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Module 4: Dynamic Vibration Absorbers and Vibration Isolator Lecture 19: Active DVA

The Lecture Contains: Development of an Active DVA Proof Mass Actutor Application of Active DVA

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Module 4: Dynamic Vibration Absorbers and Vibration Isolator Lecture 19: Active DVA

In this section, we will consider the development of an active dynamic vibration absorber. It may be noted that Passive Neutralizer eliminates primary response only at a particular frequency. Use of active element - for example, a hydraulic actuator would increase the advantage of tuned mass damping for a broad frequency range.

Figure 19.1: Active dynamic vibration absorber

Let us consider the new model as shown in Fig 19.1. Here, harmonic excitation . and denotes the primary mass and

the primary stiffness. The damping of the primary system is neglected. The system is subjected to a

The primary system is attached to a secondary system of fixed mass and stiffness respectively. However, there is an additional spring element with variable stiffness ' of a hydraulic actuator.

' representative

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Module 4: Dynamic Vibration Absorbers and Vibration Isolator Lecture 19: Active DVA

The governing EOM of the two DOF system may be written as (19.1) (19.2) Using from Equation 19.2 we get

or

or

(19.3)

Similarly, from Equation 19.1, we get

or,

or

Thus, when the hydraulic actuator is switched on the active displacement of the primary mass be written as:

may

When the hydraulic system is switched off, the passive displacement of the primary mass written as

may be

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The ratio of active and passive displacement of the primary mass brings out the efficiency of the new system. Therefore,

For a simple case, use

As a test case,

for

and

for

From these expressions, you can check that the negetive feedback system with better for a wider frequency range.

works

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Module 4: Dynamic Vibration Absorbers and Vibration Isolator Lecture 19: Active DVA

Active DVA
Now, we will consider another active DVA commonly known as proof mass actuator . The basic system is described in Fig. 19.2.

Figure 19.2: Proof mass actuator

A proof mass mp is connected to a magnetic base with spring k and damper c. The proof mass is placed over a solenoid in which magnetic field could be generated by passing current through coils. The resistance of the coil is R, inductance L, current passing through the coil is i and the proportionality constant corresponding to back EMF is k b . The EOM are provided below. Governing equation for electric system (19.4) Governing equation for mechanical system (19.5) where k a is the current constant Converting Equation 19.4 into frequency domain,

(19.6) Similarly, from 19.5

Using Equation 19.6 we get

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Denoting,

(19.7)

Also, force exerted by the proof mass actuator on the base is . Using Equation 19.7

, therefore,

(19.8)

This relationship tells us how force F will be generated by the proof mass accelerator upon application of voltage .

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Module 4: Dynamic Vibration Absorbers and Vibration Isolator Lecture 19: Active DVA

Application of active DVA

Consider a SDOF system (undamped, mass m1 ) subjected to base excitation.

Figure 19.3: SDOF subjected to base excitation

The equation of motion may be written as (19.9) Transforming into frequency domain this becomes

Therefore,

(19.10)

Plugging the output of the Active DVA into the system and using Equation 19.8, we get the new displacement of m1 as

(19.11)

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Module 4: Dynamic Vibration Absorbers and Vibration Isolator Lecture 19: Active DVA

A Special case:
When, is constant,

One can show a wide band amplitude reduction of the primary mass (X1 ) by suitably choosing k a and k b in equation (19.11)

Numerical exercise: Consider,

Find out the Transfer function

and plot.

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