PRTPRA4/101/0/2013

Tutorial letter 101/0/2013

Protection Technology IV (Practical)

PRTPRA4
Year Module
Department of Electrical and Mining
Engineering

IMPORTANT INFORMATION:
This tutorial letter contains important information
about your module.

CONTENTS
Page
1

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 3

PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE ............................................................... 3

2.1

Purpose .......................................................................................................................................... 3

2.2

Outcomes ....................................................................................................................................... 3

LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS .................................................................................... 3

3.1

Lecturer(s) ...................................................................................................................................... 3

3.2

Department ..................................................................................................................................... 3

3.3

University ........................................................................................................................................ 4

MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES .............................................................................................. 4

4.1

Prescribed books ............................................................................................................................ 4

4.2

Recommended books ..................................................................................................................... 4

4.3

Electronic Reserves (e-Reserves) .................................................................................................. 4

STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES FOR THE MODULE ................................................................ 4

MODULE-SPECIFIC STUDY PLAN............................................................................................... 4

MODULE PRACTICAL WORK AND WORK-INTEGRATED LEARNING ..................................... 4

ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................... 4

8.1

Assessment plan ............................................................................................................................ 4

8.2

General assignment numbers ......................................................................................................... 5

8.2.1 Unique assignment numbers .......................................................................................................... 5

8.2.2 Due dates for assignments ............................................................................................................. 5
8.3

Submission of assignments ............................................................................................................ 5

8.4

Assignments ................................................................................................................................... 7

OTHER ASSESSMENT METHODS............................................................................................. 12

10

EXAMINATION ............................................................................................................................. 12

11

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .......................................................................................... 12

12

SOURCES CONSULTED ............................................................................................................. 12

13

CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................. 12

14

ADDENDUM ................................................................................................................................. 12

PRTPRA4/101

INTRODUCTION

Dear Student
Welcome to the subject Protection Technology IV (Practical) (PRTPRA4) at UNISA. This
tutorial letter serves as a guideline to this subject. It provides you with general administrative
information as well as specific information about the subject. Read it carefully and keep it safe
for future reference. We trust that you will enjoy this course.

PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE

2.1

Purpose

The purpose of this subject is for the student to apply the first principles of Protection
Technology to calculate the Zbus using different models, calculations and theorems in a practical
exercise.

2.2

Outcomes

The successful application of a fault current study where the fault current for all possible faults
(three and single phase) are calculated on all the buses of a given network.

LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS

3.1

Lecturer(s)

Your Lecturer for Protection Technology IV is Mr E Naude. He can be contacted at the following
number for any theoretical questions:
Tel nr : 0828067717
e-mail: enaude@gmail.co.za
Contact Times: Mondays to Fridays
18h00 20h00
3.2

Department

Department of Electrical and Mining Engineering:

electrical&mining@unisa.ac.za

3.3

University

If you need to contact the University about matters not related to the content of this module,
please consult the publication My studies @ Unisa that you received with your study material.
This brochure contains information on how to contact the University (e.g. to whom you can write
for different queries, important telephone and fax numbers, addresses and details of the times
certain facilities are open).Always have your student number at hand when you contact the
University.

MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES

4.1

Prescribed books

The same as for the theoretical part of the subject.

4.2

Recommended books

There are no recommended books for this module.

4.3

Electronic Reserves (e-Reserves)

There are no electronic reserves for this module.

STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES FOR THE MODULE

Important information appears in your my Studies @ Unisa brochure.

MODULE-SPECIFIC STUDY PLAN

Use your my Studies @ Unisa brochure for general time management and planning skills.

MODULE PRACTICAL WORK AND WORK-INTEGRATED LEARNING

This module covers the practical part.

ASSESSMENT

8.1

Assessment plan

The assignments are as follows:

Assignment 1:

Assignment 2:

Registration Form for PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY IV

(Annexure A)
Send in your portfolio.

PRTPRA4/101
Submission of both assignments is compulsory.
The final mark is based on all the assignment marks obtained and their contribution
towards the final mark are as shown in the table below:
ASSIGNMENT NUMBER
1 (Compulsory)
2 (Compulsory)
TOTALS

CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS FINAL SUBJELE

MARK
10 %
90%
= 100 %

Submission of Assignment 1 allows you complete a practical assignment, which is the

examination for this subject.
Ensure that you understand this principle. Failure to submit Assignment 1 by the due date, will
result in you being barred from handing in a practical assignment and you will have to reregister
for this subject. If in doubt, contact your lecturer before the submission date!!!!
8.2

General assignment numbers

Assignments are numbered consecutively per module, starting from 01.

8.2.1 Unique assignment numbers

Assignment 1:
(Compulsory)
Portfolio:
(Compulsory)

742596
879483

8.2.2 Due dates for assignments

THE CUT-OFF SUBMISSION DATES FOR THE ASSIGNMENTS ARE :

8.3

Assignment 1 (Annexure ARegistration form) (Compulsory)

16 April 2013

Assignment 2 Results of experiments

Portfolio(Compulsory)

1 October 2013

Submission of assignments
A practical assignment must be submitted. The practical experiments, which much be
completed, is included in this tutorial letter. A mentor must be chosen and the mentor
form must accompany the assignment when it is sent in. (See ANNEXURE B)
For detailed information and requirements as far as assignments are concerned, see the
brochure my Studies @ Unisa that you received with your study material.
5

To submit an assignment via myUnisa:

Go to myUnisa.

Log in with your student number and password.

Select the module.

Click on assignments in the menu on the left-hand side of the screen.

Click on the assignment number you wish to submit.

Follow the instructions.

PRTPRA4/101
8.4

Assignments
ANNEXURE A ASSIGNMENT 1

REGISTRATION FORM FOR PROTECTION TECHNOLOGYS IV

PRACTICAL - COMPLETION OF PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT
2013
PLEASE COMPLETE IN CLEAR BLOCK LETTERS & SEND IN AS A
NORMAL ASSIGNMENT

FROM
Surname/Initials

STUDENT NUMBER

POSTAL ADDRESS

POSTAL CODE

TEL NO (WORK)

TEL NO (HOME)

MOBILE

e-mail

..SIGNATURE OF LEARNER

DATE: .

ASSIGNMENT 2
Practical Assignment

1.1

INTRODUCTION

As this is a very theoretical subject consisting only of calculations, it is very difficult to do

practical experiments. The most useful practical assignment will be to undertake a complete
fault-study on a typical small power system. This can be done by using any available software
program that will perform this study on a computer. I am sure that very few students have
access to such a program and it will therefore be required that you do the fault study by doing
all the calculations by hand.
What is a fault study?
A fault study is an exercise where the fault currents for all possible faults (three-phase, singlephase to earth, phase to phase and phase to phase to earth), are calculated on all the buses.

1.2 PROCEDURE
Draw the positive-, negative- and zero-sequence diagrams for the network and then
do the following:
Determine Zbus(pos), Zbus(neg) and Zbus(zero).
Calculate the fault-currents on all the buses for all types of faults.

1.3

GENERAL

(Use the example in the textbook for reference)

Marks will not be allocated for correct answers. The following will be used as
guidelines for mark allocation:

Correctness of sequence-diagrams (20%)

Correct method used to determine Z-buses (10%)

Correct method used to determine fault-currents (10%)

Completeness of the exercise (60%)

PRTPRA4/101
1.4

FAULT STUDY

Do a fault study on the power system shown in Figure 1.

1
G1

T3

G3

T1
T4

G4

2
T2

G2

Figure 1
G1: 1 000 MVA

15 kV

Xd = X2 = 0,18p.u

X0 = 0,07p.u

G2: 1 000 MVA

15 kV

Xd = X2 = 0,2p.u

X0 = 0,1p.u

G3: 500 MVA

13,8 kV

Xd = X2 = 0,15p.u

X0 = 0,05p.u

G4: 750 MVA

13,8 kV

Xd = 0,3p.u

X2 = 0,4p.u
X0 = 0,1p.u

T1: YNd11

1 000 MVA

765/15 kV

X = 0,1p.u

T2: YNd11

1 000 MVA

765/15 kV

X = 0,1p.u

T3: YNy0

500 MVA

765/15 kV

T4: YNyn0

750 MVA

L1-2: X1 = 50

X0 = 150

L1-3: X1 = 40

X0 = 100

L3-2: X1 = 40

X0 = 100

765/15 kV

X = 0,12p.u
X = 0,11p.u

Use Sb = 1 000 MVA and the pre-fault voltage on the transmission lines of 765 kV.

ANNEXURE B
1.

POLICY FOR PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENTS

a.

All experiments have to be performed.

b.

In order to receive a pass mark, the student need to receive a sub-minimum of 50%.

c.

All students must have their own practical guide and components.

d.

Every student must do his own practical, however students are allowed to receive help in a constructive
manner.

e.

Practical experiments must be built by the student himself and the relevant answers supplied on the
respective answer sheet for that experiment.

f.

Use standard symbols and notation, as used in the theoretical notes and practical guide, on the answer
sheet.

g.

Where applicable, the construction of your practical assignment will be evaluated on the following criteria:
i) neatness;
ii) correct layout of components;
iii) correct wiring techniques;
iv) correct operation of circuit;
v) student's knowledge of the circuit; and
vi) insight into the practical work.

h.

All the experiments need to be certified by the student's mentor (see the form attached), as the student's
own work. Refer to paragraph 3 for the very important information regarding the appointment of your
mentor.

i.

Students need to take every safety precaution (especially where the experiment involves 220-V and 380-V
alternating current). UNISA cannot be held responsible for any damage to equipment or harm to any
person. In cases where the student is in doubt about any safety aspect, contact Unisa for assistance.

2.

INTERACTION WITH THEORETICAL WORK

You are advised to conduct the experiments only after the relevant theory has been covered.

3.

APPOINTMENT OF MENTOR
Your mentor plays a very important role in the successful completion of your assignment. The functions of your
mentor are the following:
(a) help you in a constructive manner and
(b) verify that it is your own work.
Your mentor should thus be appointed in order to fulfill the above mentioned task.
Your mentor must preferably be professionally registered with ECSA (Engineering Counsel of South
Africa) for us to accredit his authorisation of your work. If the person acting as your mentor is not registered
with ECSA, then someone who is professionally registered with ECSA, should also authorise your assignment.
The mentor must supply his particulars as requested on the authorisation form attached to each experiment,
for us to accept his authorisation.

10

PRTPRA4/101

UNISA, Programme Group Engineering,

SUBMIT THIS FORM WITH THE RESULTS OF YOUR PRACTICAL

EXPERIMENTS

Protection Technology IVII - PRACTICAL

Mentor Appointment
Student number: ................................................
Student name: ....................................................
Employer: ..........................................................

Particulars of mentor:

Name: ...........................................
Address: ........................................
.........................................
.........................................
.........................................

Employer: .........................................................
Telephone number:.............................................. (W)
............................................... (H)

Qualifications:.....................................................................................
Capacity at work:................................................................................

11

OTHER ASSESSMENT METHODS

None

10

EXAMINATION

Use your my Studies @ Unisa brochure for general examination guidelines and examination
preparation guidelines.

11

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

The my Studies @ Unisa brochure contains an A-Z guide of the most relevant study
information.

12

SOURCES CONSULTED

None

13

CONCLUSION

Please ensure that you have all the tutorial letters and prescribed book available before starting
with your studies.

14
None

12

ADDENDUM