EARTH SCIENCE

Geology is the field of physical science that deals with the structure, properties and

composition of the earth. The Earth is the third planet closest to the sun. It has a diameter of 12, 753 km. Its minimum distance from the sun is 146 million km and its maximum distance from the sun is 152 million km. It revolves around the sun in 365 and days and rotates around its axis in 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds.

COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH

Lithosphere is made up of rocks and metallic minerals. Atmosphere contains 21% of free oxygen, 78% nitrogen and traces of carbon dioxide and

1% of other gases.
Hydrosphere is a body of water surrounding the Earth.

LAYERS OF THE EARTH

Crust outer most layer of the Earth. Mantle thick layer surrounding the core. Core inner most layer of the Earth. Mohorovicic is a Yugoslavian Scientist who discovered the boundary between the Earths crust

and the different rocks of the mantle. He called this Mohorovicic discontinuity. CAUSES OF EARTHS MOVEMENT
The Continental Drift Theory Scientists believed that the Atlantic Ocean was formed when

Africa and South America drifted apart.

Sea Floor Spreading Scientists believed that the drifting apart of Saudi Arabia from Africa

caused the formation of Red Sea.

Plate Tectonics This theory proposed that the lithosphere is divided into large plates.

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LITHOSPHERE OF THE EARTH Classification of Earths Rocks

Igneous Rocks are formed from melted rock that has cooled and solidified. Sedimentary Rocks are formed at the surface of the Earth which are cemented and compacted. Metamorphic Rocks rocks that are subjected to great heat and pressure.

HYDROSPHERE OF THE EARTH Water in Ground and Surface 1. ground water 2. spring 3. rivers 4. oceans 5. lakes Water in the Air 1. water vapor 2. cloud 3. fog 4. rain 5. snow EARTHS ATMOSPHERE Layers: 1. Troposphere 2. Stratosphere 3. Mesosphere 4. Thermosphere
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5. Exosphere ELEMENTS THAT INFLUENCE WEATHER 1. Temperature 2. Air pressure 3. Humidity 4. Wind 5. Clouds 6. Precipitation

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