13.

Egg White
Renate Landig
German Team
2
Task
White light appears red when it is
transmitted through a slice of boiled egg
white. Investigate and explain this
phenomenon. Find other similar examples.
3
Overview
Experiments
Structure of Egg White
Theory
Rayleigh Scattering
Similar Examples
Modified Rayleigh Scattering
4
Experimental Setup
5
Basic Experiment
Unpolarized white light
0.15 mm solid egg white
the screen behind the slice:
spectrum with sample
without
prism
6
Spectrometer
280nm: absorption maximum
Boiled egg (d=0.1mm)
7
Structure of Egg White
mixture of proteins in water
protein: 20 different amino acids
unfolding through heat input
reactions between proteins
unstructured network (random coil)
density fluctuations scattering
Denaturated egg white:
Liquid egg white:
8
Scattering
Wave excites particles oscillation
Hertzs dipole
Scattering fields
9
Derivation of E-field
P
E
r
_ O
2
2
dt
p d
dt
dI
dt
dB
E

0
2
E E
r
E
1

c k c = =

2
(1)
t i
e p p

0
=
(2)
sin E
(3)
(4)

sin
4
0
2
0
r
k
E E =
10
Unpolarized Light

||

E
||
E
|| , 0
E
, 0
E
.

cos
4
0
2
|| , 0 ||
r
k
E E =
2
0
2
, 0
sin
4

r
k
E E

=
11
Rayleigh Scattering
2
||
2
2
E E E + =

0
2
2
0
2
4
2
) cos 1 (
4
I
r
k
I
u
tc
o +
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
4
4 2
1
d

=

k r I P


2
E I
The radiant power of one particle:
12
Extinction
x
I I

= e
0
4
1
ln
0

= = x
I
I
Lambert-Beers Law:
Extinction:
nP
n
I I

dI, dx
13
Comparison with Experiment
800nm
350nm
expected
measured
1
1.2
0.8
1.8
1.6
2
1.4
e
x
t
i
n
c
t
i
o
n

[
1
]
[ ]
-4 25 4
m 10

2
5 4 3 1
14
With Interference
2 scat inc
sin 2
cos

bk k r k r
r b
= =
=
r
r
r
r
r
rr
inckrrr
scatkrrr
b
inckr
scatkr

P
O
15
Modified Rayleigh-Scattering
2
2
i
sin
) sin sin( 1
d e
1
) (
2
2

a
ka
k
b A
Aa
R
a
a
-
= =



2
Rlgh
) ( R I I =
( )

=
)
`

u
u
tc
_
cos
1
4
0
2
0
||
R
r
V k
E
E
E
16
Dependence on
( )
}
}
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

ka
P
r I P
d
sin
sin sin
2
cos 1 1
d
2
2
2
2
2
2
u
u
u

(k) is only slightly dependant on k

2
1

P
) (k
17
Extinction- -plot
2

1.8
e
x
t
i
n
c
t
i
o
n

[
1
]
1.4
1.6
1
1.2
0.8
[ ]
-2 12 2
m 10

2.5
4 3 5 4.5 3.5
1.8
18
Similar Examples (1)
Sunset / Lunar eclipse
19
Similar Examples (2)
Milk in water
20
Similar Examples (3)
Polyethylene: e. g. white plastic bag
21
Similar Examples (4)
Ouzo in water
without
liquid
13. Egg White
Renate Landig
German Team