VENUS

Second planet from sun. named after the roman goddess of love and beuty. Venus is sometimes called the sister planet of the earth beacuse of its similar size,gravity and bulk composition. consist of 96% carbon dioxide. hottest planet in the Solar System. It has no carbon cycle to lock carbon back into rocks and surface features. Venus' surface is a dry desertscape interspersed with slab-like rocks and periodically refreshed by volcanism. Venus is always brighter than any star outside our solar system.

EARTH

Also known as our home planet. Earth formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within its first billion years. largest of our 4 teresstrial planets. During one orbit around the Sun, the Earth rotates about its own axis 366.26 times, creating 365.26 solar days, or one sidereal year. Earth's atmosphere and oceans formed by volcanic activity and outgassing that included water vapor. About 71% of the surface is covered by salt water oceans, with the remainder consisting of continents and islands which together have many lakes and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere.

MOON

is Earth's only natural satellite.

the Earth's Neighboor. diameter about one quarter of earth. It is the largest moon in the Solar System relative to the size of its planet. Due to the moon and earth's tidal interaction, the Moon recedes from Earth at the rate of approximately 38 mm a year.

JUPITER

Largest planet in the solar system with a diameter of 142,984 km (88,846 mi) at its equator. It is a gas giant with mass one-thousandth of that of the Sun but is two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in the Solar System combined. Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen with a quarter of its mass being helium, although helium only comprises about a tenth of the number of molecules. Jupiter has been explored on several occasions by robotic spacecraft, most notably during the early Pioneer and Voyager flyby missions and later by the Galileo orbiter. Jupiter is perpetually covered with clouds composed of ammonia crystals and possibly ammonium hydrosulfide. The best known feature of Jupiter is the Great Red Spot, a persistent anticyclonic storm that is larger than Earth, located 22 south of the equator.

SATURN

Saturn is a gas giant with an average radius about nine times that of Earth. Saturn's interior is probably composed of a core of iron, nickel and rock (silicon and oxygen compounds), surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen, an intermediate layer of liquid hydrogen and liquid

helium and an outer gaseous layer.

Saturn has a prominent ring system that consists of nine continuous main rings and three discontinuous arcs, composed mostly of ice particles with a smaller amount of rocky debris and dust. Saturn has at least 150 moons and moonlets, 53 of which have formal names. The rings extend from 6,630 km to 120,700 km above Saturn's equator, average approximately 20 meters in thickness and are composed of 93% water ice with traces of tholin impurities and 7% amorphous carbon. Saturn's atmosphere exhibits a banded pattern similar to Jupiter's, but Saturn's bands are much fainter and are much wider near the equator.

URANUS

Uranus is similar in composition to Neptune, and both are of different chemical composition than the larger gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. Uranus's atmosphere, although similar to Jupiter's and Saturn's in its primary composition of hydrogen and helium, contains more "ices" such as water, ammonia, and methane, along with traces of hydrocarbons. Uranus revolves around the Sun once every 84 Earth years. Uranus has an axial tilt of 97.77 degrees, so its axis of rotation is approximately parallel with the plane of the Solar System. Humor: Uranus is frequently a subject of crude humor due to the colloquial pronunciation of its name as "your-anus". However, these jokes do not reflect the pronunciation preferred by astronomers, which is "you-ranus", with stress on the first syllable.xD

NEPTUNE

Among the gaseous planets in the solar system, Neptune is the most dense. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 times the mass of Earth but not as dense.

At high altitudes, Neptune's atmosphere is 80% hydrogen and 19% helium. Neptune has a planetary ring system, though one much less substantial than that of Saturn. The rings may consist of ice particles coated with silicates or carbon-based material, which most likely gives them a reddish hue. Neptune's more varied weather when compared to Uranus is believed to be due in part to its higher internal heating. Neptune's orbit has a profound impact on the region directly beyond it, known as the Kuiper belt. The Kuiper belt is a ring of small icy worlds, similar to the asteroid belt but far larger, extending from Neptune's orbit at 30 AU out to about 55 AU from the Sun.

MARS

it is often described as the "Red Planet" because the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth. Mars can easily be seen from Earth with the naked eye, as can its reddish coloring. Like Earth, this planet has undergone differentiation, resulting in a dense, metallic core region overlaid by less dense materials. Mars is a terrestrial planet that consists of minerals containing silicon and oxygen, metals, and other elements that typically make up rock. Liquid water cannot exist on the surface of Mars due to low atmospheric pressure, except at the lowest elevations for short periods.

MERCURY

Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun of the eight planets in the Solar System,with an orbital period of about 88 Earth days.

Seen from the Earth, it appears to move around its orbit in about 116 days, which is much faster than any other planet. Mercury makes three rotations about its axis for every two revolutions around its orbit, as seen relative to the fixed stars. Mercury does not experience seasons in the same way as most other planets, such as the Earth. it moves around its orbit in about 116 days,which is more faster than other planets Because it has almost no atmosphere to retain heat, Mercury's surface experiences the greatest temperature variation of all the planets, ranging from 100 K (173 C; 280 F) at night to 700 K (427 C; 800 F) during the day at some equatorial regions.

SUN

Is the star in the center of our solar system. It is almost perfectly spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields. The core of the Sun is considered to extend from the center to about 2025% of the solar radius. Like other natural phenomena, the Sun has been an object of veneration in many cultures throughout human history. Humanity's most fundamental understanding of the Sun is as the luminous disk in the sky, whose presence above the horizon creates day and whose absence causes night. The brightness of the sun can cause pain from looking at it with the naked eye; however, doing so for brief periods is not hazardous for normal non-dilated eyes.Viewing the Sun through light-concentrating optics such as binoculars may result in permanent damage to the retina without an appropriate filter that blocks UV and substantially dims the sunlight. Sunlight is Earth's primary source of energy. The only other source of energy the Earth has are the fissionable materials generated by the cataclysmic death of another star. These fissionable materials trapped

in the Earth's crust is what gives rise to geothermal energy, which drives the volcanism on Earth while also making it possible for mankind to fuel nuclear reactors.