1

A student carried out an experiment to investigate the combustion of candle in containers of different sizes as
shown in Figure 3.1.
Container X

End

Beginning
Container Y

End

Beginning
Container Z

End

Beginning
(a) State the variables involved in this experiment.
Manipulated variable:

Responding variable:

Controlled variable:

(b) Based on Figure 3.1, record the time taken for the candle to burn in different containers.
Container
X

Time taken for candle to burn (s)

Y
Z
(c) Based on the table in (b), draw a bar chart to show the time taken for the candle to burn in different
containers.
40

Time taken for candle to burn (s)

302

20

10

Container
(d) Based on the bar chart in (c), what can be said about the time taken for the candles to burn?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(e) State one inference from the experiment.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

(f) State the relationship between the size of the container and the time taken for
the candle to burn.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(g) A student drilled some holes on a container as shown in Figure 3.2. In which
burn the longest? Circle the correct answer.
P

container will the candle

A student carried out an experiment to study the relationship between resistance and current. The below
figure shows the arrangement of apparatus for the experiment.

FIGURE 8.1

The procedure of the experiment are as follows:

Step 1: The circuit is set up using a 1 resistor.
Step 2: The switch is closed and the brightness of the bulb is observed. The ammeter reading is recorded.
Step 3: Step 2 is repeated with a 2 , 5 and 10 resistor respectively.
(a) State the variables in the experiment.
Manipulated variable:

Responding variable:

Fixed variable:

(b) Figure 8.2 shows the reading of the ammeter when different resistors are connected to the circuit.

10

5
FIGURE 8.2

Complete Table 8.3 by recording the readings of the ammeter as shown in Figure 8.2.
Resistor ()
Reading of ammeter (A)

10

(c) State the relationship between resistance and the current flowing through the circuit.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(d) Using Table 8.3, draw a line graph of current against resistance.
1.0
0.9

0.8
0.7

Current (A)

0.6
0.5

0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0

6
7
5
Resistance ()

10

(e) What can be said about current and resistance?

____________________________________________________________________________________
(f) Based on the graph in (e), predict the ammeter reading when the resistance is 8 .
___________________________________________________________________________________

(g) State the relationship between resistance and the brightness of the bulb.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

4. A student carried out an experiment to study the effect of surface area on the evaporation of water. Three
equally damp filter paper, P, Q and R are left to dry under the same condition as shown in Figure 4.1. P is left
unfolded, Q is folded into halves and R is folded into quarters. The time taken for the filter paper to dry is
shown in the table below
P
R
Q

Filter Paper

Time taken for filter paper to dry (s)

200

320

450

a. State the variables in this experiment.

Manipulated variable:

..

Responding variable:

..

Controlled variable:

..

b. State the hypothesis for the experiment.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

c. Using the table draw a bar chart to show the time taken for filter paper P, Q and R to dry.
500

Time taken for filter paper to dry (s)

400

300
2

200

100

Filter paper
(d) Based on the bar chart in (c), what can be said about the time taken for the filter papers to dry?
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(e) State one inference from the experiment.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(f) State the relationship between the surface area of the filter paper and the time taken for the filter paper to dry.

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

(g) 50 m of water is poured into each of the three different containers, X Y and Z as shown in Figure 4.3. The three
containers are left under the sun.

Y
X
(h) (i) In which container will the water evaporate the fastest?

_____________________________ ____________________________________________________________
(ii) Explain your answer in (g)(i).
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. A student carried out an experiment to study the effect of volume of liquid on the amount of heat as shown in the
figure
F
G
H
Thermometer

Thermometer

The thermometer reading on the twentieth minutes in :

Conical flask F

Thermometer

Conical flask G

(a) State the variables in the experiment.

Manipulated variable
Responding variable
Controlled variable
(b) State one inference from the experiment

..,
(b) Based on the figure record the reading of each thermometer on the 20th minutes in conical flask F and G in
the table below
`
Conical
Time (min)
flask

10

20

Temperature

98

88

68

(oC)

98

82

56

98

78

60

Temperature (oC)

(d) Based on the Table 8.2 plot a temperature versus time graph to show the effect of volume
amount of heat of the liquid. for conical flask F and G.

Cornical flask H

30

40
of liquid

on the

50
40
30
20
10

10

20

30

40

Time (min)
(e) Based on the line graph chart in (c) , what can be said about the effect of volume of liquid on the amount of
heat of the liquid.

(f)

Based on the graph predict the temperature of liquid in conical G on the 25th minutes.
Conical flask G : ......................

(g)

State the relationship between the of volume of liquid on the amount of heat of the liquid.
..

(h)

.,.
Based on Table 8.2 and the graph in (c), what is considered as the operational definition for the amount of
heat ?
..

6. The diagram below shows two cars with different colour are driven on hot day.

i) Based on your observation in the diagram, state the difference of hotness in car A and B.

.
ii) What inference can be made based on Car A and Car B
.
...

iii) State one hypothesis based on your observations in Diagram 8.1.

.,.,.,.
.
b)
A student carried out an experiment to investigate the situation in Diagram 8.1.Diagram 8.2
shows
an
experiment to determine the colour of surface which affect the absorption of heat. After 15 minutes,the reading of
thermometers are observed and recorded.

Diagram 8.2

Thermometer A
(i)

Thermometer B

Record the thermometer readings in the table below

Surface
Black paint
Aluminium paint

Temperature oC

c)

Based on the readings in the table draw a bar chart to show the reading of thermometer with the different
colour of surface.
temperature/oC
suhu

Black
d)

Aluminium

Colour of surface

State the variable involved in this experiment.

Manipulated variable
Responding variable
Constant variable

e)

Why is it advisable to wear a white colour clothes on a hot day?

f)

Based on Diagram 8.2, state the operational definition of absorption of heat.

..