Preconditions for Salat 1. Ritual purity (previous notes) wudhu, ghusl a.

. Still good to maintain ritual purity outside of salat b. After janaba (ritual impurity after menstruation, sex) its sunnah to get out of it ASAP, but its not obligatory i. 3 levels of removing janaba 1. Take a shower asap, go to bed 2. Make wudhu, wash up, go to bed 3. Wash up, go to bed

2.

Purity of place where theyre going to pray Najasa = ritual filth Not dirty stuff like mud, grime, etc. What were talking about are certain substances Blood, pus, urine, feces, vomit, prostate fluid, pre-seminal ejaculate, some female discharges (abnormal) o If a baby spits up, then its not najasa: but if the baby swallows and it goes in the stomach then vomits, then its considered najasa o Any liquid intoxicant is najasa o Saliva of dogs (difference of opinion; some scholars say whole dog, some say just saliva, some say just dead dogs) o Pigs are najasa in their entirety o Dead land animals not slaughtered (all of it is najasa). Example is ivory. If it got wet and touched you, then wash it off. Or roadkill. o Najasa spreads when its wet, not when its dry o Except leather. If something has been tanned properly, then its no longer najas, as long as its not the skin of a dog or a pig. Blood has to be washed off clothing to be free of najasa o The Companions used to pray in battle, and they had cuts and wounds. They werent life-theatening. Even a nosebleed. o Wait until bleeding stops and then wash. Or stuff Kleenex in your nose and pray. Not najasa: mucus, spit (unless blood), semen, regular female discharge Anything else that comes out of the body, its considered najasa. Its filthified.

Cant have najasa on your body or clothing or place of prayer before you pray Just pour water onto it.

3.

Next, have to face the Qiblah to the best of your ability. In Shafii school, you have to face the Qibla, no small deviations If you dont know, then you can face as close as you can Here, Qibla is generally 23 degrees North East

Next is entrance of prayer time. Prayer must be done on time. Only exception is if youre travelling. Outside of travel, only other cases is cases of extreme weather and only if youre at the masjid (not at home). Cant pray before time. You can pray after but its haram to neglect a prayer without a valid excuse. Valid excuse: life threatening emergency, inability because of unconsciousness Person has to make up the prayer.

Food Anything from the sea is acceptable to eat as long as its amphibious (oysters, mussels, lobsters, most crabs). However, animals that live on both are not permitted according to Shafi. Predatorial fish are ok. Hunting is an interesting situation. Theres a difference of opinion by how hunting kills. If animal is killed by bleeding to death (because you cant catch and slaughter) then its permissible. Its permissible to shoot them with a sharp object and it bleeds to death. But if you killed it with blunt force, then its not allowed. So the issue becomes: does shooting something kill it from the impact of the bullet or from it bleeding to death? Ideal thing is to shoot the animal to incapacitate it, then run up and slaughter it. But if the hunter shot it in the head and it died instantly, then its iffy. Killing by strangling or any other death isnt permitted; has to bleed out. o Cant eat carnivorous land animals; anything with claws o Cant eat amphibians o Birds with claws (eagle, falcon, etc.) o Cant eat primates o Certain insects (snails, according to Shafi) Can eat locusts