Candidate

Centre Number Number

Candidate Name

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE LOCAL EXAMINATIONS SYNDICATE

General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

CHEMISTRY 5070/2
PAPER 2 Theory
MAY/JUNE SESSION 2000 1 hour 30 minutes

Additional materials:
Answer paper
Electronic calculator and/or Mathematical tables

TIME 1 hour 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page and on
any separate answer paper used.
Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers on the separate answer paper.
At the end of the examination, fasten any separate answer paper used securely to the question paper.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question
or part question.
Mathematical tables are available.
You may use a calculator.
FOR EXAMINER’S USE
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 12.
Section A

B8

B9

B10

B11

TOTAL

This question paper consists of 12 printed pages.

SB (DJ) QF06368/4
© UCLES 2000 [Turn over
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SECTION A

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 Choose from the following substances to answer the questions below.

aluminium ammonia iron lithium

magnesium oxide potassium hydroxide silicon sulphur dioxide

Each substance can be used once, more than once, or not at all.

Name a substance which

(a) is an acidic gas,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) is a compound with a very high melting point and can be used in the lining of furnaces,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) is a metal with a high melting point and a high density,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) is a solid at room temperature and dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution,

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) is an element which is soft with a low density.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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A2 Two isotopes of carbon are carbon-12 and carbon-13. The proportion of these isotopes in
ivory elephant tusks can be used to determine where in the world the tusks come from.

(a) What is the meaning of the term isotopes?

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Complete the table about atoms of carbon-12 and carbon-13.

isotope symbol number of protons number of electrons number of neutrons

per atom per atom per atom

12
carbon-12 6C 6 6 6

carbon-13

[2]

(c) Elephants eat plants that contain carbon-12 and carbon-13 combined in compounds
such as carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates in plants are formed from glucose that is made by the process of
photosynthesis.

Briefly describe, including a word equation, the process of photosynthesis.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[3]

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A3 Alkenes are an homologous series of hydrocarbons.

The table below shows the properties of some alkenes.

alkene molecular formula melting point/°C boiling point/°C

ethene C2H4 -169 -105
propene -185 -48
C4H8 -185 -6
pentene C5H10 -165 30
hexene C6H12 -140 64

(a) Describe how alkenes are manufactured.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Name the alkene with the molecular formula C4H8.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) What is the molecular formula of propene?

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) Name an alkene that is a liquid at room temperature.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) Draw a ‘dot and cross’ diagram to show the bonding in ethene.
You need only draw the electrons in the outer shells of carbon and hydrogen.

[2]

(f) (i) Write the equation for the reaction between ethene and steam.

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) What name is given to this type of reaction?

...............................................................................................................................[2]

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A4 (a) An excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach causes indigestion. An indigestion tablet
contains a mixture of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide.
Give the formulae of two salts formed when the tablets react with hydrochloric acid.

............................................................... and ...............................................................[2]

(b) 3.0 dm3 of 0.10 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid is spilled on a laboratory floor.
The spilt acid is neutralised by 1.0 mol/dm3 aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate.

HCl(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) → NaCl (aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

Calculate the volume of aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate needed to neutralise the

hydrochloric acid.

[2]

(c) Aqueous ammonia is spilled on a laboratory floor.

Name a compound that will neutralise the ammonia.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) Some plants cannot grow in soils that are too acidic.
Name a solid that is used to neutralise acidic soils.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

A5 Aqueous iron(II) ions react with acidified potassium manganate(VII) according to the
equation below.

5Fe2+(aq) + 8H+(aq) + MnO4-(aq) → 5Fe3+(aq) + 4H2O(l) + Mn2+(aq)

(a) What is the reducing agent in this reaction?

Explain your answer.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Describe briefly how aqueous potassium iodide can be used to test for an oxidising
agent.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

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A6 Many cars are fitted with air-bags which inflate in an accident. Air-bags contain the solid
sodium azide, NaN3, which decomposes rapidly to form sodium and nitrogen. The nitrogen
formed fills the air-bag.

(a) Construct the equation, including state symbols, for the decomposition of sodium azide.

......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) In a crash, an air-bag fills with 72 dm3 of nitrogen at room temperature and pressure.
What mass of sodium azide is needed to provide the nitrogen?

[3]

(c) Sodium azide, NaN3, reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to give sodium chloride and a
compound A.
Compound A contains 2.33 % hydrogen and 97.7% nitrogen by mass.

(i) What is the empirical formula for compound A?

(ii) Construct the equation for the reaction between sodium azide and dilute
hydrochloric acid.

...............................................................................................................................[3]

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A7 Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute nitric acid to give carbon dioxide.

The rate of reaction can be investigated by measuring the change in mass of a mixture of
calcium carbonate and nitric acid over a period of time. As carbon dioxide escapes, the
mixture loses mass.

The graph below shows the results obtained when a 3.0 g lump of calcium carbonate was
added to an excess of 1.0 mol/dm3 nitric acid.

mass of
calcium
carbonate
and acid/g

0 10 20
time/minutes

(a) Name the other products of the reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute nitric
acid.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Had the reaction between calcium carbonate and nitric acid finished after 20 minutes ?
Explain your answer.

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) The experiment was repeated using a 3.0 g lump of calcium carbonate but an excess of
2.0 mol/dm3 nitric acid.

Draw on the graph above, the curve you would expect. Label the curve X. [1]

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(d) Suggest why it is difficult to investigate the rate of reaction in this experiment using
powdered calcium carbonate instead of a lump.

......................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) Draw a labelled diagram to show another method of investigating the rate of reaction
between nitric acid and a lump of calcium carbonate.

[3]

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SECTION B

Answer three questions from this section. The total mark for this section is 30.

B8 Methane is a fuel. It completely burns to form carbon dioxide and water. When one mole of
methane is burned, 890 kJ of energy are released.

H H H
H C H + 2 O = O → O = C = O + 2 O

(a) Calculate the energy released when 0.32 g of methane is burned. [2]

(b) Use ideas of bond breaking and bond forming to explain why the reaction is exothermic.
[3]

(c) Name the products of the incomplete combustion of methane. [1]

(d) Draw the ‘dot and cross’ diagram to show all the electrons in a molecule of methane.
[2]

(e) Give either the names or the structural formulae of two products of the reaction
between chlorine and methane. [2]

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B9 Some information about four elements, W, X, Y and Z is shown in the table.

element W X Y Z
number of electrons
4 1 1 1
in outer shell
density in g/cm3 2.22 8.9 0.9 11.3
melting point in °C 3720 1083 64 328
atomic radius in pm 77 135 203 154
ions formed W 4+ X+ and X2+ Y+ Z2+ and Z4+
ZCl2 - a white
XCl - a white
formulae and WCl4 - a solid
solid YCl - a white
appearance of colourless ZCl4 - a
XCl2 - a green solid
chlorides liquid colourless
solid
liquid

(a) Y reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to give hydrogen. Construct the equation for this
reaction. [1]

(b) Which one of the elements is a transition element?

Give three pieces of evidence from the table to support your answer. [3]

(c) Copper and iron are transition elements.

(i) Describe the bonding in metals. [2]

(ii) Explain, in terms of metallic bonding, why copper and iron are good electrical
conductors and are malleable. [2]

(d) Compare the action of steam on copper and on iron. [2]

B10 Fats and oils are compounds formed by the reaction between carboxylic acids and an
alcohol. The general formula for a saturated carboxylic acid is CnH2n+1COOH.

(a) What type of compound are fats and oils? [1]

(b) A diet containing unsaturated fats is healthier than one containing only saturated fats.

(i) What is the meaning of the term unsaturated ?

(ii) Suggest a chemical test that could be used to show whether a fat is saturated or
unsaturated.
Name the reagent used and state the observations that would be made with the
unsaturated and the saturated fat.
(iii) Are fats made from stearic acid, C17H35COOH, or oleic acid, C17H33COOH, more
healthy in your diet? Explain your answer. [6]

(c) Describe how soaps are manufactured from fats. [2]

(d) Name a synthetic polymer that contains the same linkage as a fat. [1]

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B11 Diamond and silicon carbide are both macromolecules. Part of the structure of silicon
carbide is shown below.

Si
C C
C

(a) (i) State one difference between the structures of silicon carbide and diamond.
(ii) State one similarity between the structures of silicon carbide and diamond. [2]

(b) Suggest two physical properties of silicon carbide. [2]

(c) Silicon carbide is manufactured by the reduction of silicon dioxide with carbon.

SiO2 + 3C → 2CO + SiC

(i) State one source of silicon dioxide.

(ii) What mass of carbon is needed to make 20 tonnes of silicon carbide? [4]

(d) Silicones are polymers that contain the elements silicon, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen.

Suggest the names of three combustion products of a silicone polymer. [2]

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 DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Group
I II III IV V VI VII 0
1 4
H He
Hydrogen Helium
1 2

7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
12

85 88 89 91 93 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131

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Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
55 56 57 * 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

226 227

Fr Ra Ac
Francium Radium Actinium
87 88 89 †

140 141 144 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175
*58-71 Lanthanoid series
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
†90-103 Actinoid series Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
a a = relative atomic mass 232 238
Key X X = atomic symbol Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
b b = proton (atomic) number 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).