SCANNERS

BY: VINOY THOMAS

OVERVIEW & HISTORY A scanner is a device that captures an image

and converts it into digital data which can then be analyzed and/or altered.

Types of scanners include: flatbed, sheetfed, handheld, and drum scanners.

The first image scanner was created in 1957

by a team led by Russel Kirsch, it produced a black & white image.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

An image scanner uses a charge-coupled device (CCD) array to

capture an image and convert it into digital information.
CCD Collection of light-sensitive diodes that convert light into electrons.

Most low-end flatbed scanners use a contact image sensor (CIS).

CIS Uses rows of R, G and B LEDs and sensors to capture the image illuminated by the combined white light of the LEDs.

A lamp is used to illuminate the document while the scan head

(mirrors, lens, filter, and CCD array) is moved across the entire document by a stepper motor while capturing the image.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

Series of mirrors and filters (R,G, and B) are used to reflect the image
onto

Scanners may use a single (lens splits image into three versions for
R,G, and B) or triple pass method (each pass uses different color filter R, G and B).
Pass scan head has completed one complete scan of document

Scanners output image resolution based on the dpi of the scanner.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

of motor)

The # of sensors determines dpi (sensors in single x-row by precision

Interpolation process that software uses to increase resolution by creating additional pixels between actual pixels.

Scanners are limited to the # of colors producible which is determined

by its bit depth (colour depth).
Bit depth - number of bits used to represent the colour of a single pixel.

Computers require a common driver for nearly all scanners called

TWAIN, this is used to allow programs and such to interpret data sent from the scanner.

Uniform Background

LABELLED DIAGRAM
Stabilizer Bar Glass Plate Stepper Motor Belt Scan Head

Lamp

Scan Head CCD or CIS array, mirrors, lens, and filters

LABELLED DIAGRAM - CONNECTIONS

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) USB

FireWire

Parallel Port

DEVICE SPECIFICATIONS
CanoScan LiDE110 Flat Bed Scanner
Optical Resolution - 2400 x 4800 DPI
Interpolated - 19,200 x 19,200 dpi

Interface Connectivity USB Scanner Element CIS Light Source LED Colour/Bit Depth 48-bit Grayscale 16-bit Power Source - USB

FUTURE TECHNOLOGIES/TRENDS
http://technology.canoe.ca/News/News/2013/09/03/21094891.html

First 3D printer to incorporate both printing and 3D scanning in one

device.

REFERENCES
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Scanning+device http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/scanner http://cui.unige.ch/dbresearch/pedsi/scanners/www.hsdesign.com/scanning/types/types.html http://computer.howstuffworks.com/scanner.htm http://gadgets.softpedia.com/news/History-of-Image-Scanners-03401.html