INTRODUCTION

Traditionally, ac-ac conversion using semiconductor switches is done in two different ways: 1- in stages (ac-dc and then dc-ac) as in dc link converters or 2- in one stage (ac-ac) cycloconverters (Fig. 1). Cycloconverters are used in high power applications driving and synchronous motors. They are usually phase-controlled and they traditionally use thyristors to their ease of phase commutation.

To understand the operation principles of cycloconverters, the single-phase to singlephasecycloconverter (Fig. 2) should be studied first. This converter consists of back-to-back connection of two full-wave rectifier circuits. Fig 3 shows the operating waveforms for this converter with a resistive load. The input voltage, vs is an ac voltage at a frequency, fi as shown in Fig. 3a. For easy understanding assume that all the thyristors are fired at =0 firing angle, i.e. thyristors act like diodes. Note that the firing angles are named as P for the positive converter and N for the negative converter. Consider the operation of the cycloconverter to get one-fourth of the input frequency at the output. For the first two cycles of vs, the positive converter operates supplying current to the load. It rectifies the input voltage; therefore, the load sees 4 positive half cycles as seen in Fig. 3b. In the next two cycles, the negative converter operates supplying current to the load in the reverse direction. The current waveforms are not shown in the figures because the resistive load current will have the same waveform as the voltage but only scaled by the resistance. Note that when one of the converters operates the other one is disabled, so that there is no current circulating between the two rectifiers.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

1. Build in Centre tap 24 - 0 - 24 volts transformer 2. Build in DC LOAD of 470 ohms/ 5w 3. Build in Trigger circuit to fire four SCRs according to frequency selection. 4. Microcontroller based trigger circuit for frequency division. 5. Frequency division of input 50 Hz frequency to 50/1 hz, 50/2 hz, 50/3 hz and 50/4 hz. 6. Build in Four SCRs mounted in heat sinks with each SCRs connected with snubber circuits 7. Four pair of isolated trigger circuit provided for scr firing.

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Front Panel Controls

1. Four pair of isolated trigger circuit terminals for SCR firing brought out and marked corresponding SCR nos; with gate and cathod terminals 2. Firing angle varriable control provided 3. Four SCRs gate and cathod terminals brought out for connections 4. Load terminals ae provided for output waveform observation.

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Operating instructions
1. Switch ON the Trainer by power on switch. 2. Observe the Trigger pulse at any of four pair trigger terminals. 3. Now Connect the trigger terminals to SCRs gate and cathod terminals correspondingly marked. 4. Set the Frequency selection switch to 50/1 hz. 5. Connect the CROs probe across the load. 6. Observe the output waveform and varry the phase angle control pot. 7. Set the Frequency selection switch to 50/2 hz and observe the output waveform. It must be two postive half cycle followed by two negative half cycle with phase control. 8. Set the Frequency selection switch to 50/3 hz and observe the output waveform. It must be three postive half cycle followed by three negative half cycle with phase control. 9. Set the Frequency selection switch to 50/4hz and observe the output waveform. It must be four postive half cycle followed by four negative half cycle with phase control.

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Patch Connection Details

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Manual for

SINGLE PHASE TO SINGLE PHASE CYCLOCONVERTER TRAINER

( Sr. No:............................)

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