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CHEMISTRY REPORT (The effect of concentration on the rate of reaction) AIM PROBLEM STATEMENT HYPOTHESIS To investigate the effect

of concentration on the rate of reaction Does the concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), Na SO solution affect the rate of its reaction with dilute sulphuric acid, HSO ? Decreasing the concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution will slow down the rate of reaction. MANIPULATED VARIABLE : Concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution RESPONDING VARIABLE : The rate of reaction FIXED VARIABLES : Total volume of diluted sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution; volume and concentration of dilute sulphuric acid, HSO; temperature of reaction mixture 100 cm conical flask; 50 cm and 5 cm measuring cylinder; stop watch 0.2 mol dm sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution; 1 mol dm dilute sulphuric acid, HSO; distilled water

VARIABLES

APPARATUS MATERIALS

PROCEDURE

1. Draw an about 2 cm by 2 cm in the centre of a piece of white paper. 2. Measure out 50 cm of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution and pour it into the conical flask. 3. Place the conical flask on the . 4. Measure out 5 cm of dilute sulphuric acid, HSO. 5. Pour the acid into the conical flask. Swirl the conical flask to mix the contents. At

the same time, start the stop watch. 6. Observe the

as shown in Figure 1.2.

7. Stop the stop watch when the is no longer visible. 8. Record the time. 9. Repeat steps 2 to 8 but use different volumes of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution diluted with distilled water. The volumes are shown in Table 1.3. RESULTS Experiment No. Volume of dilute sulphuric acid, HSO (cm) Volume of 0.2 mol dm sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution, V (cm) Volume of distilled water (cm) Toltal volume of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution that reacts, V (cm) Concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution that reacts, (mol dm) Time taken, t(s) (s) Table 1.3 1 2 3 4 5

ANALYSIS

1. Sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution reacts with dilute sulphuric acid, HSO to slowly form a yellow precipitate of sulphur. NaSO (aq) + HSO (aq) NaSO + HO (l) + SO (g) + S (s) 2. From graph (a), it can be deduced that a) It takes a longer time to form the sulphur precipitate if the concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution is low. b) It takes a shorter time to form the sulphur precipitate when the concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution is high. 3. From graph (b), it can be deduced that a) The rate of reaction is high when the concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution is high. b) The rate of reaction is low when the concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution is low. c) Concentration of sodium thiosulphate (VI), NaSO solution is proportional to 1/time or rate of reaction. 4. The hypothesis is accepted.

CONCLUSION The rate of reaction will increase if the concentration of the reactant increases.

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