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ALCCOF FINE 1203 per rforms in supe erior manner th han all other mineral m admixtu ures used in concrete c within India. Due to it ts inbuilt CaO content, c ALCCO OFINE 1203 tr riggers two way y reactions dur ring hydration Primary reaction of cement hydration.
Pozzolanic reaction: AL LCCOFINE also consume es by produc ct calcium hy ydroxide from m the hydration of f cement to form additional C-S-H gel, similar to pozzo olans.
This boo oklet presents results of exam mination carrie ed out on ALCC COFINE 1203 in comparison n with Silica Fu ume in concrete e, and the effect it has on wo orkability, wate er requirement t, admixture requirement, stre ength and durability. Thus, ob btained results s confirm that properly desig gned mixes with w judicious use u of ALCCO OFINE 1203 ex xhibits superior properties than Silica Fume.
This res sults in denser pore structu ure and ultima ately higher str rength gain.
INTRO ODUCTION
As a res sult of growth in n advance tech hnology in conc crete, high per rformance conc crete (HPC) ha as gained world d wide popularit ty in the con nstruction indu ustry since 19 990. In practic ce, high perfo ormance conc crete, are gen nerally characte erized by high cement c factors and very low W/C W ratios. Such concrete su uffer from two major m weaknes sses. It is extrem mely difficult to o obtained prop per workability, and to retain the workability y for sufficiently y long period of o time with suc ch concrete mixes. High dosa age of high ra ange water red ducing agents(H HRWR) then become b a necessity, and resu ulting cohesive e and thixotropic, sticky mixes s are equally difficult d to place e and compact t fully and effic ciently. These problem indicate e that there is probably a crit tical limit for the e water conten nt below which high HRWR dosage d become not only esse ential but also unhelpful and undesirable, and a often even n harmful from a durability po oint of view. In high performance p co oncrete applica ations, Silica Fume is genera ally proposed as a the appropria ate cement ext tender where high h strength, low permeability are the pr rime requirements. Though silica fume is s known to im mprove durability y, its addition in concrete is often negated d by the incre ease water and d/or admixture dosage requiired to improve the workability y and handling properties of th he fresh concre ete. ALCCO OFINE 1203 is a specially processed prod duct based on n slag of high glass content t with high rea activity obtained d through the process p of con ntrolled granula ation. The raw materials are composed primary of low ca alcium silicates. . The processing with other select ingredients results in n controlled pa article size dist tribution (PSD). The compute ed blain value based b on PSD is around 1200 00cm2/gm and is truly ultra fin ne. Due to its unique u chemist try and ultra fine e particle size, ALCCOFINE 1203 1 provides reduced water r demand for a given workability, even up to o 70% replacem ment level as per p requiremen nt of concrete performance. ALCCOFINE 1203 can also o be used as a high range wa ater reducer to o improve comp pressive streng gth or as a supe er workability aid a to improve flow. f
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
with regards to its pa article size dist tribution. Figur re: 1, demons strates the com mparative part ticle size distriibution analysis. TABL LE. 1 Distinctive chemical co omposition and d physical comp position Chemica al Analysis CaO Al2O3 Fe2O3 SO3 MgO SiO2 Mass % 30-34 18-25 0.8-3.0 0.1-0.4 6-10 30-36 Physical analysis a Bulk Dens sity Surface Ar rea Particle sh hape Particle Size, d10 d50 d90 Range 600-700 kg g/m3 12000 cm2/gm / Irregular < 2 m < 5m < 9 m
B. Water Demand: Maintainin ng the admixtu ure quantity constant and varying v the wa ater/binder ratio and measuring the e slump and co ompressive stre ength. C. Admixture Requirement: Maintaining M the e water/binder ratio constant and varying th he admixture content c and measuring slump and co ompressive str rength. In all three method dologies binder rs are OPC 430 4 kg, Fly Ash h 80kg and alternately a using ALCCOFINE E 1203 40 0kg and Silica Fume 40kg as total binder content. The total binder co ontent was ma aintained const tant at 550kg/m3. Crushe ed Basalt rock k was used as a coarse aggregate and lo ocal river sand d was used as a fine aggregate. These materials used d were dried completely c befo ore using. The HRWR used was w Polycarbo oxylate ethe er.
Cem ment Fly Ash Silica Fume Alccofiine1203 Wa ater Adm mixture
Material
Ceme ent Fly As sh Silica Fume
Brand Name
ACC Dirk (I) Pvt. Ltd. ORKLA A (I) Pvt.Ltd. (Former rly known as Elkem E India Pv vt.Ltd.) Glenium m BASF
Produ uct
43 Gra ade OPC P 60 920 D
Admix xture
B - 24 44
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
Cem ment Fly y Ash Silica a Fume Alccofine1203 Water Adm mixture
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
The rate es of strength development d fo or 1, 3, 7, 28 and a 56 days an nd workability of o concrete with ALCCOFINE E 1203 in compa arison with Silica Fume is sta ated in table 5.Which indicate e ALCCOFINE 1203 is better than Silica Fume as per the tests t carried ou ut. TABLE 4. 4 The effect of o ALCCOFINE 1203 addition on compressiv ve strength and d workability of f specimen with w equal wate er/binder ratio. SLUMP (mm) S Refe erence mix Sample mix m Silica Fume ALCCOFINE 1203 Initial 30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min 1 Day 3 Day 7 Day 28 Day 56 Day 180 150 110 90 210 180 150 120 concrete e
60 95 Compres ssive Strength (MPa) 20.4 20.58 38.29 49.83 64.17 68.25
Note e:- Contents in kg/ /m3
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
0 160 4
Note:- Contents in kg/m m3
40 152 4
Water
20 0
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
W WaterDem and in lit ters Reference Mix Mi icro Silica Sample mix ALCCOFINE 120 03
It is clea ar from Table 6 and Figure 3-A and B that t decrease in water w content in ncreases the co ompressive str rength. Coming to workability, though the wa ater is decrease ed in sample mix m of ALCCOF FINE 1203, the retention of slu ump is better as s compared to o Silica Fume. The decrease in water demand is becaus se of high glass content whic ch has water repelling property y.
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
TABLE 6: 6 Compressiv ve strength and d workability of f concrete spec cimen with con nstant binder an nd HRWR cont tent. S SLUMP (mm) Refe erence mix Silica Fume Initial 30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min 190 155 120 95 65 Compres ssive Strength (MPa) 21.3 38.75 50.02 64.50 68.50
Note:- Contents in kg/m m3
At a constant binder co ontent, the com mpressive stren ngth of concret te increased along with a reduction in water r. As a result the e assimilation of o ALCCOFINE E 1203 in conc crete facilitates a lower water/ /binder ratio, which in turn ach hieves improved d compressive strength at all ages and dura ability as well.
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
Materials
Admixture
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
It is clea ar from Table 8 and Figure 4 -A and B th hat even by re educing the con ntent of HRWR R ALCCOFINE E 1203 shows better b workabillity and compressive streng gth, as compa ared to Silica Fume. Using AlCCOFINE12 203 in concrete e specimen red duces the amou unt of HRWR as a compared to o Silica Fume which w in turn re educes the mix x cost. ALCCOF FINE 1203 prov vides a lower HRWR H dosage e to obtain a de esired workability. 8 Workability and a compressiv ve strength of concrete c specimen at constant water/binder r ratio. TABLE 8: S SLUMP (mm) Refe erence mix Silica Fume Initial 30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min 185 150 125 100 60 Compres ssive Strength (MPa) 20 38.95 49.23 63.57 68.05
Note e:- Contents in kg/ /m3
Concrete e containing AL LCCOFINE 120 03 display superior results of f compressive strength s as com mpared to Silic ca Fume.
DISCU USSION OF MIX DESIG GN CRITER RIA AND TH HEIR TEST RESULTS
The mix deigns containing ALCCOFINE 1203 are prepared to give optimum ad dvantages in terms of techniical as well as economical benefits. b The obtained o comp parative result ts clearly confirm the supe erior performan nce of ALCCOF FINE 1203 ove er Silica Fume. As per th he methodolog gies carried out t, in first case with w equal amo ount of water/b binder ratio and d HRWR in concrete specime en the compara ative results of ALCCOFINE 1203 1 is better than the silica fume. The res sults are similar even in other two methodolo ogies. Increase in strength & workability and a decreased HRWR ratio is mainly due to the optimize ed Particle Size e Distribution an nd proper chem mical composition of ALCCOF FINE 1203.
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
ALCCOF FINE 1203 fac cilitate to reduc ce water conte ent and/or HR RWR dosage to o provide supe erior performan nce of concrete e in terms of wo orkability and compressive c strength over Silica Fume. long ter rm pozzolanic activity of ALC CCOFINE 1203 3 can be observed as a func ction of its particle size distriibution and che emical compos sition. ALCCOF FINE 1203 res sults in to form mation of dens se pore structu ure and inbuilt CaO provides s increased sec condary hydrat ted products be ecause of whic ch improved str rength gain at early as well as a later ages are e observed. Se econdary hydra ated products formed due to o pozzolanic an nd Cementitiou us hydration re eaction fills the pores. This re educes the pe ermeability of hydrated h produ ucts to great extent e and pro otects concrete e from chemica al attack.
DURA ABILITY
Though the growing str rength is an im mportant criterio on for concrete performance, it sometimes fails f to give a desired d durability y. Under durab bility water perm meability and chloride penetra ation were mea asured most co ommonly. Engineers are, by nat ture, fascinated d and indeed obsessed, by high strength and very high strength con ncrete. Misconception is widelly-held that hig gh strength con ncretes are, pe er se, highly du urable. The impetus for highe er and higher concrete streng gths also came e from demand ds for exceptional increases in the height of o high-rise buildings and for long span bridg ges. High stren ngth concrete is often charac cterized by high h cement facto ors and very low w W/C ratios. Such S concretes generally su uffer from two o major weakn nesses i.e. ex xtremely difficu ult to obtain proper p workability and to retain the workability for a sufficiently long per riod of time. Th hus concept of o strength through durabilit ty become es ssential. (Ref. concept of stre ength through durability R N Swamy Un niversity of She effield, England) d) Permeab bility of concret te often dictate es the performa ance with respe ect to durability y. Chloride e ion penetratio on is the most frequently spe ecified durability y criterion for a long term se ervice life of concrete structure es. RCPT AST TM C1202 is an Standard Test T Method fo or Electrical Indication I of Concretes C Ab bility to Resist Chloride C Ion Penetration.(Title of ASTM C120 02-05) ASTM C1202 C says th hat this test method m is app plicable to typ pes of concrete where corr relations have been establish hed between th his test proced dure and long term t chloride penetration p by ponding meth hod. (ASTM C1202 05,claus se1). Most importantly ALCCOFINE 1203 3 has ability to o increase the service life of o concrete by its Packing Effect. E Packing effect retards ingression of aggressive a age ents in concret te even by diffu usion and thus s enhances dur rability of concrete. The concr rete sample for r durability test t used was hav ving same pro oportion as in sample s Method dology A. To test ALCCOFINE A 12 203 for Chlorid de penetration we w have used ASTM C 1543.
TABLE 9: Water Permeability y (DIN 1048) Assessmen nt of water perm meability Mate erials Reference Mix Sam mple mix Silica Fum me ALCC COFINE 1 1203 Cem ment 430 4 430 Fly Ash 80 80 Silica Fume 40 0 Alccofine1203 0 40 Wa ater 160 160 Adm mixture 4 4 Water Pe ermeability 18mm 13 3mm
Note:- Contents in kg/m m3
As per the results des scribed above we w can see th hat the water permeability p in case of ALCC COFINE 1203 is i less than that t of Silica Fume. Presence of f ultra fine Cem mentitious / poz zzolanic materials allows dens ser packing be etween cement particles p and re educes the wa all effect in transition zone be etween the pas ste and the aggregate. This refines r the conc crete microstructure and en nhances the degree d of imp permeability an nd the strengt th characterist tics of concrete e.
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
Depth h of Sample Extra action (mm) Top p Surface 5 mm m depth 10 mm m depth 15 mm m depth 20 mm m depth 25 mm m depth 30 mm m depth 35 mm m depth
Results s (% by mass) Chloride e content for OP PC concrete Co ontrolled Mater rial 0.4 0.31 0.29 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.15 0.11
Note:- Contents in kg/m m3
Chlo oride content with w AL LCCOFINE 120 03 o.3900 0.045 0.0056 0.0051 0.0051 0.0048 0.0048 0.0048
Because e of its finer pore p structure and chemical stability, ALCC COFINE 1203 in concrete is s substantially y more resistant t to chloride diffusion. Thus, it reduces the e penetration of o chlorides in concrete and protects embedded steel from m corrosion. CaO ava ailable in ALC CCOFINE 1203 3 Contribute to o maintain Ca aOH as buffer r in pore Solut tion, which he elps to maintain n pH of pore so olution. Denser pore matrix re estricts chloride e penetration an nd alkalinity forms passive layer on steel and d protect it from m corrosion.
APPLI ICATIONS
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com
The application of ALC CCOFINE 1203 3 in various Cem mentitious materials are gives s below: High rise Structure Marine Structure Ports Roads Bridges
SUMM MARY
ALCCOF FINE 1203 ca an be used as practical su ubstitute for Silica Fume as s per the resu ults obtained. If the advantag ges of ALCCO OFINE 1203 are e observed in the t concrete mix m design, the initial rate of strength development was foun nd to be increa ased or similar as a that of Silica a Fume. Durabilit ty test measurin ng the water pe ermeability sho owed better res sults than the Silica S Fume. But in ca ase of chloride e permeability we have comp pared ALCCOF FINE 1203 with h OPC and the e results show ws less permeab bility incase of ALCCOFINE A 1203 than that of o OPC. The use e of ALCCOFIN NE 1203, as an a alternative to t Silica Fume can be effect tive in enhanciing the proper rties of concrete e, both in its fre esh and hardened state. Due e to the lower water w demand, ALCCOFINE 1203 can be ideally used to: ter/binder ratio o Lower the wat Use of more cost-effective c a admixture dosages A combination n of above
ALCCOF FINE 1203 is a new genera ation supplementary cementitious materia al (SCM) with a built-in high h tech content. In spite of its high fineness it does not increase water de emand at the dosage d range of o 5 to 15 perc cent of normal OPC O in genera al. In fact concr rete slump is seen s to be imp proved, due to the dense pac cking of cemen ntitious material, , producing low w void content. The use of AL LCCOFINE 1203 results in hydrated cemen nt matrix to com mprise of very small s pores. Strength h development t increases dra astically at ea arly ages and the later on strengths s are higher compared to traditiona al supplementa ary cementitiou us material due e to its unique PSD. Concrete es of over 100 MPa (HPC / UHPC) U are poss sible to be mad de using ALCCOFINE 1203. Judicious J use e of ALCCOFIN NE 1203 can produce p concr rete of superior properties and performan nce in every way
COUNTO MICROF FINE PRODUCTS PVT. P LTD. CORPORAT TE OFFICE: Velho Building, Second Floor, F Opp. Municip pal Garden, Panaji, , Goa 403001 (Ind dia) MUMBAI MARKETING M OFFIC CE Ambuja Cements C Limited, El legant Business Pa ark, 2nd Floor, Behind Kotak Mahindra a Bank, Off Andher ri Kurla Road, Andh heri East, Mumbai-5 59 Phone: 022-4 40667284 . E mail: alccofine.custome ercare@ambujacem ment.com . Web Sit te: www.alccofine.c com