MATERIAL SCIENCE AND PROPERTIES mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical, and deteriorative.

processing, structure, properties, and performance CL ASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS METALS,CERAMICS,POLYMERS, SEMICONDUCTORS, COMPOSITES,BIOMATERIALS,SMART MATERIALS, NANO

Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding GECKO LIZARDS HAVING HAIRS IN FEET SELF CLEANING ADHESIVE GRAPHITE DIAMOND SAME ATOM DIFF STRUCTURE NUCLEUS CONTAINS PROTONS AND NEUTRONS SURROUNDED BY ELECTRONS ATOMIC NO. Atomic mass Isotopes Avogrados no. Electrons in Atoms Bohr atomic model- electrons can have only specific values of energy- can revolve in only discrete orbitals Wave mechanical model is accepted quantum numbers- size, shape, and spatial orientation and spin Pauli exclusion principle ground state stable electron configurations electropositive and electronegative Atomic Bonding in Solids Bonding energy, attractive and repulsive forces acting on interacting atoms, graph of force and energy vs interatomic distance primaryor chemical bondare found in solidsionic,covalent, and metallic. Secondary or vander waals bonding-1) induced dipole 2) polar molecule 3) permanent dipole 4) hydrogen bonding Water (Its Volume Expansion Upon Freezing

The Structure of Crystalline Solids X ray diffraction of magnesium Why study structure of solids Crystallinity,Amorphous,Lattice,Unit cell Coordination no. , atomic packaging factor, Fcc structure,Bcc,hcp Density computation

Polymorphism and allotropy Lattice parameters Seven arrangements-crthomt Tin disease Crystallographic points, directions Linear density, planar density Fcc and hcp arrangements in 3d , anisotropy Diffraction techniques, diffraction phenomena

Imperfections in solids Why study of effects is important?? Point- vacancy , self interstitial Linear defects- edge, screw dislocation , burgers defects Interfacial defects-external, grain, stacking faults, twin , twist ,tilt etc. Microscopic detection optical, scanning probe, electron

Mechanical properties of metals Why mechanical properties of metal Tension, compression, torsion tests Elastic deformation-45-407 gpa straight line curve.. some materials do not have secant ot tangent modulus Modulus is proportion to slope of interatomic force separation curve Anelasticity Poisson equation Plastic deformation -.005 strain breakage of bonds Yield strength for different criteria of metals (eefect of temp on all stresses and strains) Tensile strength, necking, fracture stress Ductile materials, bruttle- fracture strain less than 5% Resilience(formula), toughness-brittle or ductile,def, notch toughness True stress and true strain Elastic recovery after plastic deformation graph , phenomena Hardness measurement techniques, diff methods in use (Rockwell, brinnel, vickers)

Phase Diagrams Solid solution, componenets, system Solubility limit, ex- sugar solution, solubility diagram, phase- boundaries, chemical physical or bothhases Microstructure, phase equilibria-constancy of phase prop, metastable structures Phase dia- 3 factors , urnary dia, phase dia for h20 Binary Phase Diagrams-pre held constant, cu-ni alloy, 3 phases, isomorphous systems

,, solidus line, liquidus line INTERPRETATION OF PHASE DIAGRAMS- phases present , composition of phases, phase amounts DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN ISOMORPHOUS ALLOYS on solidification under equilibrium cooling and non equilibrium cooling

Eutectic systems ,, phases