A Bidirectional High-Power-Quality Grid Interface With a Novel Bidirectional Noninverted BuckBoost Converter for PHEVs

AbstractPlug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) will play a vital role in future sustainable transportation systems due to their potential in terms of energy security, decreased environmental impact, improved fuel economy, and better performance. Moreover, new regulations have been established to improve the collective gas mileage, cut greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce dependence on foreign oil. This paper primarily focuses on two major thrust areas of PHEVs. First, it introduces a grid-friendly bidirectional alternating current/direct current ac/dcdc/ac rectifier/inverter for facilitating vehicle-to-grid (V2G) integration of PHEVs. Second, it presents an integrated bidirectional noninverted buckboost converter that interfaces the energy storage device of the PHEV to the dc link in both grid-connected and driving modes. The proposed bidirectional converter has minimal grid-level disruptions in terms of power factor and total harmonic distortion, with less switching noise. The integrated bidirectional dc/dc converter assists the grid interface converter to track the charge/discharge power of the PHEV battery. In addition, while driving, the dc/dc converter provides a regulated dc link voltage to the motor drive and captures the braking energy during regenerative braking. Index TermsAlternating current/direct current (ac/dc)dc/ac grid interface converter, bidirectional converters, noninverted buckboost dc/dc converter, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), vehicle-to-grid (V2G).

A Comparative Study of a New ZCS DCDC Full-Bridge Boost Converter With a ZVS Active-Clamp Converter
AbstractPulse width modulation (PWM) current-fed fullbridge dcdc boost converters are typically used in applications where the output voltage is considerably higher than the input voltage. In this paper, a comparison ismade between two converter topologies of this typethe standard zero-voltage switching (ZVS) active-clamp topology and a new zero-current switching (ZCS) topology. This paper begins with a review of the operation of the ZVS active-clamp converter and that of ZCS converters in general; the advantages and disadvantages of each approach are stated. A new ZCS-PWM current-fed dcdc boost full-bridge converter is then introduced. The operation of the new converter is explained and analyzed, and a procedure for the design of its key components is given and demonstrated with an example. Experimental results obtained from a prototype of a ZVS active-clamp converter and the new ZCS converter are presented. Finally, a comparison of the performance of the two converters is made and conclusion based on this comparison is stated.

A Modified Single-Phase Quasi-Z-Source ACAC Converter

AbstractA modified single-phase quasi-Z-source acac converter is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter has the main features in that the output voltage can be bucked or boosted and be both in-phase and out-of-phase with the input voltage. The input voltage and output voltage share the same ground, the size of a converter is reduced, and it operates in a continuous current mode. A safe-commutation strategy for the modified single-phase quasi-Z-source acac converter is used instead of a snubber circuit. The operating principles and a steady-state analysis are presented. A laboratory prototype, tested using a resistive load, a passive load, and a nonlinear load, was constructed that used an input voltage of 70 Vrms /60Hz in order to verify the performance of the modified single-phase quasi-Z-source acac converter.The experimental results verified that the converter has a lower input current total harmonic distortion, a higher input power factor, and a higher efficiency in comparison to a conventional single-phase Z-source acac converter. In addition, the experimental results show that the use of the safe-commutation strategy is a significant improvement, as it makes it possible to avoid voltage spikes on the switches. Index TermsBuckboost capability, pulsewidth modulation (PWM), quasi-Z-source converter, reversing and maintaining phase angle, safe-commutation, single-phase acac converter, total harmonic distortion (THD).

A New Single-Phase Single-Stage Three-Level Power Factor Correction ACDC Converter

AbstractIn this paper, a new three-level single-stage powerfactorcorrected ac/dc converter is presented. The proposed circuit integrates the operation of a boost power factor correction converter and a three-level dc/dc converter into one converter. It does not have the problem of high component stress due to high rising intermediate bus voltages at light load conditions that other single-stage converters have because of its three-level structure. It can operate over a wider load range with significantly less output inductor current ripple; moreover, its input current has little distortion. In the paper, the operation of the new converter is explained in detail and analyzed, its steady-state characteristics are determined, and its design is discussed. Experimental results obtained from a prototype are presented to confirm the feasibility of the new converter. Index TermsACDCpower conversion, single-stage power factor correction (SSPFC), three level converters

A Novel BuckBoost Converter Combining KY and Buck Converters

AbstractIn this letter, a buckboost converter, i.e., 2D converter with a positive output voltage, is presented, which combines the KY converter and the traditional synchronously rectified (SR) buck converter. By doing so, the problem in voltage bucking of the KY converter can be solved, thereby increasing the application capability of the KY converter. Since such a converter operates in continuous conduction mode inherently, it possesses the nonpulsating output current, thereby not only decreasing the current stress on the output capacitor but also reducing the output voltage ripple.

Above all, both the KY converter and the SR buck converter, combined into a buckboost converter with no right-half plane zero, use the same power switches, thereby causing the required circuit to be compact and the corresponding cost to be down. Furthermore, during the magnetization period, the input voltage of the KY converter comes from the input voltage source, whereas during the demagnetization period, the input voltage of the KY converter comes from the output voltage of the SR buck converter. Index TermsBuckboost converter, KY converter, right-half plane zero, synchronously rectified (SR) buck converter.

Modeling and Control of a New Three-Input DCDC Boost Converter for Hybrid PV/FC/Battery Power System
AbstractA new three-input dcdc boost converter is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter interfaces two unidirectional input power ports and a bidirectional port for a storage element in a unified structure. This converter is interesting for hybridizing alternative energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) source, fuel cell (FC) source, and battery. Supplying the output load, charging or discharging the battery can be made by the PV and the FC power sources individually or simultaneously. The proposed structure utilizes only four power switches that are independently controlled with four different duty ratios. Utilizing these duty ratios, tracking the maximum power of the PV source, setting the FC power, controlling the battery power, and regulating the output voltage are provided. Depending on utilization state of the battery, three different power operation modes are defined for the converter. In order to design the converter control system, small-signal model is obtained in each operation mode. Due to interactions of converter control loops, decoupling network is used to design separate closed-loop controllers. The validity of the proposed converter and its control performance are verified by simulation and experimental results for different operation conditions. Index TermsDecoupling method, photovoltaic/fuel cell (PV/FC)/battery hybrid power system, small-signal modeling, state-space averaging, three-input dcdc boost converter.

Optimization and Design of a Cascaded DC/DC Converter Devoted to Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems
buildings causes problems with shadows that can strongly reduce the energy produced by these systems. Moreover, most PV modules are designed for stand-alone applications that have output voltage adapted to lead batteries. Indeed, this historical sizing of PV modules can be discussed in the case of grid-connected systems. In this paper, a cascaded dc/dc converter based on boost chopper is proposed. First, the advantages and the limits of this topology will be shown. Second, this topology will be optimized to maximize

the efficiency or minimize the volume. The originality of this optimization is that the converters parameters and the arrangement of the PV cells are variable parameters. Indeed, the optimization is done on the entire system. To realize these optimizations, semiempiric models of losses and volumes of different components of a boost chopper were developed. The optimization uses a successive quadratic programming algorithm. Considering the optimization results over the whole range of the specifications, a flexible solution is developed and experimental results are presented. Finally, optimized topologies connected to several PV are evaluated at different situations of typical shadows. Index TermsDC/DC converter, optimization, photovoltaic, power electronics, shade.