Chapter 9 Exercises

Both exercises 1 and 2 use data contained in spreadsheet D-Decline.xls, available online in the Software folder.

D9.1. Decline sensitivities. Using the data provided (tab 1.Data and Calcs), compute the requested decline curves and predict recovery and net present value.

a) View of spreadsheet. 265

Decline curves

Cumulative (left) and PV (right) b) What is the most you would pay for each of the three options (stimulate, pump, or pump and stimulate)? Simply the PV. c) Is the benet of running a pump and stimulating equal to the sum of the separate benets? Does this make sense? Explain. No, the effect of doing both is greater than the individual effects. It makes sense: the benet of the pump increases if the skin is lower, and vice versa.

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D9.2. Numerical decline curves. Compute the requested rates and times, preparing decline curves for the exponential and Vogel cases (data and template, tab 2.Data and Calcs). Compare and comment.

The effect is not large for the parameters examined, but we do see an initial decline because of decreased productivity for the Vogel case. The curve then goes concave up because a = J/S , and J decreases with time.

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D9.3. Advanced modeling. Briey discuss: a) How you could generate a set of decline curves using a numerical simulator. Its very simple: just assign the appropriate properties. You can include a lift curve (see next chapter) if desired. The model could be one, two, or three dimensions. Then just run the simulator with the appropriate ptf , pwf , of q constraint (and record a pressure decline curve). You could create a family of curves with different assumptions (like s). b) Potential benets of creating such sets of decline curves. You can have different assumptions about the form of J , and relax assumptions about compressibility, relative permeability, etc. If you use a small, efcient model, you could even tweak it to match behavior. Theres a good chance this model will be more predictive than a purely empirical decline curve.

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Chapter 10 Exercises
Both exercises 1 and 2 use data contained in spreadsheet D-Decline.xls, available online in the Software folder. D10.1. Integrating IPR, TPR, and material balance. The gas contract for a recently completed gas well stipulates that the pipeline company will take exactly 10 MMscf/day for as long as we can deliver it. Using the same properties already presented, modify the spreadsheet ipr-tpr-matbal.xls or use other methods the predict the values of ptf needed to exactly meet this target. Report the needed ptf at regular increments in time. The data table should look something like this. Ive adjusted the pressures to get within 1 percent of the target, and the nal ptf is atmospheric, at around 1600 days.

The specied rate target is met to good tolerances by slowly lowering the owing tubing pressure to atmospheric. We cannot produce at 10MMscf/day beyond 1600 days.

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