large giant sparks in the clouds b) Lightening is produced in thunderstorms when liquid and ice particles above freezing level collide, and build up large electrical fields in the clouds c) Lightening is produced in troposphere when liquid and ice particles above warm up, and collide down to generate large electrical fields in the air d) Lightening is produced in stratosphere when liquid and ice particles above freezing level collide, and build up large electrical fields in the clouds

e) Lightening is produced in thunderstorms when warmer dusts above freezing level collide, and build up large electrical fields that generate Hugh light

37. Meteorology a) Is defined as a branch of physics dealing with lower atmosphere (Atmosphere is deep blanket of gases surrounding the earth) with particular emphasis to the phenomenon. b) Is a science investigating the meteorologic, climatologic and hydrologic conditions, which are significant for agriculture owing to their interaction with the objects and processes of agricultural production. c) Is the science which studies the circulation and distribution of water near the surface of the earth: through the atmosphere (evaporation, transpiration, precipitation), on the earths surface (rivers, oceans, small streams, surface runoff), and below the ground surface (ground water flow, drainage). d) It studies only that part of the hydrologic cycle which is relevant for agricultural purposes and deals with the circulation of water through the plant, atmosphere and the soil. e) Refers to the study of weather patterns over time and space. individual

38. Agro metrology

a) Is defined as a branch of physics dealing with lower atmosphere (Atmosphere is deep blanket of gases surrounding the earth) with particular emphasis to the phenomenon. b) Is a science investigating the meteorologic, climatologic and hydrologic conditions, which are significant for agriculture owing to their interaction with the objects and processes of agricultural production. c) Is the science which studies the circulation and distribution of water near the surface of the earth: through the atmosphere (evaporation, transpiration, precipitation), on the earths surface (rivers, oceans, small streams, surface runoff), and below the ground surface (ground water flow, drainage). individual

d) It studies only that part of the hydrologic cycle which is relevant for agricultural purposes and deals with the circulation of water through the plant, atmosphere and the soil. e) Refers to the study of weather patterns over time and space. 39. Hydrology a) Is defined as a branch of physics dealing with lower atmosphere (Atmosphere is deep blanket of gases surrounding the earth) with particular emphasis to the phenomenon. b) Is a science investigating the meteorologic, climatologic and hydrologic conditions, which are significant for agriculture owing to their interaction with the objects and processes of agricultural production. c) Is the science which studies the circulation and distribution of water near the surface of the earth: through the atmosphere (evaporation, transpiration, precipitation), on the earths surface (rivers, oceans, small streams, surface runoff), and below the ground surface (ground water flow, drainage). d) It studies only that part of the hydrologic cycle which is relevant for agricultural purposes and deals with the circulation of water through the plant, atmosphere and the soil. e) Refers to the study of weather patterns over time and space. 40. Agro hydrology a) Is defined as a branch of physics dealing with lower atmosphere (Atmosphere is deep blanket of gases surrounding the earth) with particular emphasis to the phenomenon. b) Is a science investigating the meteorologic, climatologic and hydrologic conditions, which are significant for agriculture owing to their interaction with the objects and processes of agricultural production. c) Is the science which studies the circulation and distribution of water near the surface of the earth: through the atmosphere (evaporation, transpiration, precipitation), on the earths surface (rivers, oceans, small streams, surface runoff), and below the ground surface (ground water flow, drainage). individual individual

d) It studies only that part of the hydrologic cycle which is relevant for agricultural purposes and deals with the circulation of water through the plant, atmosphere and the soil. e) Refers to the study of weather patterns over time and space. 41. Weather a) Is defined as a branch of physics dealing with lower atmosphere (Atmosphere is deep blanket of gases surrounding the earth) with particular emphasis to the phenomenon. b) Is a science investigating the meteorologic, climatologic and hydrologic conditions, which are significant for agriculture owing to their interaction with the objects and processes of agricultural production. c) Is the science which studies the circulation and distribution of water near the surface of the earth: through the atmosphere (evaporation, transpiration, precipitation), on the earths surface (rivers, oceans, small streams, surface runoff), and below the ground surface (ground water flow, drainage). d) It studies only that part of the hydrologic cycle which is relevant for agricultural purposes and deals with the circulation of water through the plant, atmosphere and the soil. e) Is the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place. 42. The countrys climate is influenced by nearness to the equator, topography, the Indian Ocean, and the (ITCZ), what does (ITCZ) stand for a) Inter-Tropical Current Zone b) Inter-Tropical Climate Zone c) Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone d) Inter-Tropical Clouds Zone e) Inter-Tropical Counterelinino Zone 43. What is The PMP? a) Is a reasonable minimization of the event precipitation expected at a given geographical location, for a given duration. b) Also known as a recurrence interval is an estimate of the interval of time between events like an earthquake, flood or river discharge flow of a certain intensity or size. individual

c) Is a reasonable maximization of the event precipitation expected at a given geographical location, for a given duration. d) Is a reasonable maximization of the event precipitation expected at a given geographical location, for a given location. e) Is a reasonable minimization of the event precipitation expected at a given geographical location, for a given location. 44. Floods in Tana River District normally affects which areas a) Mombasa and Kilindini b) Garsen and Kipini c) Kipevu and Wundanyi d) Mwandoni and Mpeketoni e) Marsabit and Garissa 45. Warm Fronts a) Is where a colder air mass is pushing into a warmer air mass. b) Is where a warm air mass is pushing into a colder air mass. c) Forms when a cold air or warm air stops moving and then warm air rises up d) Occur when a warm air follows right behind a cold air. A colder air mass pushes into a warmer air mass and then another cold air mass pushes into the warm air mass because cold air move faster, the cold front is likely to overtake the warm air. e) Usually form around areas of high atmospheric pressure. 46. The high cloud group consists of a) Cirrus, Cirrostratus, and Cirrocumulus clouds. b) Altostratus and Altocumulus c) Stratus, Stratocumulus, and Nimbostratus d) cumulus and cumulonimbus e) Cumulus humilis and Cumulus congestus 47. Contrails a) Are clouds that formed when water vapour condenses and freezes around small particles that are exhaust from factories.

b) Are clouds that formed when water vapour condenses and freezes around small particles that are produced by birds as wastes. c) Are clouds that formed when water vapour condenses and freezes around small particles that exist in aircraft exhaust. d) Are clouds that formed when water vapour condenses and freezes around small particles that exist in rotorcraft exhaust. e) Are clouds that formed when water vapour condenses and freezes around small particles that exist in weather balloon waste.

48. Which type of clouds is associated with heavy rain, snow, hail, lightning, and tornadoes? a) Cirrus b) Altostratus c) Stratocumulus d) Cumulonimbus e) Cumulus Humilis 49. The boundary between the top of the troposphere and the stratosphere (the layer above it) is called a) Tropopause. b) Stratopause. c) Mesopause d) Thermopause. e) Ionosphere,

50. What is Albedo? a) It is energy that is released by the sun in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves, and there is no need of a substance for transport. b) It is the percent of precipitation that is reflected by a surface. c) It is the fraction of Suns radiation reflected from a surface. d) It is the transfer of heat by mass movement or circulation within a substance. e) It is the transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity.