Permutation and combination (50 Problems)

Questions 1-15:

1)

Find the number of ways of distribution of 12 identical balls in three identicalboxes.

2)

a) How many words can be made using the letters AEROLUX all at a time? b) How many of these begin and end with a consonant?

c) How many of these have the vowels and consonants occupying thesame relative positions? d) Find the number of words which can be formed out of the letters a, b, c, d, e, f taken 3 together, each word containing one vowel at least.

3)

a) In how many ways can the letters in the word MISSISSIPPI be arranged?

b)In how many ways can they be arranged if any 2 Ss must be separated?

4) Suppose crews of 43 people are used to steer a ship. There are 3 among themwho can steer and we need only 1 person to steer. Out of the remaining 40people. 8 can row only on one side and 3 people can only row on the other side.How many ways can the crew be arranged in so that there are 20 rowers on each side of the ship?

5) Find the permutations of different things taken not more than may be repeated any number of times.

at a time wheneach thing

6)

a) Find the largest integer

for which

is divisible by

b) Prove that the equation c) For

has just one solution in the set ofnatural numbers. , then find the value of

denote the greatest integer less than or equal to

d) Prove that

is divisible by

7)

a) Suppose we have 10 points in a plane forming a decagon.

(i) (ii)

How many triangles can be formed by joining them? How many diagonals are there in the decagon?

b) A train going from Delhi to Jaipur stops at 7 intermediate stations. Five persons enter the train during the journey with five different tickets of the same class. How many different sets of tickets they could had?

8) There were two women participating in a chess tournament every participant played two games with every other participant. The number of games that men played between themselves proved to exceed by 66, compared to the number of games the men played with women. How many participants were there? How many games were played?

9) a) Suppose n different games are to be given to n children. In how many ways can this be done so that exactly one child gets no game. b) Two packs of 52 playing cards are shuffled together. Find the number of ways in which a man can be dealt 20 cards so that he does not get two cards of the same suit and same denomination. c) In how many ways can 10 different prizes be given to 5 students, so that one boy get exactly 4 prizes and the rest of the students can get any number of prizes.

10) a) Mr. A has children by his first wife and Ms. B has children by her first husband. They marry and have children of their own. The whole family has 10 children. Assuming that two children of the same parents do not fight, find the maximum number of fights that can take place among children. b) If all permutations of the letters of the word RAKSHIT are arranged as in a dictionary, then find the rank the word RAKSHIT.

11) In how many ways can a team of 3 chemistry teachers and 4 mathematics teachers can be formed from 8 chemistry teachers and 10 mathematics teachers such that a particular chemistry teacher refuses to be in the team if a particular mathematics is in the team.

12) Find the number of ways in which an examiner can assign 30 marks to 8 questions, giving not less than 2 marks to any question.

13) a) In how many ways can 2 squares be selected from an (i) (ii) (iii)

chessboard so that

they are not in the same row or the same column ; they have one side in common ; they are in the same diagonal.

b) In how many ways we can place two queens (one black and one white) on an chessboard so that their fire lines remains separate.

14) a) Show that a selection of 10 balls can be made from an unlimited number of red, white, blue and green balls in 286 different ways and that 84 of these contain balls of all four colours. b) Find the number of ways of selecting 5 coins from coins, three each of Rs. 1, Rs 2 and Rs. 5.

15) a). If n objects are arranged in a row, then find the number of ways of selecting three of these objects so that no two of them are next to each other. b) If distinct things are arranged in a circle, show that the number of ways selecting three of .

these things so that no two of them are next to each other is Questions: 16-30

1. Find the number of positive integers from 1 to 106 (both inclusive) which are neither perfect squares, nor perfect cubes, nor perfect fourth powers.

2. In a row of 20 seats, in how many ways can three blocks of consecutive seats with five seats in each block be selected.

3. A mathematics paper has 12 questions divided into 3 sections . each having 4 questions. In how many ways can you answer 5 questions selecting at least one question from each part.

4. We have 4 balls of different colours and 4 boxes with colours the same as those of the balls. In how many ways can the balls be arranged in the boxes so that no ball goes into a box of its own colour.

5. A person wants to hold as many different parties as he can out of 24 friends, each party consisting of the same number. How many should he invite at a time? In how many of these would the same man be found?

6. A box contains two white balls, three black balls and four red balls. In how many ways can three balls be drawn from the box if at least one black ball is to be included in the draw.

7.

In how many ways can we place

red balls and

white balls in

boxes so that each

7. In how many ways can we place red balls and box contains at least one ball of each colour.

white balls in

boxes so that each

8. a)A zoo has 25 zebras, 14 giraffes, 16 lions and 2 tigers. In how many ways can a tourist visit these animals so that he must see at least one tiger. b) Suppose a lunch buffet has 4 sections having 10,9,8,7 different items of cuisine, respectively. In how many ways, can an invitee to the lunch pick the food items if he is obliged to pick at least 4,2,3,1 items from each of the sections respectively.

9. In how many ways can the letters in the English alphabet be arranged, so that there are 7 letters between the letters and .

10. .

In how many ways can a selection of 5 letters be made from

and

11.

There are

flowers of one kind and 3 of another kind. Show that the number of .

different garlands made of using all these flowers is

12. a) From a given number of books, there are three sets of identical books on physics, chemistry and mathematics. The remaining n are distinct books on other subjects. Find the number of ways of choosing out of books. b) Show that the number of ways in which things of one sort. of another sort and . of a

third sort can be divided between two persons, giving c) Amongst objects out of these objects, .

things to each, is

out of them are identical. Find the number ways select

d) If out of letters there are As, Bs and Cs, show that the number of ways of selecting letters out of these is the same as the number of ways of selecting letters out of them. If , show that the number of ways selecting letters is given by and that the maximum number of such selections is or according as is even or odd.

13. a) Three integers are selected from the integers 1, 2, ..., 1000. In how many ways can these integers be selected such that their sum is divisible by 4. b) An examination consists of four papers. Each paper has a maximum of m marks. Show that the

number of ways in which in which a student can get .

marks in the examination is

14.

a) How many integral solutions are there to the system of equations and when . is

b) The number of positive integral solutions of the inequality

15. a) There are m points on one straight line and points on another straight line . None of them being How many triangles can be formed with these points as vertices ? How many can be formed if point is also included? b) Suppose a city has parallel roads running East-West and n parallel roads running NorthSouth. How many rectangles are formed with their sides along these roads? If the distance between every consecutive pair of parallel roads is the same, how many shortest possible routes are there to go from one corner of the city to its diagonally opposite comer?

Questions: 31-45

1(a) in How many shortest ways can we reach from the point (0,0,0) to point (3,7,11) in space where the movement is possible only along the -axis, -axis and -axis or parallel to them and change of axes is permitted only at integral points. (An integral point is one which has its coordinate as integers) (b) In how many ways 21 identical toys can be distributed among 5 children such that each gets at least one toy and no two children get equal number of toys.

2(a) Find the number of integral solutions of (b) Find the number of positive integral solutions of

, where .

and

(c). Find the number of positive, unequal integral solutions of the equation

3. In a super market there are 8 varieties of articles and each article can be bought in any manner. In how many ways can one buy 4 articles if i. ii. iii. there is no restriction atleast 2 of one variety are to be bought. atleast 2 of one variety and two of other variety are to be bought.

4(a) 10 identical/ordinary dice are rolled simultaneously, how many different outcomes are possible? (b) 2 distinct, ordinary dice are rolled simultaneously. In have many different ways sum of face values of dice can be equal to ,

5. Find the number of whole numbers formed on the screen of a calculator which can read upside down (i.e. can be recognized as numbers with unique (correct) digits). It is given that greatest number that can be formed on the screen of the calculator is 99999999.

6(a) In a big box A, another

small boxes are placed. Now in each of these small boxes either n ,

further smaller boxes are placed or it is left empty. If the total number of filled boxes is equal to then find the number of empty boxes.

(b) In how many different ways can the letters of the word BRIJESSH be placed in the 8 boxes of the given fig. so that no row remains empty.

7(a) Prove that the totals number of ways in which n' distinct places can be filled by taking any number things from different things is , where [.] denotes the greatest integer function . . Two numbers and are selected from this set is divisible by 5.

(b)Consider the set of numbers

with replacement. In how many ways numbers can be selected so that

8(a) If we drawn straight lines in the

plane consisting of

parallel lines in one direction,

parallel lines in the different direction, and intersection.

parallel lines in another direction such

and no three lines meets in a point. Calculate the total number of points of (b) (i) How many triangles oriented the same way as shown in the figure? The grid consists of rows. can be seen in a grid like the one

(ii) Express the number of triangles which can be seen the other way up as a sum of binomial coefficients. Also obtain the value of that sum.

9(a) Show that the number of ways in which three numbers in arithmetical progression can be selected from (b)(i) If and is or , according as and is is odd or even. , where is a fixed positive or

are positive integers such that

integer, show that the greatest value of

according as a is even or odd. (ii) If a straight rods of indefinite length are placed so as to form the greatest possible number of squares, prove that this number is even or odd. or , according as a is

10(a) The sides of a triangle are that number of different triangles is

and , where or

and

and

. If 'c is given, prove

, according as is even or odd. Also, or according as cm. Prove that the or

show that the number of isosceles of equilateral triangles is is even or odd.

(b) Each side of a triangle is an integral number in cm, no side exceeding number of different triangles which can be so formed is

, according as c is even or odd. Also show that the number of isosceles or equilateral triangles is or according as c is even or odd.

11. In how many ways two distinct numbers so that is a multiple of 5.

, and

can be selected from the set

12. Find the number of 5-digit numbers, the sum of whose digits leaves a remainder of 2, when divided by 4.

13. There are seats in the first row of a theatre, of which of ways of arranging persons so that (i) no two persons sit side by side; (ii) each person has exactly one neighbor; and

are to be occupied. Find the number

(iii) out of any two seats located symmetrically about the middle of the row at least one is empty.

14. There are n' switches in a gallery numbered from 1 to the following manner, (i) he operates each ( starting from one) in succession.

. A person operates the switches in

(ii) or, he operates the switches alternatively not necessarily starting from 1

e.g.

or .

(iii) or, he operates any combination of (a) and (b) e.g. (iv) In any case he operates the

switch. Using mathematical induction, prove that the total

number of different ways to operate the switches is

15. Find the number of all possible distinct triangles having side length as integer and perimeter equal to .

46.

21. A train going from Delhi to Bombay stops at nine intermediate station. Six persons enter the train during the journey with six different tickets of the same class. How many different sets of tickets they have had?

47.

34. In a box there arc 50 tickets, numbered 1, 2, 3,... 50. 5 tickets are taken at a time from the box and arranged in the order . In how many cases will be equal to 20?

48.

41. A parallelogram is cut by 2 sets of parallelograms thus formed is

lines parallel to its sides. Show that the total number of .

49.

36. An eight - oared boat is to be manned by a crew chosen from 11 men, of whom 3 can steer but cannot row, and the rest can row but cannot steer. In how many ways can the crew be arranged, if two of the men can only row on the bow side ? [Crew of an eight -oared boat consists of 4 rowers on each side and one steerer.]

[Crew of an eight -oared boat consists of 4 rowers on each side and one steerer.]

50. Find number of possible arrangements of 5 married couples, seated alternately man and woman round a table, 5 wives being in assigned positions and 5 husbands so placed that a man does not sit next to his wife.