Huawei Gprs Umts Ps Fundamental

GPRS&UMTS PS Fundamental
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Foreword
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GPRS&UMTS PS fundamental is the basic part of the

whole system and the later products learning. This slide will help us to understand the GPRS system networking and some important procedure.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com
Page2
References
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3GPP protocol 23060 3GPP protocol 29060 3GPP protocol 24008
Page3
Objectives
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Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

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Describe the GPRS networking structure Describe the GPRS mobility management procedure Describe the GPRS session management procedure
Page4
Contents
1. GPRS&UMTS Network Structure 2. Mobility Management 3. Radio Resource Management 4. Session Management
Page5
GPRS&UMTS Network Structure

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What is GPRS?
p
General Packet Radio Service
What is the function of GPRS?

p
In order to provide the data service out the scope of the fixed network
GPRS network classification

p
GSM GPRS UMTS GPRS
GPRS network background

p
GSM GPRS network reuse the existed GSM network UMTS GPRS network just change the RAN side
Page6

MSC/VLR MSC/VLR SMS-GMSC SMS-GMSC SMS-IWMSC SMS-IWMSC SCP SCP GMLC GMLC HLR HLR EIR EIR
Gs
Gd
Ge
Lg
SS7
Gr
Gf
Gc
BSS BSS
Um Gb
FR/IP
SGSN SGSN
Gn
Gn
ATM DDN ISDN
GGSN GGSN
Ga
PDN
Gi
TE TE
GPRS Backbone
UTRAN UTRAN
Um
ATM/IP
Ethernet.etc
Iu
SGSN SGSN
Ga
CG CG
BG BG
Gp
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com Page7

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Some Abbreviation
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GPRS: General Packet Radio Service BSS: Base Station Subsystem UTRAN: UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network SGSN: Service GPRS Support Node GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node CG: Charging Gateway BG: Border Gateway PDN: Packet Data Network
Page8

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Abbreviations:
p
MSC/VLR: Mobile Switch Center/Visitor Location Register SMS-GMSC: Gateway MSC For Short Message Service SMS-IWMSC: Short Message Service Interworking MSC SCP: Service Control Point GMLC: Gateway Mobile Location Center HLR: Home Location Register EIR: Equipment Identity Register
Page9
Functions of SGSN
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Important Entity Function: SGSN

p
Mobility management
n
The MM functions are used to keep track of the current location of an MS within the PLMN or within another PLMN. SM function manages the PDP context of MS. SGSN performs routing and forwarding of service data between MS and GGSN. SGSN can generate, store, convert and send CDRs.
Session management
n
Routing and transfer

n
Charging
n
p p
Lawful Interception NTP
Page10
Functions of GGSN
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Important Entity Function : GGSN

p
Session management
n
SM function manages the PDP context of MS.
Routing and transfer

n
GGSN performs routing and forwarding of service data between MS and internet.
Charging
n
GGSN can generate, store, convert and send CDRs.
Dynamic IP allocation Service management

n
Manage APN
Page11
Functions of CG
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Important Entity Function: CG

p
Real-time collection of GPRS CDRs Temporary storage and buffering of GPRS CDRs Pre-processing of GPRS CDRs Sending GPRS CDRs to the billing center
Page12
Functions of DNS
SGSN
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GGSN(A)
Important Entity Function: DNS

ISP ISP A A GPRS GPRS backbone backbone ISP ISP B B
BSS DNS GGSN(B) Internet/ Intranet
MS
p p p
Resolve the APN to a GGSN IP in the PDP active procedure Resolve the RAI to a SGSN IP in the inter-SGSN RAU procedure Resolve the RNCID to a SGSN IP in the relocation procedure (UMTS)
Page13
Functions of HLR
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Important Entity Function: HLR

p
Saving and updating GPRS subscriber subscription data User authentication Providing location information and processing needed in mobility management and routing, for example
n
Saving and updating user service SGSN number and address GPRS user location deletion indication Whether MS is reachable
Page14
Functions of BG
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BGthe border gateway between two PLMN, It provides, apart from the security function, the routing function between SGSNs and GGSNs in different GPRS/UMTS networks. BG supports the following necessary protocols for inter-networking of the different operators;
p p
Security protocolrecommend to use IPSEC and firewall; Routing protocol recommend to use BGP
Base on common router;

Gp GSN
PLMN A
R R
BG BG
R R
PLMN B
GSN
Page15
Functions of AAA server

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AAA Server is used to perform authentication, authorization and accounting functions.
In Non-transparent access mode, the GGSN will communicate with remote AAA Server to check the validity of MS/UE by using RAIDUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service) protocol.
Page16
SMS-GMSC and SMS-IWMSC

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SMS-GMSC and SMS-IWMSC: are the part of SMSC, and used to handle the MAP protocol.
The Short message can be sent via CS domain or PS domain.
The operator can decide to use CS or PS to send the short message to MS.
SMS Gd
MS
SGSN
SMS-IWMSC SMS-GMSC
Page17
User Terminal: MS (2G)

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A GSM/GPRS Mobile Station can operate in one of three modes of operation:

p
Class A:
n
operates GPRS and other GSM services simultaneously monitors control channels for GSM GPRS and other GSM services simultaneously, but can only operate one set of services at one time exclusively operates GPRS services
Class B:
n
Class C:
n
Page18
User Terminal: UE (3G)

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A UMTS user equipment can operate in one of three modes of operation:

p
PS/CS mode:
n
operates PS and CS services simultaneously exclusively operates PS services exclusively operates CS services
PS mode:
n
CS mode:
n
In order to read more easily, 2G MS and 3G UE are all named as MS in this document.
Page19
Summary
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GPRS network provides data service to the mobile subscribers.
GPRS network is composed of SGSN, GGSN and CG. BG and DNS provide special function during the data service.
Page20
Objectives
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GPRS&UMTS Network Structure Mobility Management Radio Resource Management Session Management
Page21
Contents
2. Mobility Management
2.1 Basic concepts 2.2 Attach and Detach 2.3 Security Function 2.4 Location Management 2.5 Service Request (UMTS only)
Page22
GMM (GPRS Mobility Management)

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Function of the Mobility Management

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keep track of the current location of an MS within the PLMN or within another PLMN
Subscription data management MS states management
Page23
GMM (GPRS Mobility Management)

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GMM main procedures

p
Attach procedure RAU and periodic procedure Detach procedure
GMM other procedures

p
P-TMSI reallocation procedure Authentication procedure Identification procedure Subscriber management procedure
Page24
GMM States
IDLE IDLE
GPRS Attach GPRS Detach GPRS Attach GPRS D etach or Cancel Location
READY
Implicit Detach or Cancel Location
READY
READY timer expiry or Force to STANDBY
PDU transmi ssion
READY timer expiry or Force to STANDBY or Abnormal RLC condition
PDU reception
STANDBY
STANDBY
MM State Model of MS
MM State Model of SGSN
Page25
PMM (Packet Mobility Management)

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The function of PMM is similar to GMM.
PMM other procedures

p
PMM main procedures

p
P-TMSI reallocation Authentication Identification Subscriber management
Attach RAU and periodic RAU Detach Service request SRNS relocation
Page26
PMM States
PM MD ETAC H ED PM MD ETAC H ED
P S D etach PS Attach P S S ignalling Connection Releas e
Detach, PS Attach R eject, RAU Rej ect
P S D etach PS Attach PS S ignalling Connection Rele as e
D etach, PS Attach Reject, RA U R eject
P MM-IDL E SM-A CTIVE or INA CTIVE
PMMCONNE CTE D S M-ACTIV E or INACT IV E
P MM-IDLE
PMMCONNE CTE D
P S S ignalling Connection Establish
SM-A CT IVE or S M-ACTIV E or PS S ignalling INA CTIVE INAC TIV E Connection Establish
Serving RNC reloc ation
MS MM States
3G-SGSN MM States
Page27
Mobility Management Timer Functions

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READY Timer Function (GSM only)

p
The READY timer controls the time an MS remains in READY state in the MS and the SGSN. When the READY timer expires, the MS and SGSN MM contexts shall return to STANDBY state.
Periodic RA Update Timer Function

p
Upon expiry of the periodic RA update timer, the MS shall start a periodic routeing area update procedure.
Mobile Reachable Timer Function

p
If the mobile reachable timer expires, the SGSN shall clear PPF. After expiry of the mobile reachable timer the SGSN may perform an implicit detach.
Page28
Contents
Page29
Attach Procedure
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Function
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An MS/UE shall perform a GPRS Attach to the SGSN in order to obtain access to the GPRS services.
If the MS/UE is connected via a GSM radio, it shall perform a GSM GPRS Attach procedure.
If the MS/UE is connected via a UMTS radio access network, it shall perform a UMTS GPRS Attach procedure
Page30
Attach Procedure
(IMSI or PTMSI+RAI) (PTMSI) (IMSI) (Identity Type = IMSI) (IMSI)
Page31
Attach Procedure
Page32
Attach Procedure
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Results after any attach procedure:

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SGSN get subscriber data from HLR HLR recorded the MSs serving SGSN number SGSN and MS create MM context for the MS
MS can request Session Management services
Page33
MM Context
Field IMSI MM State P-TMSI P-TMSI Signature IMEI MSISDN Routeing Area Cell Identity Cell Identity Age Service Area Code Service Area Code Age VLR Number New SGSN Address Authentication Vectors Kc CKSN Ciphering algorithm CK IMSI is the main reference key. Mobility management state, IDLE, STANDBY, READY, PMM-DETACHED, PMM-IDLE, or PMM-CONNECTED. Packet Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity. A signature used for identification checking purposes. International Mobile Equipment Identity The basic MSISDN of the MS. Current routeing area. Current cell in READY state, last known cell in STANDBY or IDLE state. Time elapsed since the last LLC PDU was received from the MS at the SGSN. Last known SAC when initial UE message was received or Location Reporting procedure was executed. Time elapsed since the last SAC was received at the 3G-SGSN. The VLR number of the MSC/VLR currently serving this MS. The IP address of the new SGSN where buffered and not sent N-PDUs should be forwarded to. Authentication and ciphering parameters (authentication triplets or quintets). Currently used A/Gb mode ciphering key. Ciphering key sequence number of Kc. Selected ciphering algorithm (GEA). Currently used Iu mode ciphering key. X X X X X X 1) Description A/Gb mode X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 2) 2) X X Iu mode X X X X X X X
Page34
MM Context
IK KSI MS Radio Access Capability MS Network Capability DRX Parameters Radio Priority SMS MNRG NGAF PPF Subscribed Charging Characteristics SMS Parameters Recovery GPRS-CSI ODB for PS parameters Currently used Iu mode integrity key. Key Set Identifier. MS radio access capabilities. MS network capabilities. Discontinuous reception parameters. The RLC/MAC radio priority level for uplink SMS transmission. Indicates whether activity from the MS shall be reported to the HLR. Indicates whether activity from the MS shall be reported to the MSC/VLR. Indicates whether paging for PS and CS services can be initiated. The charging characteristics for the MS, e.g. normal, prepaid, flat-rate, and/or hot billing subscription. SMS-related parameters, e.g. operator-determined barring. Indicates if HLR or VLR is performing database recovery. Optional GPRS CAMEL subscription information, see 3GPP TS 23.016 Indicates that the status of the operator determined barring for packet oriented services. 1) 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
The information marked with a "1)" may be maintained if authentication is performed by the UMTS authentication procedure. The information marked with a "2)" may be maintained if authentication is performed by the GSM authentication procedure.
Page35
Detach Procedure
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Function
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The GPRS Detach procedure allows an MS to inform the network that it does not want to access the SGSN-based services any longer The GPRS Detach procedure allows the network to inform an MS that it does not have access to the SGSN-based services any more
The following three entity can initiate the detach procedure

p p p
MS SGSN HLR
Page36
Detach Procedure
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Results after any Detach procedure:

p p
The SGSN shall not service the detached MS, unless reattach The MS is in idle or PMM-DETACHED state
The MS is detached either explicitly or implicitly:

p p
Explicit detach: The network or the MS explicitly requests detach Implicit detach: The network detaches the MS, without notifying the MS, a configuration-dependent time after the mobile reachable timer expired, or after an irrecoverable radio error causes disconnection of the logical link.
Page37
Detach Types
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The different types of detach are:

p
IMSI detach; GPRS detach; combined GPRS / IMSI detach (MS-initiated only).
The MS can make an IMSI detach in one of two ways depending on whether it is GPRS-attached or not:
p
A GPRS-attached MS sends a Detach Request message to the SGSN, indicating an IMSI detach. This can be made in combination with GPRS detach. An MS that is not GPRS-attached makes the IMSI detach as already defined in A/Gb mode or UMTS.
Page38
Detach Procedure (MS Initiated)

MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN GGSN MSC/VLR 1. Detach Request 2. Delete PDP Context Request 2. Delete PDP Context Response C1 3. IMSI Detach Indication 4. GPRS Detach Indication 5. Detach Accept C2
6. PS Signalling Connection Release
Page39
Detach Type IE of Detach Request

Type of detach (octet 1) In the MS to network direction: Bits 3 2 1 0 0 1 GPRS detach 0 1 0 IMSI detach 0 1 1 Combined GPRS/IMSI detach All other values are interpreted as Combined GPRS/IMSI detach by this version of the protocol. In the network to MS direction: Bits 3 2 1 0 0 1 re-attach required 0 1 0 re-attach not required 0 1 1 IMSI detach (after VLR failure) All other values are interpreted as reattach not required by this version of the protocol.
Page40
7 6 5 Detach type IEI
Power Type of off detach
Power off (octet 1) In the MS to network direction: Bit 4 0 1 normal detach power switched off
In the network to MS direction the Power off bit shall be spare and set to zero.
Detach Procedure (SGSN Initiated)

MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN GGSN MSC/VLR 1. Detach Request
2. Delete PDP Context Request 2. Delete PDP Context Response C1 3. GPRS Detach Indication C2
4. Detach Accept
5. PS Signalling Connection Release
Page41
Detach Procedure (HLR Initiated)

MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN GGSN HLR MSC/VLR 1. Cancel Location 3. Delete PDP Context Request 3. Delete PDP Context Response C1 5. Detach Accept 4. GPRS Detach Indication
2. Detach Request
C2 6. Cancel Location Ack 7. PS Signalling Connection Release
Page42
Purge Function
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Function
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The Purge function allows an SGSN to inform the HLR that it has deleted the MM and PDP contexts of a detached MS
After the MS detach from the network:

p
The SGSN may delete the MM/PDP context immediately the SGSN may keep the MM/PDP context for some time of the detached MS
Purge Timer Function

p
Allows the SGSN to inform the HLR that it has deleted the MM and PDP contexts of a detached MS.
The purge timer is set longer than the mobile reachable timer
Page43
Purge Function
SGSN 1. Purge MS 2. Purge MS Ack HLR
Page44
Contents
Page45
Authentication Function
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Function
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Permit the network to check whether the identity provided by the mobile station is acceptable or not;
Provide parameters enabling the mobile station to calculate a new ciphering key ; UMTS and GSM
Provide parameters enabling the mobile station to calculate a new UMTS integrity key;UMTS only
Permit the mobile station to authenticate the network. UMTS only
Page46
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Authentication types:
p
GSM Authentication
n
Using triplet: RAND, SRES, Kc Using GPRS Encryption Algorithm (GEA)
UMTS Authentication
n
Using quintet: RAND, XRES, AUTN, CK, IK

AUTN: for UE authenticate network IK: for data integrity function
Using UMTS Encryption Algorithm (UEA)
These procedures are used independent of the GSM or UTRAN RANs, i.e. each procedure may be executed in A/Gb mode or in Iu mode.
Page47
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN HLR/Auc
1a. Send Authentication Info 1b . Send Authentication Info ack 2a. Authentication and Ciphering Request 2b. Authentication and Ciphering Response
Page48
Authentication Function(3G)
MS VLR/SG SN HE/HLR Authentication data request Generate authentication vectors AV(1..n) Authentication data response AV(1..n) Store authentication vectors Distribution of authentication vectors from HE to SN
Select authentication vector AV(i) User authentication request RAND(i) || AUTN(i) Verify AU TN(i) Compute RES(i) User authentication response RES(i) Compare RES(i) and X RES(i) Authentication and key establishment
Compute CK(i) and IK(i)
Select CK (i) and IK(i)
Page49
Scope and Start of Ciphering

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In A/Gb mode, the scope of ciphering is from the ciphering function in the SGSN to the ciphering function in the MS. In Iu mode, the scope of ciphering is from the ciphering function in the UTRAN to the ciphering function in the MS.
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN Scope of GSM GPRS ciphering Scope of UMTS ciphering
In A/Gb mode, the MS starts ciphering after sending the Authentication and Ciphering Response message. In Iu mode, the start of ciphering is controlled by the security mode procedure after authentication procedure.
Page50
Identity Check
MS BSS/UTRAN SGSN EIR 1. Identity Request 1. Identity Response 2. Check IMEI 2. Check IMEI Ack
Function
p p
Get IMSI from MS Check the IMEI
Page51
P-TMSI Reallocation
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Function
p p
The SGSN may reallocate the P-TMSI at any time The reallocation procedure can be performed by the P-TMSI Reallocation procedure The P-TMSI can be included in the Attach or Routeing Area Update procedures.
MS
BSS/UTRAN
SGSN
1. P-TMSI Reallocation Command 2. P-TMSI Reallocation Complete
Page52
Contents
Page53
Location Management
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Function
A mechanisms for cell and PLMN selection;
A mechanism for the network to know the Routeing Area for MSs in STANDBY, PMM-IDLE, READY, and PMM-CONNECTED states;
A mechanism for the 2G-SGSN to know the cell identity for MSs in READY state;
Page54
Layered Location Management Mode (2G)
HLR
SGSN
SGSN number
BSS ready state: cell number MS Standby state: RAI
Page55
Layered Location Management Mode (3G)
HLR
SGSN
SGSN number
RNC PMM-connect state: RNCID,RAI,SAI MS PMM-idle: RAI
Page56
Network Architecture
l
Routeing area update procedure

p
PDN
SGSN can manage the MS location information via RAU procedure in RAI level
old SGSN
Gn/Gp
Gi
GGSN
Gn/Gp
new SGSN
Relocation procedure (UMTS only)

p
Gr
Gn
Iu
Iu
Gr IU
IU
Move the Iu interface to the other RNC

RNC2
Iur RNC1
HLR/AUC RNC4
RNC3
Handover procedure
p
RA4 RA1
RA5
RA9
RA10
Move the radio link to the other BTS/NodeB
RA2
RA3
RA6
RA7
RA9
MS
Page57
Routeing Area Update Procedure

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RAU procedure will happen in the following two case:

p
MS entered a new Route Area Periodic RAU ( after periodic timer expires)
In the viewpoint of SGSN:

p
intra-SGSN RAU Inter-SGSN RAU
Page58
Routeing Area Update Procedure

Gn SGSN SGSN
RAI 1
RAI 2
RAI 3
RAI 4
cell
Inter SGSN -RAU
MS
Intra SGSN-RAU
Page59
Inter-SGSN RAU Procedure (2G)
Page60
Page61
Page62
Page63
Contents
Page64
Service Request Procedure

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The Service Request procedure is used by a 3G-MS in PMM-IDLE state to request the establishment of a secure connection to a 3G-SGSN.
The MS in PMM-IDLE state initiates this procedure in order to send uplink signalling messages (e.g. Activate PDP Context Request), user data, or as paging response, or after the MS has regained radio coverage.
This procedure is also used by an MS in PMM-CONNECTED state to request resource reservation for active PDP contexts.
Page65
MS Initiated
MS RNC SGSN HLR GGSN
1. RRC Connection Request 1. RRC Connection Setup 2. Service Request 3. Security Functions
4. Service Accept
4. Radio Access Bearer Assignment Request 5. Radio Bearer Setup 6. Radio Bearer Setup Complete 6. Radio Access Bearer Assignment Response 7. SGSN-Initiated PDP Context Modification
8. Uplink PDU
Page66
Network Initiated
MS RNC SGSN
1. Downlink PDU 2. Paging 2. Paging 3. RRC Connection Request 3. RRC Connection Setup
HLR
GGSN
4. Service Request 5. Security Functions 6. Radio Access Bearer Assignment Request
6. Radio Bearer Setup
6. Radio Bearer Setup Complete
6. Radio Access Bearer Assignment Response
7. SGSN-Initiated PDP Context Modification Procedure 8. Downlink PDU
Page67
Service Type IE of Service Request Msg.

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MS initiated
p
Service type= signalling. Service type= data.
Network initiated
p
Service type= paging response
Page68
Summary
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Attach, location management, security function and detach procedures are the main procedures in PS core network.
SRNS relocation procedure and Service request procedure are newly added in UMTS PS core network.
Page69
Contents
Page70
Paging Summary
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The MM state in SGSN and MS before paging:

p
PMM-IDLE STANDBY mode
Change MM state in MS to PMM-Connected or Ready after successful paging.
Identification of MS in Paging message:

p
P-TMSI is used to identify the MS If P-TMSI is invalid or MS not respond ,then use IMSI
Page71
Paging for GPRS (2G)

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Function
p
An MS in STANDBY state is paged by the SGSN before a downlink transfer to that MS
Paging move the MS state from STANDBY to READY. Any uplink data from MS is a valid response to paging
Page72
Paging for GPRS (2G)

MS BSS SGSN 1. PDP PDU STANDBY 3. GPRS Paging Request 4. Any LLC Frame (Receive Ready or Information frame) 5. Any LLC Frame 2. Paging Request
(IMSI, P-TMSI, Area, Channel Needed, QoS, DRX Parameters)
READY
Page73
Paging Initiated by CN (3G)

l
PS Paging Initiated by 3G-SGSN without RRC Connection for CS

p
A CN node requests paging only for MSs in PMM-IDLE state The RNS controls whether the MS has an established RRC connection or not
MS has no RRC connection Paging Type 1 is transferred on the Paging channel
Page74

l
PS Paging Initiated by 3G-SGSN without RRC Connection for CS

MS RNS MSC/VLR
3G-SGSN PMM IDLE 3. Paging Type1 4. Service Request 4. Service Request PMM CONNECTED 1. PDP PDU or Downlink signaling
(PCH paging)
2. Paging
(IMSI, P-TMSI, Area, CN Domain Indicator, DRX parameters)
Page75

l
PS Paging Initiated by 3G-SGSN with RRC Connection for CS

p
A CN node requests paging only for MSs in PMM-IDLE state The RNS controls whether the MS has an established RRC connection or not
In this case, MS has an established RRC connection for CS service
Paging Type 2 is base on the establish RRC connection
Page76

l
PS Paging Initiated by 3G-SGSN with RRC Connection for CS

MS RNS MSC/VLR
Connection Established
PMM IDLE
3G-SGSN 1. PDP PDU or Downlink signalling
3. Paging Type2 4. Service Request
(RRC paging)
2. Paging
4. Service Request
PMM CONNECTED
(IMSI, P-TMSI, Area, CN Domain Indicator, DRX parameters)
Page77
CS Paging (GSM only)

l
When an MS is both IMSI and GPRS-attached in a network that operates in mode I, the MSC/VLR executes paging for circuit-switched services via the SGSN. If the MS is in STANDBY state, it is paged in the routeing area and in the null routeing area (see clause "Routeing Area Identity of TS23060). If the MS is in READY state, it is paged in the cell. The SGSN converts the MSC paging message into an SGSN paging message.
MS BSS SGSN 1. Page 2. Paging Request 3. Paging Request 4. SABM (Paging Response) 5. SCCP Connection Request (Paging Response) MSC/VLR
Page78
CS Paging (UMTS only)

l
When an MS is both IMSI- and GPRS-attached in a network that operates in mode I, the MSC/VLR executes paging for circuit-switched services via the SGSN.
In the MSC, a paging timer supervises the paging procedure.

MS RNS 3G-SGSN 1. Page 2. Paging 3. Paging Request 4. RRC Initial Direct Transfer (Paging Response) 5. RANAP Initial UE (Paging Response) MSC/VLR
Page79
Summary
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In UMTS, Paging type 1 for UE without RRC connection with RNC, Paging type 2 for UE with RRC connection with RNC.
CS paging can be executed via PS.
Page80
Contents
Page81
Contents
4. Session Management
4.1 Basic concepts
4.2 PDP Context Activation Procedure
4.3 PDP Context Modification Procedure
4.4 PDP Context Deactivation Procedure
Page82
Session Management
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Function
p
Establish and monitor a packet tunnel from MS to GGSN, and allocate system resource for the packet service.
Important Procedure
p
PDP Context Activation PDP Context Modification PDP Context Deactivation
Page83
PDP Context
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PDP Context: Packet Data Protocol context
PDP context contains all the information needed to transfer user data between MS and GGSN.
The context includes parameters such as RA, QoS (Quality of Service), Charging ID etc.
PDP context exists in MS, SGSN, GGSN.
Page84
PDP Context
Each MM context contains zero or more of the following PDP contexts: Field Description PDP Context Identifier PDP State PDP Type PDP Address APN Subscribed APN in Use NSAPI TI TEID for Gn/Gp TEID for Iu GGSN Address in Use VPLMN Address Allowed QoS Profile Subscribed Index of the PDP context. Packet data protocol state, INACTIVE or ACTIVE. PDP type, e.g. PPP or IP. PDP address, e.g. an IP address. The APN received from the HLR. The APN currently used. This APN shall be composed of the APNNetwork Identifier and the APN Operator Identifier. Network layer Service Access Point Identifier. Transaction Identifier. Tunnel Endpoint Identifier for the Gn and Gp interfaces. Tunnel Endpoint Identifier for the Iu interface. The IP address of the GGSN currently used. Specifies whether the MS is allowed to use the APN in the domain of the HPLMN only, or additionally the APN in the domain of the VPLMN. The quality of service profile subscribed. A/Gb mode X X X X X X X X X X X X Iu mode X X X X X X X X X X X X X
Page85
PDP Context
QoS Profile Requested QoS Profile Negotiated Radio Priority Packet Flow Id Aggregate BSS QoS Profile Negotiated Send N-PDU Number Receive N-PDU Number GTP-SND GTP-SNU PDCP-SND PDCP-SNU Charging Id PDP Context Charging Characteristics RNC Address in Use The quality of service profile requested. The quality of service profile negotiated. The RLC/MAC radio priority level for uplink user data transmission. Packet flow identifier. The aggregate BSS quality of service profile negotiated for the packet flow that this PDP context belongs to. SNDCP sequence number of the next downlink N-PDU to be sent to the MS. SNDCP sequence number of the next uplink N-PDU expected from the MS. GTP-U sequence number of the next downlink N-PDU to be sent to the MS. GTP-U sequence number of the next uplink N-PDU to be sent to the GGSN. Sequence number of the next downlink in-sequence PDCP-PDU to be sent to the MS. Sequence number of the next uplink in-sequence PDCP-PDU expected from the MS. Charging identifier, identifies charging records generated by SGSN and GGSN. The charging characteristics of this PDP context, e.g. normal, prepaid, flat-rate, and/or hot billing. The IP address of the RNC currently used.
Page86
X X X X X X X X X
X X
X X X X
X X
X X X
MM Context and PDP Context

HLR
MS Uu
BSC Gb/ Iu or RNC
SGSN Gn
MM context PDP context #1 . . PDP context #n
GGSN
MM context PDP context #1 . . PDP context #n
PDP context #1 . . . PDP context #n
Page87
PDP State
INACTIVE
PDP state
p
inactivecannot transmit data activecan transmit data
Activate PDP Context
Deactivate PDP Context or MM state change to IDLE or PMM-DETACHED
ACTIVE
Page88
PDP Type and PDP Address

l
PDP Type
p p p
IPV4 IPV6 PPP Static IP

n n
PDP Address
p
Public IP Allocate by the operator Private IP Allocate by GGSN, DHCP or Radius
Dynamic IP
n n
Page89
QoS
l
QoS: quality of service

p
It is a group of parameters that can define the network ability, such as the bit rate for downlink or uplink data transmission and the reliability class and so on
It is end to end concept
Page90
APN
l
APN structure: APN-NI+APN-OI
huawei.com.cn.mnc<MNC>.mcc<MCC>.gprs
APN Network ID
APN Operator ID
Operator ID : fixed extension, must end with .gprs Network ID shall not end with .gprs
Page91
APN
IP1 GGSN1
APN1
APN1 APN2 APN3
MS
APN
SGSN
GGSN2
APN2
APN
GGSN IP GGSN3
APN3
DNS
APN1=GGSN1 IP1 APN2=GGSN2 IP2 APN3=GGSN3 IP3
Page92
APN
internet
l
General APN
GGSN GuangDong province
GGSN
SGSN
SGSN
APN:CMNET MS Roaming MS
Page93
APN
l
Local APN
VPN tunnel
GGSN Province 1
GGSN Province 2
SGSN
SGSN
APN:test.xy MS Roaming
MS
APN
BTS /NodeB BSC /RNC GGSN (A) MS ISP ISP A A ISP ISP B B
APNAPN-NI/ Or APNAPN-NI+APNNI+APN-OI
SGSN DNS
Backbone Backbone
GGSN (B)
Corp. Corp. Network Network
APNAPN-NI
DNS DNS
APNAPN-NI+APNNI+APN-OI GGSN IP address
Contents
4.1 Basic concepts
Page96
Activation Procedure
l
PDP context activation procedure

p
To establish a PDP context between the MS and the SGSN, the GGSN
Activation procedure types:

p
PDP context activation procedure
Secondary PDP Context Activation Procedure Network-Requested PDP Context Activation Procedure
Page97
PDP Context Activation Procedure (2G)

MS BSS 2G-SGSN 2G-GGSN
1. Activate PDP Context Request
2. Security Functions
3. Create PDP Context Request 3. Create PDP Context Response 4. BSS Packet Flow Context Procedures
5. Activate PDP Context Accept
Page98
PDP Context Activation Procedure (3G)

MS UTRAN 3G-SGSN 3G-GGSN 1. Activate PDP Context Request (PDP Type, PDP Address, Access Point Name, QoS Requested) 2. Create PDP Context Request 3. Create PDP Context Response 4. Radio Access Bearer Setup Qos Charging ID allocation IP address 5. Update PDP Context Request 6. Update PDP Context Response
7. Activate PDP Context Accept
Page99
Handling in MS
l
MS start and send Active PDP context request to SGSN

p
Provide QoS parameter Provide a APN-NI Provide a static IP or null
Receive ACCEPT from SGSN

p
If the QoS not accept by MS, then starts delete PDP context procedure.
Page100
Handling in SGSN
l l
Check subscriber data APN selection

p p p
According to TS 23.060 default APN, APN provide from MS and the APN subscribed in HLR APN-NI.APN-OI Hostfile/Cache/DNS server QoS provided from MS, default QoS ,QoS subscribed in HLR
Interrogate DNS
p
QoS negotiation
p
l l l
Send message Create PDP context request to GGSN RAB assignment (UMTS only) Send message Active PDP context accept to MS
p p
Dynamic IP address QoS
Page101
Handling in GGSN
l l l l l
Check the APN provided by SGSN QoS negotiation Allocate a dynamic IP to the MS Allocate a charging ID for the PDP context Return a CREATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT message to SGSN
p p p p
Dynamic IP QoS Charging ID Other information
Update PDP context
Page102
Handling in RNC
l
RAB assignment
MS SGSN GGSN
RNC
RAB assignment (Final negotiated Qos)
Allocate radio resource
Allocate Iu interface resource
Page103
Network-Requested PDP Context Activation Procedure

MS SGSN HLR GGSN 1. PDP PDU 2. Send Routeing Info for GPRS 2. Send Routeing Info for GPRS Ack 3. PDU Notification Request 3. PDU Notification Response 4. Request PDP Context Activation 5. PDP Context Activation procedure
Page104
Contents
4.1 Basic concepts
Page105
Modification Procedures
l
Modification procedures modify parameters that were negotiated during an activation procedure for one or several PDP contexts. An MS, a GGSN, an SGSN, or an RNC can request a modification procedure. The following parameters can be modified:
p p p p p
QoS Negotiated; Radio Priority; Packet Flow Id; PDP Address (in case of the GGSN-initiated modification procedure); TFT (in case of MS-initiated modification procedure).
Page106
SGSN-Initiated Modification Procedure

MS UTRAN SGSN GGSN 1. Update PDP Context Request 2. Update PDP Context Response 3. Modify PDP Context Request 4. Modify PDP Context Accept C1 5. Radio Access Bearer Modification 6. Invoke Trace
Page107
GGSN-Initiated Modification Procedure

MS UTRAN SGSN GGSN
1. Update PDP Context Request 2. Modify PDP Context Request 3. Modify PDP Context Accept 4. Radio Access Bearer Modification 5. Update PDP Context Response C1
Page108
MS-Initiated Modification Procedure

MS UTRAN 1. Modify PDP Context Request 2. Update PDP Context Request 3. Update PDP Context Response 4. Radio Access Bearer Modification 5. Modify PDP Context Accept C1 SGSN GGSN
Page109
RNC-initiated RAB Modification Procedure

l
RNC modify RAB may cause SGSN modify PDP context.

MS RNC 1. RAB Modify Request SGSN GGSN
2. SGSN initiated PDP Context Modification Procedure
Page110
Contents
4.1 Basic concepts
Page111
MS Initiated Deactivation Procedure

l
For GPRS
MS 2G-SGSN 2G-GGSN
1. Deactivate PDP Context Request C1 2. Security Functions 3. Delete PDP Context Request 3. Delete PDP Context Response 4. Deactivate PDP Context Accept
Page112
MS Initiated Deactivation Procedure

l
For UMTS
MS UTRAN 3G-SGSN 3G-GGSN
1. Deactivate PDP Context Request C1 3. Delete PDP Context Request 3. Delete PDP Context Response 4. Deactivate PDP Context Accept 5. Radio Access Bearer Release
Page113
SGSN-initiated Deactivation Procedure

MS UTRAN SGSN C1 1. Delete PDP Context Request 1. Delete PDP Context Response 2. Deactivate PDP Context Request 2. Deactivate PDP Context Accept 3. Radio Access Bearer Release GGSN
Page114
GGSN-initiated Deactivation Procedure
MS
UTRAN
SGSN
GGSN
1. Delete PDP Context Request C1 2. Deactivate PDP Context Request 2. Deactivate PDP Context Accept 3. Delete PDP Context Response 4. Radio Access Bearer Release
Page115
Summary
l
The session management function includes the flowing functions:

p
PDP context activation function; PDP context modification function; PDP context deactivation function;
Page116
Thank you
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Huawei Gprs Umts Ps Fundamental

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GPRS&UMTS PS Fundamental

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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GPRS&UMTS PS fundamental is the basic part of the

3GPP protocol 23060 3GPP protocol 29060 3GPP protocol 24008

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

GPRS&UMTS Network Structure

General Packet Radio Service

What is the function of GPRS?

GPRS network classification

GSM GPRS UMTS GPRS

GPRS network background

GPRS&UMTS Network Structure

GPRS&UMTS Network Structure

GPRS&UMTS Network Structure

Important Entity Function: SGSN

Routing and transfer

Lawful Interception NTP

Important Entity Function : GGSN

SM function manages the PDP context of MS.

Routing and transfer

GGSN can generate, store, convert and send CDRs.

Dynamic IP allocation Service management

Important Entity Function: CG

Important Entity Function: DNS

BSS DNS GGSN(B) Internet/ Intranet

Important Entity Function: HLR

Base on common router;

Functions of AAA server

AAA Server is used to perform authentication, authorization and accounting functions.

SMS-GMSC and SMS-IWMSC

The Short message can be sent via CS domain or PS domain.

User Terminal: MS (2G)

A GSM/GPRS Mobile Station can operate in one of three modes of operation:

User Terminal: UE (3G)

A UMTS user equipment can operate in one of three modes of operation:

GPRS network provides data service to the mobile subscribers.

GMM (GPRS Mobility Management)

Function of the Mobility Management

Subscription data management MS states management

GMM (GPRS Mobility Management)

GMM main procedures

Attach procedure RAU and periodic procedure Detach procedure

GMM other procedures

Implicit Detach or Cancel Location

READY timer expiry or Force to STANDBY

PDU transmi ssion

READY timer expiry or Force to STANDBY or Abnormal RLC condition

MM State Model of SGSN

PMM (Packet Mobility Management)

The function of PMM is similar to GMM.

PMM other procedures

PMM main procedures

P-TMSI reallocation Authentication Identification Subscriber management

P S D etach PS Attach P S S ignalling Connection Releas e

Detach, PS Attach R eject, RAU Rej ect

P S D etach PS Attach PS S ignalling Connection Rele as e

D etach, PS Attach Reject, RA U R eject

P MM-IDL E SM-A CTIVE or INA CTIVE

PMMCONNE CTE D S M-ACTIV E or INACT IV E

P S S ignalling Connection Establish

Serving RNC reloc ation

Mobility Management Timer Functions

READY Timer Function (GSM only)