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We breathe by drawing air into our lungs (inhaling) and letting it out
again (exhaling).
Every time we breathe, a fresh supply of air makes contact with the
lung with tissue which contains blood. In the lung, blood and air exchange
some of the gases they contain.
The lungs fill both sides of the chest. The lung tissue is like a sponge in
some ways. The spaces, or air sacs, are pockets where the air is received.
The gases which are needed are taken in, and the unwanted gases are
forced out. The air sacs are separated from each other by very thin walls
filled with very fine blood vessels calles capillaries. Only a few cells
separate the blood from the air, so gases can easily through these thin
walls.
The lungs are elastic, which means they can strech. When we breathe
in, the chest gets bigger and the lungs expand with it. Then airrushes in
through the nose, mouth and throat to the air sacs of the lungs. When we
breathe out, the space inside the chest becomes smaller. The lungs partly
close and the air is forced out again.
How much air can the lungs hold? The lungs of an adult man can
probably hold about seven pints of air; those of woman, about five pints.
The lungs are never empty, even when you try hard to force the air out.
The amount of air remaining after exhaling with great force is called
“residual air”. When we inhale we mix fresh air with this residual air.
d we breath out
c we are asleep
7. “….so gases can pass easily through these thin walls”. The
underlined phrase refers to ……
8. “When we breathe in, the chest gets bigger and the lungs
expand with it.”
a partly close
b become larger
c are elastic
d become smaller