Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.

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Curriculum of Master Degree in Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University

Students should fulfill a total of 44 Credit Hours: 1. Obligatory subjects: 32 Credit Hours. 2. Thesis: 6 Credit Hours. 3. 3 Elective Subjects: 2 Credit Hours

Obligatory Courses: Code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Course Credit hours

1 1 1 1 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4

Prerequisites

051308280 Simplified cell biology and histology for pathology 05160832 Molecular Biology 05180804 Basic Immunology 05070739 Biostatistics and computer system 05280801 General Pathology-A 05280802 Surgical Pathology I 05280803 Surgical Pathology II 05280804 Surgical Pathology III 05280805 Surgical Pathology IV 05280806 Surgical Pathology V 05280807 Surgical Pathology VI 05280808 Surgical Pathology VII

051308280,05160832 05180804,05070741 05280801,05280802

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.2 _____________________________________________________________________ Elective courses of Master Degree of Pathology Department Code Subject Credit hours 1 1 1 1

05280831 Basic Genetics 053107280 Diagnostic Imaging Techniques for the Pathologist 05280832 Laboratory management 052408280 Oncology for pathology of breast cancer

Courses Submitted by the Department to Other Departments in the Faculty Code 05280833 052808020 052808040 052808080 052808090 052808110 052808120 052808210 052808230 052808250 052808260 052808290 052808300 052808271 052808330 052808150 052808240 052808270 052808190 052808310 052808151 052808320 052808130 Subject General Pathology for others Pathology of Cardiovascular Diseases Respiratory Pathology Pathology for Critical Care Pathology for Dermatology Pathology for Forensic Medicine Toxocology Pathology for Genitourinary Surgery Neuropathology Pathology for Obstetrics & Gynaecology Basic Pathology for Ophthalmology Pathology for Orthopedics Pathology for Pediatrics Pathology for Physical Medicine Pathology for Audiology Pathology for Tropical Pathology for internal medicine Pathology for oncology Pathology for ENT Pathology for parasitology Pathology for radio-diagnosis Pathology for haematology Pathology for surgery Pathology for histology Credit hours 1 1 1 1 0.5 2 2 1 1 0.5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1

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Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.3 _____________________________________________________________________

COURSE DESCRIPTION
1 Code 051308280 Course Prerequisites Simplified Cell Biology, Histology for pathology The lectures include cell membrane, its molecular composition, transport across it, cell signaling and cell surface receptors, cell-cell interaction. cell adhesion proteins, the nucleus, its envelope and traffic between the nucleus and cytoplasm, lysosomes, phagocytosis and pinocytosis, mitochondrial structure, form, growth, division and genetic system, protein import and mitochondrial assembly, peroxisomes, cytoskeleton and cell movements, cytoplasmic inclusions and storage products, all about the cell cycle and cell development, differentiation and programmed cell death. Code 05160832 Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites Lectures Practical Molecular Biology 1 This course includes introduction to structure and functions of purine and pyrimidine base nucleosides and nucleotides, Do novo synthesis and salvage of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, DNA and RNA structure and functions, chromatin and nucleotide structure, DNA replication, DNA repair, mutations, DNA recombination and precise rearrangement. (e.g. immunoglobulin genes), RNA synthesis and processing, degradation of cellular RNA, reverse transcriptase and their inhibitors, protein synthesis and genetic code, posttranslational modifications and protein maturations, regulation of gene expression and Recombinant DNA technology and PCR. Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 05180804 Lectures Practical Basic Immunology 1 This course includes the following topics: Innate immunity and inflammation; lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues; immunogens; antigens; immuno-globulins; vaccines; immune response; cytokines and chemokines; complement; kinin and hypersensitivity. Code Credit hours (1) Lectures Practical 1 -

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.4 _____________________________________________________________________ 4 Code 05070741 Course Prerequisites Basics of Epidemiology and biostatistics This course includes: The module will provide course participants with a solid grounding in the theory and methods of quantitative research as applied to primary health care. Topics include introduction to descriptive and analytical epidemiology; introduction to demography; clinical trials; diagnostic tests; screening; outbreak investigation; causation; bias and confounding. Basic epidemiological methods will be taught for application to designing and conducting studies. Basic biostatistics methods essential to the practice of primary health care will also be taught. The topics will include descriptive statistics, probability, hypothesis testing. Regression and correlation. Code Credit hours (4) Course Prerequisites 05280801 Lectures Practical General Pathology-A Cell injury, acute and chronic inflammation, tissue repair, hemodynamic disorders, disorders of the immune system, neoplasia, environmental diseases, general pathology of infectious diseases, granulomatous diseases. Credit hours (1) Lectures Practical 0.5 0.5

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.5 _____________________________________________________________________ 6 Code 05280802 Credit hours (3) Lectures Practical Course Surgical Pathology I: Prerequisites

Introduction Rotation, grossing, processing, Special stains, basic immunohistochemistry and basic cytology.

Tissue grossing, processing and staining : the candidate should be able to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different fixatives, prepare buffered 10% formalin from stock formalin, learn proper fixation and preservation of the gross specimens, learn proper methods of sampling a gross specimen, properly mark and orient specimens, list steps for an organized gross description of common specimens from all systems of the body, take sections necessary to reach useful and meaningful data to the surgeon, demonstrate his or her ability to take acceptable pictures of gross surgical specimens, determine whether slides received are adequate in number and quality and to take appropriate remedial steps if they are not. Special stains: the candidate should be familiar with different special stains, their application in surgical pathology and identify pitfalls in the final product, be able to select proper special stains which may be needed to demonstrate certain diagnostic features. The candidate should understand Basics of Immunohistochemistry: techniques and their application to surgical pathology. Basic Cytology: The candidate should be: familiar with various cytology techniques, their advantage and disadvantages, appreciate the advantages and disadvantages of the different staining methods (Pap stain, Diff Quick, Wright Giemsa stain), recognize artifacts caused by preparation or staining.

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.6 _____________________________________________________________________ 7 Code Credit hours (3) 05280803 Lectures Practical Course Prerequisites Surgical Pathology II Microscopic pathology, Frozen section, 051308280,05160832 immunohisto05180804,05070741 chemistry and 05280801,05280802 cytology for cardiovascular, respiratory and mediastinum. A.The candidate should be able to: identify the major diagnostic findings of common lesions of the following systems: CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY AND MEDIASTINAL, appraise the limitations of a biopsy specimen taken, judge when rebiopsy or additional material is necessary, recognize when consultation help is needed, construct different diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, develop skills in microscopic diagnosis, construct appropriate reports based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings, construct differential diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, be able to assign priorities for earlier and more extensive investigation of the most important and urgent cases, achieve at least 90% accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tissue. B. Frozen section biopsy: The candidate will be trained how to communicate with the clinicians to obtain and deliver pertinent information: what tissues should be sampled for frozen section diagnosis, be aware of the limitations of the frozen section technique when the diagnosis must deferred, be able to apply special techniques as imprints which complement the frozen section examination. C. The candidate should understand basics of Immunohistochemistry techniques and their application to surgical pathology, select an appropriate panel of antibodies based on microscopic and clinical features of the tissue biopsy, can integrate morphologic and immunohistochemical data to make a diagnosis. D. Cytology: diagnose correctly non-malignant and malignant conditions in effusions, sputum bronchial wash and brushings, correlate cytologic findings with available clinical and surgical pathology information.

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.7 _____________________________________________________________________ 8 Course Prerequisites Surgical Pathology III Microscopic pathology, Frozen section, 051308280,05160832 immunohisto05180804,05070741 chemistry and 05280801,05280802 cytology for G.I.T. hepatobiliary, pancreas and peritoneum. A.The candidate should be able to: identify the major diagnostic findings of common lesions of the following systems: G.I.T, HEPATOBILIARY, PANCREAS AND PERITONEUM. appraise the limitations of a biopsy specimen taken, judge when rebiopsy or additional material is necessary, recognize when consultation help is needed, construct different diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, develop skills in microscopic diagnosis, construct appropriate reports based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings, construct differential diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, be able to assign priorities for earlier and more extensive investigation of the most important and urgent cases, achieve at least 90% accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tissue. B. Frozen section biopsy: The candidate will be trained how to communicate with the clinicians to obtain and deliver pertinent information: what tissues should be sampled for frozen section diagnosis, be aware of the limitations of the frozen section technique when the diagnosis must deferred, be able to apply special techniques as imprints which complement the frozen section examination. C. The candidate should understand basics of Immunohistochemistry techniques and their application to surgical pathology, select an appropriate panel of antibodies based on microscopic and clinical features of the tissue biopsy, can integrate morphologic and immunohistochemical data to make a diagnosis. D. Cytology: diagnose correctly non-malignant and malignant conditions in effusions, gastric brushings, correlate cytologic findings with available clinical and surgical pathology information. Code Credit hours (4) 05280804 Lectures Practical -

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.8 _____________________________________________________________________ 9 Course Prerequisites Surgical Pathology IV Microscopic pathology, Frozen section, 051308280,05160832 immunohisto05180804,05070741 chemistry and 05280801,05280802 cytology for urinary male female and breast. A.The candidate should be able to: identify the major diagnostic findings of common lesions of the following systems:URINARY, MALE, FEMALE AND BREAST. appraise the limitations of a biopsy specimen taken, judge when rebiopsy or additional material is necessary, recognize when consultation help is needed, construct different diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, develop skills in microscopic diagnosis, construct appropriate reports based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings, construct differential diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, be able to assign priorities for earlier and more extensive investigation of the most important and urgent cases, achieve at least 90% accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tissue. B. Frozen section biopsy: The candidate will be trained how to communicate with the clinicians to obtain and deliver pertinent information: what tissues should be sampled for frozen section diagnosis, be aware of the limitations of the frozen section technique when the diagnosis must deferred, be able to apply special techniques as imprints which complement the frozen section examination. C. The candidate should understand basics of Immunohistochemistry techniques and their application to surgical pathology, select an appropriate panel of antibodies based on microscopic and clinical features of the tissue biopsy, can integrate morphologic and immunohistochemical data to make a diagnosis. D. Cytology: diagnose correctly non-malignant and malignant conditions in urine, correlate cytologic findings with available clinical and surgical pathology information. -Fine needle aspiration cytology: The candidate must: be able to perform an aspiration biopsy, prepare slides, stain them and give preliminary report, evaluate the adequacy of fine needle aspiration performed by imaging services. -Gynecologic cytology: The candidate should be familiar with: the various cell types occurring in gynecologic smears, their significance for hormonal cytology and the changes caused by inflammatory conditions, the cell pattern of CIN and their invasive counterparts learn the Bethesda classification of Pap smear diagnosis, role of cervical smear for the detection of endometrial carcinoma and extrauterine malignancy Code Credit hours (4) 05280805 Lectures Practical -

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.9 _____________________________________________________________________ 10 Course Prerequisites Surgical Pathology V Microscopic pathology, Frozen section, 051308280,05160832 immunohisto05180804,05070741 chemistry and 05280801,05280802 cytology for endocrine, haemopoietic and lymphoid. A.The candidate should be able to: identify the major diagnostic findings of common lesions of the following systems: ENDOCRINE, HAEMOPOIETIC AND LYMPHOID. appraise the limitations of a biopsy specimen taken, judge when rebiopsy or additional material is necessary, recognize when consultation help is needed, construct different diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, develop skills in microscopic diagnosis, construct appropriate reports based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings, construct differential diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, be able to assign priorities for earlier and more extensive investigation of the most important and urgent cases, achieve at least 90% accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tissue. B. Frozen section biopsy: The candidate will be trained how to communicate with the clinicians to obtain and deliver pertinent information: what tissues should be sampled for frozen section diagnosis, be aware of the limitations of the frozen section technique when the diagnosis must deferred, be able to apply special techniques as imprints which complement the frozen section examination. C. The candidate should understand basics of Immunohistochemistry techniques and their application to surgical pathology, select an appropriate panel of antibodies based on microscopic and clinical features of the tissue biopsy, can integrate morphologic and immunohistochemical data to make a diagnosis. D. Cytology: -Fine needle aspiration cytology: The candidate must: be able to perform an aspiration biopsy, prepare slides, stain them and give preliminary report, evaluate the adequacy of fine needle aspiration performed by imaging services. Code Credit hours (3) 05280806 Lectures Practical -

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.10 _____________________________________________________________________ 11 Course Prerequisites Surgical Pathology VI Microscopic pathology, 051308280,05160832 Frozen section, 05180804,05070741 immunohisto05280801,05280802 chemistry and cytology for bone and soft tissue. A.The candidate should be able to: identify the major diagnostic findings of common lesions of the following systems: BONE AND SOFT TISSUE . appraise the limitations of a biopsy specimen taken, judge when rebiopsy or additional material is necessary, recognize when consultation help is needed, construct different diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, develop skills in microscopic diagnosis, construct appropriate reports based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings, construct differential diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, be able to assign priorities for earlier and more extensive investigation of the most important and urgent cases, achieve at least 90% accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tissue. B. Frozen section biopsy: The candidate will be trained how to communicate with the clinicians to obtain and deliver pertinent information: what tissues should be sampled for frozen section diagnosis, be aware of the limitations of the frozen section technique when the diagnosis must deferred, be able to apply special techniques as imprints which complement the frozen section examination. C. The candidate should understand basics of Immunohistochemistry techniques and their application to surgical pathology, select an appropriate panel of antibodies based on microscopic and clinical features of the tissue biopsy, can integrate morphologic and immunohistochemical data to make a diagnosis. D. Cytology: diagnose correctly non-malignant and malignant conditions in effusion, correlate cytologic findings with available clinical and surgical pathology information. -Fine needle aspiration cytology: The candidate must: be able to perform an aspiration biopsy, prepare slides, stain them and give preliminary report, evaluate the adequacy of fine needle aspiration performed by imaging services. Code Credit hours (3) 05280807 Lectures Practical -

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.11 _____________________________________________________________________ 12 Code Credit hours (4) 05280808 Lectures Practical Course Prerequisites Surgical Pathology VII Microscopic pathology, Frozen section, 051308280,05160832 immunohisto05180804,05070741 chemistry and 05280801,05280802 cytology for childhood, C.N.S. and dermatopathology. A.The candidate should be able to: identify the major diagnostic findings of common lesions of the following systems: CHILDHOOD, C.N.S. AND DERMATOPATHOLOGY. appraise the limitations of a biopsy specimen taken, judge when rebiopsy or additional material is necessary, recognize when consultation help is needed, construct different diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, develop skills in microscopic diagnosis, construct appropriate reports based on clinical, gross and microscopic findings, construct differential diagnosis on the gross and microscopic findings, be able to assign priorities for earlier and more extensive investigation of the most important and urgent cases, achieve at least 90% accuracy in differentiating between benign and malignant tissue. B. Frozen section biopsy: The candidate will be trained how to communicate with the clinicians to obtain and deliver pertinent information: what tissues should be sampled for frozen section diagnosis, be aware of the limitations of the frozen section technique when the diagnosis must deferred, be able to apply special techniques as imprints which complement the frozen section examination. C. The candidate should understand basics of Immunohistochemistry techniques and their application to surgical pathology, select an appropriate panel of antibodies based on microscopic and clinical features of the tissue biopsy, can integrate morphologic and immunohistochemical data to make a diagnosis. D. Cytology: diagnose correctly non-malignant and malignant conditions in CSF, correlate cytologic findings with available clinical and surgical pathology information. -Fine needle aspiration cytology: The candidate must: be able to perform an aspiration biopsy, prepare slides, stain them and give preliminary report, evaluate the adequacy of fine needle aspiration performed by imaging services.

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.12 _____________________________________________________________________

Elective courses:
1 Code 05280831 Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites Lectures Practical Basic Genetics 1 The genetic background of inherited disorders and disease with genetic contribution, types of genetically determined diseases, mechanism of transmission of genetic disease, diagnosis of genetic disorders with emphasis on the specific test to diagnose them, principles of gene therapy, ethical issues in medical genetics. Code 05280832 Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites Lectures Practical Laboratory Management 1 A. Organization and filing: the candidate should become familiar with the organization, filing system and data received in surgical and cytopathology. This will include information about, necessary space, proper lighting, proper equipment, preparation budgets, organization of personal. B. Use of computer in surgical pathology laboratory: the candidate should become familiar with the recent application of computers to the surgical pathology laboratory. C. Laboratory safety measures: the candidate should have an understanding of laboratory safety including handling of infectious material and avoidance of intoxications from laboratory agents.

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.13 _____________________________________________________________________ Courses Submitted by the Department to Other Departments in the Faculty 1 Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 05280833 Lectures Practical General Pathology 1 Cell injury, acute and chronic inflammation, tissue repair, hemodynamic disorders, disorders of the immune system, neoplasia, genetic diseases, environmental diseases, general pathology of infectious diseases, granulomatous diseases. Code Credit hours (1) 052808020 Lectures Practical Course Pathology of Cardiovascular Diseases Prerequisites

Cardiopathology: Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (2 hours), endocarditis and valvular heart disease (2 hours), pericarditis (1 hour), ischemic heart disease (3 hours), hypertensive heart disease & myocardial muscle disease(1hour), arteriosclerosis: atherosclerosis & Monkeberg sclerosis & arteriolosclerosis(3 hours), vasculitis & aneurysms (1 hour), tumors of the heart and blood vessels and heart failure (1 hour) 3 Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808040 Lectures Practical Respiratory Pathology Basic General Pathology: Inflammation, , granuloma, hemodynamic disorders, , surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy Respiratory Pathology: (8 hours) Etiology , pathogenesis , morphologic and functional changes , fate and prognosis of :pulmonary vascular disease (1hour), obstructive lung disease (1 hour), restrictive lung diseases(1hour), pulmonary infections (bacterial , viral, fungal , protozoal)(1hour), tumors of the lung (2 hours), respiratory failure(1hour), mediastinal diseases(1hour). Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808080 Lectures Practical Pathology for Critical Care 1 Basic General Pathology: Inflammation, hemodynamic disorders, gangrene, cell injury (2 hours) Specific Course: Respiratory system (4 hrs), Cardiovascular pathology (3 hrs). Renal failure (1 hr). Hepatic pathology (2 hrs), Pancreato-biliary pathology: (1 hrs), central nervous system (1 hour)

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.14 _____________________________________________________________________ 5 Code Credit hours (0.5) Course Prerequisites 052808090 Lectures Practical Pathology for Dermatology 0.5 Basic General Pathology: Inflammation, repair(2hrs).Infection(1hr),granuloma(2hrs).Surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy (1 hr). Cutaneous Pathology: Granulomatous inflammation of the skin (2 hrs), Benign tumors of the skin and skin appendages(3 hrs), Malignant tumors of the skin and skin appendages including etiology, pathogenesis, gross appearance, microscopic variants, clinical course, prognosis(3hrs) Code Credit hours (2) 052808110 Lectures Practical 2 Course General Pathology for Forensic Medicine Prerequisites

Basic General Pathology: Inflammation (1 hr), healing & repair(1 hr), hemodynamic disorder(1 hr)s, neoplasia(1 hr), surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy(1 hr). Specific Course Cardiovascular system ( sudden death)( 5hrs), Respiratory system ( sudden death) ( 5 hrs),Gastrointestinal tract and liver (sudden death) (5hrs), Ulcers of the GIT ,Effects of drugs on the liver, Nervous system (sudden death) (4hrs), (Intracranial hemorrhage), Environmental hazards, Practical (5hrs), Examination (1 hr)

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.15 _____________________________________________________________________ 7 Code 052808120 Credit hours (2) Lectures 2 Practical Course General Pathology for Genitourinary Surgery Prerequisi tes

Basic General Pathology: (7 hours) Inflammation, repair, infection, granuloma, hemodynamic disorders, gangrene, cell injury, neoplasia, basic genetics, immunopathology, surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy. Specific Course: pathology of Genitourinary Tract:(22 hours) -Diseases of the kidney :(6 hours) developmental anomalies of kidney and ureters, pathologic lesions of the tubules, interstitial tissue and blood vessels, tumors of the kidney and pelvis, renal cysts, renal failure, pathology of transplant rejection -Lower urinary tract:(6hours) a. Renal pelvis , ureters and bladder: developmental anomalies, inflammations, urolithiasis, effects of obstruction, tumors, causes of hematuria b.urethra: congenital anomalies, inflammations, stricture -Testis:(3 hours) normal structure, cryptorchidism, torsion, tumors, atrophy and infertility -Prostate:(2.5 hours) hyperplasia, inflammations, tumors -Epididymis and spermatic cord:(half an hour) non-neoplastic lesions, tumors -Penis and scrotum:(1 hour) congenital anomalies, hydrocele, hematocele, spermatocele, varicocele, tumors -Adrenal gland and other paraganglia:(2.5 hours) a. Lesions of adrenal cortex: hyperplasia, adenoma, carcinoma, clinicopathological correlation b. Lesions of adrenal medulla :tumors of sympathetic nervous system:neuroblastoma,adrenalmedullaryhyperplasia,pheochromocytoma,paraga nglioma -Schistosomiasis of the Genito-urinary tract:( half an hour)

Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808210 Lectures Practical Neuropathology 1 Reaction of neuron to injury, reaction of astrocytes to injury (1 hr) Elevated intracranial tension (2 hrs), trauma to the nervous system (3 hrs), cerebrovascular diseases (3 hrs), infections (3 hrs), demyelinating diseases (1 hr), degenerative diseases (3 hrs). neurologic sequelae of metabolic diseases (1 hr), primary and secondary tumours (2 hrs) with demonstrative practical sessions.

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.16 _____________________________________________________________________ 9 Code Credit hours (1) 052808230 Lectures Practical 1 Course Pathology for Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prerequisites

Pathology of the Female Genital System Diseases of the vulva (3/4 hour), diseases of the vagina (3/4 hour), diseases of the cervix (2.5 hours), diseases of uterine corpus (3.5 hours), diseases of Fallopian tube (1 hour), diseases of the ovary (3.5 hours), gestational trophoblastic diseases and related lesions (2 hours). 10 Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808260 Lectures Practical Pathology for Orthopedics 1 Basic General Pathology: (7 hours) Inflammation & repair (2hours), granuloma (1 hour), hemodynamic disorders(1 hour), neoplasia (2 hours), surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy (1 hour). Orthopedic Pathology Developmental abnormalities (1 hour), metabolic bone diseases (1 hour), infections of bone (1 hour), bone tumors (2 hours), arthritis (2 hours). Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808290 Lectures Practical Pathology for Pediatrics 1 Basic General Pathology: Inflammation (2 hours), hemodynamic disorders (1 hour), nutritional diseases (1 hour). Special Course: CVS: rheumatic fever (1 hour), Respiratory: pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchial asthma (1 hour), GIT: reflux esophagitis, malabsorptionceliac disease, cystic fibrosis, cow milk protein allergy ,typhoid fever, H.pylori.(2 hours), Liver: neonatal hepatitis, viral hepatitis, biliary atresia (1 hour), Renal system: post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome (1 hour), Hematology: thalassemia, sickle cell anaemia.(1 hour), CNS: meningitis, myopathy, muscular dystrophy (1 hour), tumours of infancy and childhood (2 hours). Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808300 Lectures Practical Pathology for Physical Medicine 1 Diseases of joints (5 hrs), diseases of bone (4 hrs), muscle diseases (3 hrs), nerve injury (1 hr), neuropathy (1 hr), systemic lupus erythematosus (1 hr)

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Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.17 _____________________________________________________________________ 13 Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808271 Lectures Practical Pathology for Audiology 1 Basic General Pathology:(5 hours) Inflammation, repair, infection, granuloma(rhinoscleroma , TB, leprosy, syphilis, sarcoidosis), hemodynamic disorders, gangrene, cell injury, neoplasia, disturbances of growth: (agenesis, aplasia, hypoplasia, atrophy, hypertrophy, metaplasia, dysplasia), basic genetics, immunopathology, surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy Specific Course: :(9 hours) -Diseases of the ear :(5 hours) acute inflammation of middle ear cleft, including suppurative and nonsuppurative otitis media, complications of chronic suppurative otitis media, tumors of middle ear cleft, acoustic neuroma, Meniers disease. Immunopathology :(3 hours) :middle ear mucosal damage by immune injury, immunological factors in Menier s disease, immunology of acquired aural cholesteatoma, otological manifestations o systemic immunological diseases. Genetic diseases :(1 hour) Code Credit hours (2) Course Prerequisites 052808330 Lectures Practical Pathology for Tropical Medicine 2 Basic General Pathology: Inflammation and repair (1hr), Infection & granuloma (1 hr), Neoplasia of the liver (1 hr). Specific course: Infectious diseases: Schistosomiasis (2 hrs), Leishmaniasis (2hrs) Typhoid fever, Hydatid disease, Malaria, Giardiasis, Fasciola, Dysentry (1hr), Colitis(1hr) , Jaundice (1hr), Hepatitis (1 hr) , Cirrhosis (1 hr), Hepatomegaly (1hr), Splenomegaly (1 hr), Portal hypertension (1 hr), Cholecystitis (1 hr), Coma (1 hr), Examination (1 hr). Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808270 Lectures Practical Pathology for ENT 1.5 Basic General Pathology : Granulomatous reactions & neoplasia (1.5 H) Special Course : Pathology of diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses 2.5 H , Pathology of the naso and oropharynx 3.0H, Pathology of diseases of the larynx 3.5 H. Pathology of diseases of the ear 3.5 H, exam(1 hour)

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Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.18 _____________________________________________________________________ 16 Code Credit hours (1) Course Prerequisites 052808190 Lectures Practical Pathology for parasitology 1 Basic General Pathology: Inflammation (2 hrs) , Granuloma (2 hrs) Specific Course: Intestinal Schistosomiasis (2 hrs), Amebiasis (2 hrs) , Hydatid disease (2hrs), Toxoplasmosis (2hrs), Practical (2 hrs), Exam (1hr). Code Credit hours (2) Course Prerequisites 052808310 Lectures Practical Pathology for radiodiagnosis 2 Specific Course: Cardiovascular system (5 hours), respiratory pathology (4 hours), head & neck pathology (3 hours), Gastrointestinal pathology (4 hours), liver& exocrine pancreas (2 hours), Kidney & urinary system (5 hours), male genital tract (2 hours), female genital tract & breast (2 hours), endocrine, lymphoid system & central(and peripheral) nervous system pathology (3 hours). Code Credit hours (2) 052808240 Lectures Practical 2 Course Pathology for Oncology & Nuclear Medicine Prerequisites

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Basic General Pathology (4hours) Inflammation & repair (1 hour), surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy (1 hour), neoplasia (2 hours). 18 Code Credit hours (1) 052808150 Lectures Practical 1 Course Pathology for Internal Medicine Prerequisites

Basic General Pathology : General : Inflammation - ( 1h) Special Course : Cardiovascular system : valvular diseases, pathology of Rheumatic fever , pathology of Bacterila endocarditis ischemic heart disease and muocardial infarction , heart failure.(3h), CNS : cerebrovascular disorders ( haemorrhage, embolism, thrombus) (1h), Gastroenterology : (2h), Endocrine: Thyroid diseases, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, diabetes mellitus. (3h), Respiratory system: Suppurative lung diseases ( bronchieactasis, lung abcess, empyema ) , emphysema. (2h)Hepatology: Hepatitis , cirrhosis, primary liver tumor (2h), Examination (1h)

Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Pathology Department 28.19 _____________________________________________________________________ 19 Code Credit hours (1) 052808151 Lectures Practical 1 Course Pathology for Haematology Prerequisites

Basic General Pathology: Inflammation, repair, infection, granuloma, hemodynamic disorders, gangrene, cell injury, neoplasia, basic genetics, immunopathology, surgical pathology techniques and requisites for obtaining a representative biopsy Hematopathology: Anemias(definition, etiology, classification, pathologic features of different types of anemia and fate), etiology , classification, and pathologic features of histiocytosis, lymphomas, leukemias, disorders of the spleen, myelofibrosis and myelosclerosis, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia 20 Code Credit hours (1) 052808320 Lectures Practical 1 Course Pathology for surgery Prerequisites

Basic General Pathology: Inflammation(3hours),Repair(1hour),Infection (1 hour), Granuloma, (2 hours) Hemodynamic disorders (2 hours) ,Gangrene, necrosis (1 hour), Neoplasia (4 hours).