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Selected papers of Mechanical, Civil and Chemical engineering Tracks of 4th Nirma University International Conference on Engineering, 2013
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Abstract Click here and insert your abstract text. 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India.
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1.1. Thermal Analysis To find out the amount of steam which is generated during the heating process, it is necessary to find out the amount of heat utilized by the water. Experiments are conducted on different quantities of water. Readings of initial and final temperature of water are taken after an interval of five minutes and time required for complete evaporation is measured. The time required for complete evaporation of water is also measured. The heat utilized, Qu is calculated as,
Q= m Cp dT Time
(1)
1877-7058 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India.
Where, Qabs is the heat absorbed in watts, m is mass of water in kg/sec. dT is temperature difference between initial and final water tank temperature which is 25oC
790 = m 4187 25
m= 0.007547 kg/sec m= 27.14 kg/hr System takes almost 6 hours and 30 minutes to evaporate 8kg of water. Hence 175 liters of water is required for condensation of 8kg of water.The amount of heat transferred to through copper tube is calculated as,
Q = U A Tm
(2)
Where, U is overall heat transfer coefficient, whose value ranges from 1000 W/m2K to 5000W/m2K . Lowest value of U is considered for calculating the area. Tm is the log mean temperature difference which is given by the formula,
TVm =
(3)
Where, Thi is the inlet temperature of steam, Tho is the outlet temperature of steam, Tci is the initial temperature of water, Tco is the final temperature of water. As the water temperature increases in every hour, so T m is also calculated for each hour.
Reason
Fig. 1. (a) 120 liter of tank; (b) Heat losses from the tank.
Fig. shows the heat losses, Where, Q1= Qc+QR Qc = Heat losses by convection. QR= heat losses by Radiation Heat losses due to convection from 0.32x0.5 wall i.e. Q1
QC = h A V T
A= Surface Area
QR = A (T 14 T 2 4 )
QR = 10.69 Watt
Q1 = QC + QR
QC = h A V T
A= Surface Area = 0.75 0.32 = 0.24 = 0.24 2 = 0.48
QR = A (T 14 T 2 4 )
QR = 16.04 Watt
Q 2 = QC + QR
Qc = h A V T
A= Surface Area = 0.75 0.5 = 0.375
QR = A (T 14 T 2 4 )
Q liquid =
Q liquid =
QTotal = 45.25+67.88+133.79+515.32
Q=
1.3. CFD Analysis Cfd analysis of 120 liter of tank is carried out with the help of Ansys Fluent. For CFD analysis a tank is generated of required size. Meshing of tank and tube is done the maximum number of nodes are up to 500000 with skewness is less than 0.9.