MaterialsandMaterialProperties UnderstandingFailureCriteriaLecture UnderstandingFailureCriteria.

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Understanding Failure Criteria

Failure criteria can be specified for Mechanica materials.
Material Failure

Available Criteria o Isotropic: Modified Mohr, Tresca, von Mises o Transversely Isotropic:Tsai-Wu, Maximum Stress, Maximum Strain Results: Failure Index

Tresca & von Mises Failure Criter

Failure Index: Default Legend

Failure Index: Legend Max = 1

 LectureNotes

Available Criteria When using Isotropic or Transversely Isotropic material, Mechanica enables the specification of failure criteria. Simply stated, failure criteria defines when a material will fail due to static loading. Depending on the material type, the following failure criteria are available in Mechanica:

Isotropic o Modified Mohr: Useful for materials that behave significantly different in compression than in tension. o Maximum Shear Stress (Tresca) & Distortion Energy (von Mises): Both behave quite similarly, with Maximium Shear Stress returning more conservative (failure occurs at lower stresses) than Distortion Energy. A plot of these two similar criteria is shown for two dimensional stress. For Transversely Isotropic o Tsai-Wu: Useful for laminates o Maximum Stress and Maximum Strain

Failure Index Results When an analysis is run on a component that has a specified failure criteria, the Failure Index is available as a result quantity. Material that has exactly met the failure criteria has a value of one; thus a value higher than one indicates how much the failure index has been exceeded. It is often useful to edit the legend's maximum value for Failure Index fringe plots to a value of one. If default colors are used, making this

legend change enables simple identification of the area where the Failure Index has been exceeded: they will appear as red on the fringe plot. An example of a Failure Index fringe plot with the unedited legend is shown on the lower left of this slide. The figure on the lower right side of this slide has had its maximum legend value set to 1. As such, all of the areas shown in red are exceeding the failure criteria on this figure. Best Practices

Set the maximum legend value to 1 when viewing Failure Index results so all areas exceeding the failure criteria display in a single color. Be cautious when using Failure Index resultsrecall that they apply to statically loaded members. Members exposed to cyclic stress will typically fail due to fatigue at much lower stress values.