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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 1
CSA-S16-90 Example-001

HANDBOOK OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION MANUAL TENTH EDITION - COMPOSITE BEAM
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
Design a simply supported composite beam to span 12 m and carry a uniformly
distributed specified load of 18 kN/m live load and 12 kN/m dead load. Beams
are spaced at 3 m on center and support a 75 mm steel deck (ribs perpendicular to
the beam) with a 65 mm cover slab of 25 MPa normal density concrete.
Calculations are based on F
y
= 345 MPa. Live load deflections are limited to
L/300.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING








TECHNICAL FEATURES OF ETABS 2013 TESTED

Composite beam design, including:

Selection of steel section, camber and shear stud distribution
Member bending capacities, at construction and in service
Member deflections, at construction and in service

Member Properties
W460x74
E = 205,000 MPa

F
y
= 345 MPa
Loading
w = 8.0kN/m (Dead Load)
w = 2.5kN/m (Construction)
w = 4.0kN/m (Superimposed Load)
w = 18.00kN/m (Live Load)
Geometry
Span, L = 12 m
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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 2
RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are referenced from the first example, Design of Simply
Supported Composite Beam, in Chapter 21 of the Steel Construction Institute
Steel Designers Manual, Sixth Edition.
Output Parameter ETABS Independent
Percent
Difference
Construction Design
Moment (kN-m)
247.4 247.5 0.04%
Construction M
s
(kN-m) 512.3 512.3 0.00%
Construction Deflection (mm) 29.9 29.9 0.00%
Design Moment (kN-m) 755.8 756 0.02%
Partial Composite M
c
(kN-m) 780.1

794.8 1.89%
Shear Stud Capacity Q
n
67.7 68.7 1.45%
Shear Stud Distribution 30 30 0.00%
Live Load Deflection (mm) 28.3 28.3 0.00%
Design Shear Force V
f
(kN) 251.9 251.9 0.00%
Shear Resistance V
r
(kN) 842.9 842.9 0.00%
COMPUTER FILE: CSA-S16-09 EXAMPLE 001.EDB
CONCLUSION
The ETABS results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.
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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 3
HAND CALCULATION
Properties:
Materials:
ASTM A992 Grade 50 Steel
E = 200,000 MPa, F
y
= 345 MPa,
s
= 7850 kg/m
3
Normal weight concrete

E = 23,400 MPa, f
cu
= 20 MPa,
c
= 2300 kg/m
3

Section:
W460x74
d = 457 mm, b
f
= 190 mm, t
f
= 14.5 mm, t
w
= 9 mm, T = 395 mm, r
fillet
=16.5 mm
A
s
= 9,450 mm
2
,
3 3
1, 650 10 mm
s
Z = -
,
6 4
333 10 mm
s
I = -

Deck:
t
c
=65 mm, h
r
= 75 mm, s
r
= 300 mm, w
r
= 150 mm
Shear Connectors:
d = 19 mm, h = 115 mm, F
u
= 450 MPa
Loadings:
Self weight slab = 2.42 kN/m
2

Self weight beam = 0.73 kN/m
Construction load = 0.83 kN/m
2

Superimposed dead load = 1.33 kN/m
2

Live load = 6.0 kN/m
2


Design for Pre-Composite Condition:
Construction Required Flexural Strength:
( )
construction
1.25 0.73 1.25 2.42 1.5 0.83 3.0 13.75 kN/m
f
w = - + - + - - =

2
2
construction
construction
13.75 12
247.5 kN-m
8 8
-
-
= = =
f
f
w L
M

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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 4
Moment Capacity:
3 6
0.9 1, 650 10 0.9 345 10 512.3 kN-m
s s y
M Z F

= - - = - - - - =
Pre-Composite Deflection:
construction
2.42 3.0 0.73 8.0 kN/m = - + = w
4 4
construction
4
5 5 8.0 12, 000
32.4
384 384 200, 000 33, 300 10
o = = =
w L
mm
E I

Camber 0.8 25.9 mm, which is rounded down to 25 mm = - o =
Design for Composite Flexural Strength:
Required Flexural Strength:
( ) 1.25 0.73 1.25 2.42 1.25 1.33 1.5 6 3.0 42 kN/m = - + - + - + - - =
f
w
2
2
42 12
756.0kN-m
8 8
f
f
w L
M
-
-
= = =
Full Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Effective width of slab:
L 12,000
3, 000 mm 3,000 mmm
4 4
l
b = = = s
Resistance of slab in compression:
1
0.85 0.0015 0.8125 ' o = - =
c
f
3
1
0.8125 0.65 65 3,000 25 10 2,574 kN

' =o -u - - - = - - - - - =
c c f c
R t b f controls
Resistance of steel in tension:
3
0.9 9, 450 345 10 2,934 kN
s y s y
R P A F

= =u- - = - - - =
Depth of compression block within steel section:
( )
3
( ) 2 2, 934 2, 547 10 2
3.05 mm
0.9 345 190
-
= = =
u - - - -
y c
y f
P R
x
F b

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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 5
Moment resistance of composite beam for full composite action:
r
3 3
h
2 2 2 2
65 3 457 3
2, 574 75 10 2, 934 10 946.7 kN-m
2 2 2 2

| | | |
= - + + + -
| |
\ . \ .
| | | |
= - + + - + - - =
| |
\ . \ .
c
rc c y
t x d x
M R P

Partial Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Assume 42.8% composite action:
0.428 0.4 2, 574 1,101 kN
r c
Q R = - = - =
Depth of compression block within concrete slab:
3
1 eff
1,101 10
27.8 mm
0.8125 0.65 3, 000 25
-
= = =
' o - u - - - - -
r
c
Q
a
c b f

Compression force within steel section:
( ) ( ) 2 2, 934 1,101 2 916.5 kN = = =
r y r
C P Q
Tensile resistance of one flange:
3
0.9 190 14.5 345 10 855 kN
flange y

= u - - - = - - - - = F b t F
f f

Tensile resistance of web:
3
0.9 395 9 345 10 1,104 kN
web y

= u- - - = - - - - = F T t F
w

Tensile resistance of one fillet area:
( ) ( )
fillet y flange web
2 2 2, 934 2 855 1,104 2 60 kN = - = - = F P F F
Compression force in web:
web flange fillet
916.5 855 60 1.5 kN = = =
r
C C F F
Depth of compression block in web:
web
web
1, 5
95 0.5 mm
1,104
= - = - =
C
x T
F

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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 6
Location of centroid of compressive force within steel section measured from top of
steel section:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
flange fillet fillet fillet web
2
0.5 0.2 F 0.5 x C
0.5 14 855 14 0.2 16.5 60 14 16.5 0.5 0.5 1.5
7.9 mm
916.5
- - + + - - + + + - -
= =
- - + + - - + + + - -
= =
f f f
r
t F t r t r
d
C

Moment resistance of composite beam for partial composite action:
r 2 2
3 3
h
2 2
27.8 457
1,101 75 65 7.9 10 2, 934 7.9 10 794.8 kN-m
2 2

| | | |
= - + + + -
| |
\ . \ .
| | | |
= - + + - + - - =
| |
\ . \ .
rc r c y
a d
M Q t d P d

Shear Stud Strength:
From CISC Handbook of Steel Construction Tenth Edition for 19-mm-diameter
studs,

h
d
= 75 mm, w
d
/h
d
= 2.0, 25 MPa, 2,3000 kg/m
3
concrete:
q
rr
= 68.7 kN
Number of studs required =
2 2 2, 574
30
68.7
r
rr
Q
q
- -
= =
Live Load Deflection:
Modulus of elasticity ratio:
200, 000 23, 400 8.55 = = =
c
n E E
Transformed elastic moment of inertia assuming full composite action:
Element
Transformed
Area
A (mn
2
)
Moment Arm
from Centroid
y (mm)
Ay
(10
3
mm
3
)
Ay
2
(10
6
mm
4
)

I
0

(10
6
mm
4
)
Slab 22,815 336 7,666 2,576 8
W460x74 9,450 0 0 0 333
32,265 7,666 2,576 341

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CSA-S16-90 Example-001 - 7
2 6 6 6 4
0
341 10 2, 576 10 2, 917 10 mm
x
I I Ay = + = - + - = -
6
7, 666 10
238 mm
32, 265
y
-
= =
2
6 2 6 4
2, 917 10 32, 265 238 1, 095 10 mm
tr x
I I A y = - = - - = -
Effective moment of inertia assuming partial composite action:
( )
( )
0.25
eff
0.25
6 4
0.85
333 0.85 0.43 1, 095 333
857 10 mm
= +
= + - -
= -
s tr s
I I p I I

( )
4
4
6
eff
5 18 12, 000
5
28.3 mm
384 384 200, 000 1, 095 10
- -
A = = =
- - -
L
LL
w L
EI

Design for Shear Strength:
Required Shear Strength:
factored
42 12
252 kN
2 2
- -
= = =
f
w L
V
Shear Resistance of Steel Section:
0.9 0.66 0.9 457 9 0.66 345 842.9 kN = u - - = - - - - = - - - - =
r w s w y
V A F d t F