The company's product range includes both horizontal and vertical centrifugal pumps, with closed and open

impellers. These pumps today form an integral part of Chemical, Petrochemical, Paper, Refineries, Basic Metals, Fertilizers Industries and Thermal Power Stations etc. Apart from this, SAM Pumps have crossed the seas to find a presence in a host of industrial applications abroad. SAM has a captive steel foundry with a capacity of 400 M.T./Month producing materials confirming to IS, ASTM, JIS, AFNOR and BS standards, guaranteeing excellent quality control standards for its products. SAM pumps are approved by leading consultants / inspection agencies like UHDE, JACKOB'S H & G, Development Consultants, LURGI, NTPC, FEDO, PDIL, MECON, KPG, TOYO, TCE, DESIEN, DASTUR CO, etc

Operating Range Delivery Size DN 32 to 150 mm Capacity upto 550 m3/hr Head upto 100m Temperature upto 160 C Pressure upto 16 bar Design: Horizontal, radial split, volute casing pumps according to DIN 24255 std. with closed impeller, end suction, top centre line discharge. Back pull out design enables to remove the rotor without disturbing the pipelines. Application: For handling clean or slightly turbid non-aggressive liquids. Suitable for pumping condensate, general water supply in agriculture, trade, and industries with favourable NPSH condition. Materials: Cast Iron and Bronze.

Operating Range Delivery Size DN 25 to 200 mm Capacity upto 700 m3/hr Head upto 180m Temperature upto 260 C Pressure upto 26 bar Design: Horizontal, radial split, volute casing pumps according to ANSI B73-1 specifications with open impeller, end suction, top centre line discharge. Simple external axial adjustment for impeller wear. Back pull out design enables to remove the rotor without disturbing the pipelines. If a spacer coupling is used, the motor does not have to be removed from the base plate. Only four bearing beds cover the entire 32 models. This means that the shafts, sleeves, bearings, and bearing beds are identical in and interchangeable for a large number of pump sizes. Application: For handling all chemical process requirements like acids, alkalis, corrosive slurries, hydrocarbons etc.

Suitable for all liquids with/without solids

Materials: Graded cast iron / WCB/CF8/CF8M (SS-316)/317/317L/CD4MCU/Alloy - 20/Hastalloy - B/ Hastalloy - C etc.

Operating Range Delivery Size DN 32 to 300 mm Capacity upto 1800 m3/hr Head upto 150m Temperature upto 140 C Pressure upto 22 bar Design: Horizontal, single stage, radial split centrifugal pump with back pull out design. Pumps stock like water resulting in substantial power saving. Wear plate - impeller gap is externally adjustable, hence pump performance and efficiency remain high. Open impellers are specifically designed for stock up 8%. Dynamic seal can handle stock upto 8 % without external sealing water. Mechanical seal/packed stuffing boxes are also available. The prefixed rotor with heavy-duty bearings eliminates seal and bearing problems. Application: Used for continuous operation in process industries, for the pumping of clean, abrasive/corrosive liquids and various stocks up to 8% consistency. Materials: Graded cast iron / WCB/CF8/CF8M (SS-316)/317/317L/CD4MCU/Alloy - 20/Hastalloy - B/ Hastalloy - C etc.

Operating Range Delivery Size DN 50 to 700 mm Capacity upto 4000 m3/hr Head upto 150m Temperature upto 220 C Pressure upto 40 bar

Design: Horizontal, axially split single stage, inline design volute casing pumps with double suction, radial impeller according to API - 610 7th edition. Application: This process and transfer pump has been developed for the most exacting conditions and can be used for a multitude of operations such as for pumping crude oil, oil and liquid hydrocarbons, furthermore for pumping cooling water, hot water, river water, brackish water as well as sea water, and also acids and alkalis. This type can also be used for loading in tank farms and as fire water pumps in fire fighting systems. Materials: Graded cast iron / WCB/CF8/CF8M (SS-316)/317/317L/CD4MCU/Alloy - 20/Hastalloy - B/ Hastalloy - C, and material combination as per API - 610

Ten Reasons to buy OEM Pump Parts

You get the parts that's made to fit your pump and not a par that is "almost alright" The parts are manufactured, under rigid quality control techniques, to original design specifications and tolerances. The materials are properly developed to specifications that ensure consistent quality. The parts, pump, and your application are backed by the company's knowledgeable sales staff and technical support personnel. Critical parts are hydraulically tested to ensure trustworthy application. It allows you to forge a strong relationship with the OEM for the best all-round service. It allows the OEM to develop and maintain a database on the equipment, which can be used for troubleshooting, future upgrades, and accurate re-ordering of parts. By supporting the OEMs, you enable them to conduct more extensive research and development, thereby improving their products, customer service and pricing for yourself. Using non-OEM parts can void the pump warranty. Using non-OEM parts can, in critical applications, pose a safety hazard.

Centrifugal pump is a velocity machine. Peripheral Speed (or) Tip Velocity = DN/60 m/sec. Change in impeller dia will change tip speed Velocities in the pump impeller and casing for similar points on the H-Q curve will vary directly in the same proportion Therefore, Capacity - direct function velocity - vary directly as impeller dia ratio The total head - Function of square of tip speed - will vary square of the dia ratio As power consumption varies as the product of capacity and head, power will vary as the cube of the diameter ratio: BHP = (QxHxSG)/(367 x 0.746 x ) Since it is the tip speed of the impeller that determines head and capacity of the pump, obviously it is immaterial whether the tip speed is changed by cutting down the impeller diameter (or) the pump speed.

Should Suction or Discharge be Throttled ?

Centrifugal pumps will deliver the flow corresponding to the intersection of H-Q curve and system head System Head Curve - static head + friction losses Static Head - 130 M and Friction Loss 30 M at 160 cu.m. assumed H-Q Curve at 130 cu.m. well in excess of system head curve Artificial friction losses by throttling 130 cu.m. and 176 m. power consumption reduced from 77.5 to 70 HP Suction Throttling - will change H-Q curve through cavitation and operation in the so-called break Pump efficiency is seriously affected Erosion and premature destruction - most important of the ill effects. For permanent reduction - cut down impeller (7%) - so that H-Q curve passes through 130 cu.m. and 150 m, to intersect present system head curve. Power consumption - 59 HP as compared to with 70 HP obtained by throttling.

Low NPSH required

Higher Ss (Specific speed) Value

Large Impeller Eye Diameter

Higher Capacity at Suction Recirculation

Higher Minimum Flow

Narrower Range of Trouble Free Operation

Pumping is the addition of kinetic and potential energy to a liquid for the purpose of moving it from one point to another. This energy will cause the liquid to do work, such as flowing through a pipeline or rising to a higher level. A Centrifugal Pump transfers mechanical energy form a rotating impeller into the kinetic and potential energy required. For a given pump operating at a certain speed and handling a certain volume of liquid, the energy applied and transferred to the liquid is same, for any liquid regardless of density. The pump head or energy in Kg/Cm2 must therefore be expresses in m. Within Pumping system itself, we must remember that 1. Head can be measured in various units, such as in m of liquid, pressure in Kg/Cm2, mm of mercury etc. 2. Pressure and head readings can be in gauge or Absolute Units. A column of cold water 10 m high will produce a pressure of 1 Kg/Cm2. Thus, for water at ordinary ambient temperatures, any pressure calculated in Kg/Cm2 can be converted into an equivalent head in m of water by multiplying by 10. for liquids other than cold water, the column of liquid equivalent to 1 Kg/Cm2 can be calculated by dividing 10 by the specific gravity of the liquid.

1 ATM = 1.013 BAR = 1.033 Kg/Cm 1 ATM = 10.33 m column of cold water therefore 10.33 m column of cold = 1.033 Kg/Cm2 water therefore Pressure in Kg/Cm
2

= (1.033/10.33) x Head in m x specific gravity = (Head in m /10) x specific gravity

therefore Head in m = ( Pressure in Kg/Cm /specific gravity ) x 10 Still some of our users are getting confused between the relationship of Head MWC and Head MLC. As long as there are no correction factors involved like viscosity, slurry, etc., The performance of a centrifugal pump will be exactly similar for both water and liquid. If the total differential head is specified in terms of pressure like Kg/Cm2, PSI, etc., the specified pressure value is to be divided by the specific gravity of the liquid being pumped, then the correction factors are to be applied for converting into metres.

If the sum of lift, losses, vapour pressure, and NPSH exceeds Barometric Pressure, then the system needs positive suction head.

A pump operating in a system must develop a total head, which is made up of several components.

Static Head Difference in Pressure Friction loss in pipes, valves etc. Entrance and Exit losses Difference in Velocity Heads

Static Head Static Head Friction Loss Friction Loss Friction Loss

If the sum of total static head and of the frictional losses for a series of assumed flows is plotted against flow, the resulting curve is called the system head curve. Superimpose the H-Q curve of the pump on the system head curve and the intersection will indicate the flow that will be delivered to the system.

In our quest to fully understand the workings of pumps, we must grasp the basic concepts of how pumps work. Pumps are used to transfer liquids from low to high pressure. This may be to move the liquid from one place to another and very often from a low elevation to a high elevation. In addition to the simple movement of the liquid from one area to another area, pumps are also used to increase the flow rates of liquid. Basically, the liquid flows through the suction piping and arrives at the suction nozzle. Note that a pump cannot suck the liquid into the pump, the liquid must have sufficient energy to allow the pump to take the energy and work the liquids energy. This concept is called Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH). TopPositive Displacement (PD) Pumps Positive displacement pumps have some form of movable enclosure. Theyre many types of PD pumps; some consist of rotating gears, others may be as simple as a pulsing diaphragm. The fluid enters the suction nozzle at a low pressure zone, the fluid is then mechanically transported through the pump to the discharge nozzle. This mechanical movement basically contracts and as a fluid cant be compressed the pressure inside the pumps housing increases and the fluid is expelled into the discharge piping. The head or pressure that a PD pump can generate is predominately a function of the tolerances and strength of the pump components coupled with the thickness of the pump case. TopCentrifugal Pumps A centrifugal pump contains an impeller and volute. The impeller is attached to a shaft. The shaft is connected to a driving unit, normally but not exclusively, an electric motor. The fluid enters into the eye of the impeller and is captured between the impeller blades. The blades impart velocity to the fluid as the fluid is transferred from the eye to the outside diameter of the impeller. As the fluid accelerates, a low pressure zone is created in the eye of the impeller. This principle is known as the

Bernoulli principle as velocity increases, pressure decreases. Therefore, the fluid leaves the outside diameter of the impeller with increased velocity and as the fluid hits the internal casing of the volute the fluid stops abruptly and the velocity is converted into pressure the Bernoulli Principle in reverse. As the impeller is spinning, rotary velocity is also occuring and the fluid is transfered around an ever increasing escape channel within the volute. The pathway is increasing and consequently the rotary velocity is decreasing adding additional pressure to the fluid Bernoullis Principle yet again!

Please click on image to enlarge. The pressure and flow that a centrifugal pump can deliver is mostly governed by the diameter of the impeller and the speed of the motor. As we have seen from the David Brown DB37 pump above, several impellers can be used in sequence to build up to the required pressure in several stages. TopBasic Fluid Mechanics Force (F) is equal to Pressure (P) multiplied by Area (A). So F= P x A. Therefore, to work out pressure we divide the Force (F) by the Area (A). Pressure = F/A. When we apply pressure to the surface of a liquid the pressure is transmitted uniformly across the surface and also through the liquid to the walls of the vessel. The pressure can be expressed by a number of imperial and metric units, the most popular bar (metric) and pounds per square inch (psi) imperial. Atmospheric Pressure (ATM)

Atmospheric Pressure (ATM) is the force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere on a unit of area. ATM is equal to 14.7 psia at sea level. As elevation rises above sea level, the atmospheric pressure reduces. Absolute Pressure (psia) Absolute pressure is the pressure measured from a zero pressure reference. Compound pressure gauges record absolute pressure and absolute pressure is 14.7 psia at sea level. Gauge Pressure (psig) Gauge pressure is the pressure indicated on a simple pressure gauge. psig equals psia ATM. Vacuum Understanding vacuum can lead to confusion very often as most people think that vacuum is expressed as a negative psi. This is true with regards to a simple pressure gauge which will record vacuum as a negative psig. However, vacuum is any pressure less than atmospheric pressure. Therefore, anything less than 14.7 psia is a vacuum. Compound gauges record vacuum as a positive psia. When we listen to the daily forecast we often see areas of low pressure described in millibars (1000 millibars is atmospheric pressure). Vacuum can be expressed in many ways. It is probably easiest to think of vacuum in pumping terms as a positive number less than 14.7 psi. TopPump Head Pump manufacturers often talk in terms of pump head. The basic formula for pump head is Head (H) equals Pressure (psi) divided by Density (D). To convert pressure into head we can use the following equation: Head ft = (2.31 x Pressure psi ) divided by (specific gravity). The 2.31 is a conversion factor.

Specific Gravity When we compare the density of a liquid with the density of water, we are detailing the liquids specific gravity. The formula for specific gravity is: Specific gravity = density liquid / density water (i.e. water 60 degrees Fahrenheit at sea level). Water has a specific gravity of 1.0. Other liquids are either denser or lighter than water. The specific gravity affects the pressure in relation to the head as illustrated in the formula above. The above is the reason why pump manufacturers sell pumps that will produce a certain feet of head. The pump manufacturer will not know the final liquid that the pump will be pumping therefore, as the above formula details, the working pressure of the pump will vary depending on the specific gravity of the liquid to be pumped.

Please click on image to enlarge.