PROFIBUS:

PROFIBUS (Process Field Bus) is a standard forfield bus communication in automation technology PROFIBUS is an international fieldbus communications standard for linking process control and plant automation modules. Instead of running individual cables from a main controller to each sensor and actuator, a single multi-drop cable (or other communications link eg fibre or wireless) is used to connect all devices, with high speed, bi-directional, serial messaging used for transfers of information. This arrangement can offer huge savings on cabling costs, when compared with older methods, particularly for large sites. It allows simple linking of devices from many different vendors and, with care, can reduce installation, commissioning, fault-finding. Due to the use of serial messaging for transfer of sensor information to a controller and return of any required actuator commands over one common bus link, special tools are necessary to view what is happening on this vital communications artery. Note that the RS 485 standard allows connection of only 32 devices; larger networks may be built by adding more, electrically isolated, segments using repeaters or hubs. RS-232 is the most common serial interface and used as a standard component on most Windows-compatible desktop computers. RS-232 only allows for one transmitter and one receiver on each line. RS-232 also uses a Full-Duplex transmission method. Some RS-232 boards sold by National Instruments support baud rates up to 1 Mbit/s, but most devices are limited to 115.2 kbits/s. Note that RS-422/RS-485 interface is not available on most IBM PCs. RS-422 (EIA RS-422-A Standard) is the serial connection used on Apple computers. It provides a mechanism for transmitting data up to 10 Mbits/s. RS-422 sends each signal using two wires to increase the maximum baud rate and cable length. RS-422 is also specified for multi-drop applications where only one transmitter is connected to, and transmits on, a bus of up to 10 receivers. RS-485 is a superset of RS-422 and expands on the capabilities. RS-485 was made to address the multi-drop limitation of RS-422, allowing up to 32 devices to communicate through the same data line. Any of the slave devices on an RS-485 bus can communicate with any other 32 slave devices without going through a master device. Since RS-422 is a subset of RS-485, all RS-422 devices may be controlled by RS-485. Both protocols have multidrop capability, but RS-485 allows up to 32 devices and RS-422 has a limit of 10. For both communication protocols, you should provide your own termination. All National Instruments RS-485 boards will work with RS-422 standards.

Specifications Mode of Operation

RS-232 Single-Ended

RS-422 RS-485 Differential Differential 1 Driver 10 Receiver 4000 ft 32 Drivers 32 Receivers 4000 ft 10 Mbit/s

Total Number of Drivers and Receivers on One Line. One 1 Driver driver active at a time for RS-485 1 Receiver networks Maximum Cable Length Maximum Data Rate (40 ft 4000 ft for RS-422/RS-485) 50 ft (2500 pF)

160 kbits/s (can be up to 10 Mbit/s 1Mbit/s)

S7-200 CPU The S7-200 CPU combines a microprocessor, an integrated power supply, input circuits, and output circuits in a compact housing to create a powerful Micro PLC. After you have downloaded your program, the S7-200 contains the logic required to monitor and control the input and output devices in your application. CPU 221: Digital ios: 6 input/ 4output. No analog Io, no expansion. CPU 222: Digital ios: 8 input/ 6output. No analog Io, expandable upto two modules. CPU 224: Digital ios: 14input/ 10output. No analog Io, expandable upto 7 modules. CPU 224 XP/ 224 Psi: Digital ios: 14 inputs/ 10 output. Analog ios: 2 input/ 1output, expandable to 7 modules. CPU 226: Digital ios: 24 input/ 16output. No analog Io, expandable to 7 modules.

Technical Specifications of the CPU 312 IFM

Technical Specifications of the Digital Inputs of the CPU 312IFM Digital inputs: 8 Digital outputs: 6
S7-200 The S7-200 is referred to as a micro PLC because of its small size. The S7-200 has a brick design which means that the power supply and I/O are on-board. The S7-200 can be used on smaller, stand-alone applications such as elevators, car washes, or mixing machines. It can also be used on more complex industrial applications such as bottling and packaging machines. S7-300 The S7-300 is used in more complex applications that support a greater number of I/O points. S7300 is modular and expandable. The power supply and I/O consist of separate modules connected to the CPU. It is chosen often by the industries that have future expansion plans.