Drawing in Java

CS 141 Introduction to CS

Drawing in Java
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Drawing on a Picture

What if we want to draw something on a picture? How about drawing a grid of lines on top of the picture?

Drawing in Java
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Drawing Lines Exercise

Write a method drawGrid() to draw horizontal and vertical lines on the current picture
Lines every 20 pixels in x and y directions How would we do this?

Drawing in Java
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Drawing Other Shapes

How would you draw a circle on a picture? How would you draw a string of characters? You still would need to set the pixel colors of certain pixels
Which pixels?

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The java.awt.Graphics Class

Java has a way of doing these things
Using a Graphics object
It knows how to draw and fill simple shapes and images

You can draw on a picture object

By getting the graphics object from it

pictureObj.getGraphics(); for example Picture pict = new Picture(); Graphics g = pict.getGraphics();
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Drawing Circles and Ellipses

g.drawOval(x, y, width,height) g.fillOval(x, y, width, height) Give the x and y of the upper left corner of the enclosing rectangle
Not a point on the circle or ellipse

x,y

height

Give the width and height of the enclosing rectangle

To make a circle use the same value for the width and height

width

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Draw Circle Exercise

Write a method to add a yellow sun to a picture
Test with beach.jpg
String file = FileChooser.getMediaPath(beach.jpg); Picture p = new Picture(file); p.drawSun(); p.show();

Save the new image with p.write(fileName);

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Drawing Lines and Polygons

Line
g.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
x1,y1 x2,y2

Polygon
Outlined Polygon
g.drawPolygon(xArray, yArray, numPoints); g.drawPolygon(currPolygon);

Filled Polygon
g.fillPolygon(xArray, yArray, numPoints); g.fillPolygon(currPolygon);

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Drawing Lines

g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);

x1,y1 x2,y2

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Drawing Arcs
Arcs
Outlined Arc
g.drawArc(topLeftX, topLeftY, width, height, startAngle, arcAngle);

Filled Arc
g.fillArc((topLeftX, topLeftY, width, height, startAngle, arcAngle);

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Drawing Rectangles
Outlined Rectangle
g.drawRect(topLeftX, topLeftY, width, height);

Filled Rectangle
g.fillRect(topLeftX,topLeftY,width,height);

Outlined Rounded Rectangle

g.drawRoundRect (topLeftX,topLeftY,width,height,arcWidth,arcHeight);

Filled Rounded Rectangle

g.fillRoundRect (topLeftX,topLeftY,width,height,arcWidth,arcHeight);
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Draw a Picture Exercise

Create a method that will draw a simple picture
Use at least one rectangle Use at least one polygon how to draw the polygon? Use at least one oval Use at least one arc

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Writing a Picture out to a file

The Picture class has a built-in method to do this
pict.write(filename.jpg); but pict.write(C:\\Documents\\filename.jpg); or both work better.

pict.write(/Users/jfdooley/Desktop/filename.jpg);

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Precision Drawings
How would you draw a stack of filled rectangles starting from the lightest one at the bottom right and the darkest one at the top left.
With 10 pixels between each Not easy with drawing packages

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Draw outlines of Rectangles

or any other figure Whats too restrictive about drawFilledRectangles()? all rectangles start at (0, 0)
limited to 25 rectangles

So lets create
drawRectangles(int x, int y, int number);

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Working with Fonts

Create a font object with the font name, style, and point size (Font class is in java.awt)
Font labelFont = new Font(TimesRoman, Font.BOLD, 24); Font normalFont = new Font(Helvetica,Font.PLAIN, 12);

Set the current font

g.setFont(labelFont);

Get font information

g.getStyle() g.getSize() g.getName() g.getFamily()

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Working with Strings

To draw a string
g.drawString(String to Draw, leftX, baselineY); in this case (leftX, baselineY) is the lower left-hand corner of the text (go figure)

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