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SECRETSECTION01OF03PANAMA000823 SIPDIS DEPARTMENTFORWHA/CEN/BRIGHAM DEPARTMENTPLEASEPASSTOUSAIDADOLFOFRANCO(AA/LAC), STEVEHENDRIX(LAC/RSD),ANDROBERTKHAN(LAC/CEN) E.O.12958:DECL:04/05/2009 TAGS:PARM,PREL,KCOR,PTER,KJUS,PM,NI,CO,GA,POLITICS&FOREIGNPOLICY SUBJECT:PANAMANIANSUPREMECOURTTHROWSOUTCHARGES AGAINSTISRAELIARMSSMUGGLER REF:A.02PANAMA2820 B.02PANAMA1518 C.03PANAMA2451 D.03PANAMA3294 E.PANAMA0730 ClassifiedBy:Charged'AffairesChristopherJ.McMullenforreasons1.

easons1. 4(b)&(d) SUMMARY:ArmsTraffickerWalks 1.(C)Citing"lackofjurisdiction,"byan81vote, Panama'sSupremeCourthasterminatedPublicMinistry investigationsofallchargesagainstIsraelinationalShimon YalinYelinek,currentlyresidinginPanama,forhisalleged roleinsmugglingNicaraguanmilitaryweaponstothe paramilitaryUnitedDefenseForcesofColombia(AUC).More thanonesourcehasallegedthatalleightjusticeswhovoted forthedecisionreceivedbribes.WiththeSupremeCourt's action,announcedinprintandtelevisionmediaduringthe weekofMarch29,therearenootherchargespendingagainst YelinekinPanamaoranyothercountry,includingtheUnited States.(NOTE:YelinekisthesubjectofanongoingDEA moneylaunderinginvestigation.ENDNOTE.)Nicaraguan authoritieshavenotbroughtchargesagainstYelinekorany Otterloodefendants,whileColombianauthoritieshavecharged twoOtterloodefendants,butnotYelinek,GOPsourcestold EmbOffs.Embassyisassessingappropriateresponsestothe Court'slatestquestionabledecision,whichhasbroughtthis institutiontoanewlowintermsofcredibility.END SUMMARY.

Thelonedissentingopinion 2.(C)TheSupremeCourt'sdecisionthatPanamanianCourts havenojurisdictionintheOtterloocasesurprisedmany observers,giventhefactthatthedefendantshadbeen chargedwithfalsifyingPanamanianNationalPolicedocuments andusingaPanamanianflaggedvessel,ownedbyacompany headquarteredinPanama.LonedissentingSupremeCourt JusticeAdanArnulfoArjona(pleaseprotect)toldAID DirectoronApril1thatthemajorityruledonissueshe believesshouldhavebeenlefttolowercourts. 3.(C)Arjonalamentedthatsincetakingleadershipofthe CourtinJanuary2004,SupremeCourtPresidentCesarPereira BurgosismakingtheCourt'sdecisionsandoperationsmore andmoreopaque,restrictingpublicaccesstoCourtopinions anddoingawaywithinternetpublicationofrulings,the latteranAIDfundedinitiativetheCourttookunderArjona. ArjonacriticizedPereiraforhavingruleddifferentlyontwo nearlyidenticalcases.AnApril4LaPrensaarticlecites thesametwocases,andchidestheCourtforlackof consistency,comparingCourtdecisionmakingtoachild pickingpetalsfromadaisy.UnderPereira,theCourthas rejectedanyrelianceonprecedent,callingintodoubtthis institution'scredibilitywiththePanamanianpublic. WhoisCarlosCarrillo? 4.(C)ArjonaalertedAIDDirectorthatYelinek'sPanamanian lawyer,CarlosE.Carrillo,isonetowatch.Carrilloisthe attorneywhodefendedsittingLegislatorPedroMiguel Gonzalez,wantedforthe1992murderofU.S.ArmySargeant ZakHernandez(Ref.D),andthenhelpedprosecuteformer JudicialTechnicalPoliceDirectorJaimeAbadontrumpedup chargesofevidencetampering.(Abadhadledthe investigationintheGonzalezcase).Carrilloalso representedallegedCEMISbagmanandPRDLegislatorMateo Castillero.(NOTE:TheCEMISscandalinvolvedanother SupremeCourtdecisionthathasraisedconcernsabout corruptionwithinthisinstitution.SeeReftelCfordetails. ENDNOTE.)RecentlyCarrillohasrepresentedthesisterof drugtraffickerJesusArcangelHenaoMontoyaaswellformer PresidentErnestoPerezBalladares(EPB)inother controversialcasestriedbeforePanama'sSupremeCourt.

(EPBwonhiscase,anditappearsthatLorenaHenaoMontoya alsowill.) CaseDetails 5.(S)AccordingtoreftelB,inNovember2001,thesuspect cargovesselOtterloo,deliveredfromPuertoElBluff, Nicaragua,toTurbo,Colombia,14containersofNicaraguan militaryweaponsapproximately3,000AKMriflesandfive millionroundsofammunition.InJanuary2002,the PanamanianNationalPolice(PNP)seizedandsearchedthe OtterlooinPanamanianwatersafterreceivingatipfrom Colombianauthorities.Thegunsandammoneverwere recovered,butthesizeandnatureoftheshipmentwere piecedtogetherbypoliceworkandintelreports.ThePNP discoveredtwoconflictingsetsofcargorecordsandtook statementsfromtheship'screwregardingtheOtterloo'strue cargo.Nicaraguanofficialsthenproducedaweaponspurchase orderallegedlyauthorizedbymidlevelPNPofficialsthat waslaterprovedtobeaforgery.Thedocumentwastracedto ShimonYalinYelinekandtwoIsraelinationalsresidingin Guatemala.YelinekfacedchargesinPanamaforforgeryand conspiracyintheillegalshipmentofweaponsandwas releasedon$750,000bail.AspeciallyformedOAScommission implicatedYelinek,butexoneratedPanamanianauthorities. 6.(C)TheSupremeCourt'smajoritydecisiontoquashthe Yelinekcasecitesalackofevidentiaryties(nexus)to PanamatoallowPanama'sSupremeCourttoassert jurisdiction.Thejusticesruledthatthereisnoevidence thatmeetingstookplaceinPanamatopurchasetheweapons andammunition,thatthepurchaseorderwasnotissuedin Panama,anddismissedforgerycharges.Therulingignores theOtterloo'sPanamanianflag(andlegalresponsibilities underthatregistry)andthefactthattheforgedpurchase orderwasaPanamanianNationalPolice(PNP)document. Comment:NextSteps 7.(C)InyetanotherexampleofPanama'sSupremeCourt deepsixingahighprofilecorruptioncaseontrumpedup technicalities,Panamaniansarebecomingincreasingly disenchantedwiththeirhighcourt.(NOTE:Panama'spress closelycoveredtheYelinekcaseandreportedablowbyblow ofbriberyaccusationsanddeliberationsintheequally egregiousmultimillionCEMIScase,whichtheSupremeCourt threwoutonSeptember17,2003.ENDNOTE.)Despitehis

insistencethatcomplainantsexhaustallotheroptionsbefore filingconstitutionalclaimswiththeSupremeCourt,Pereira acceptedanotherparticularlycontentiouscase,orderingthe immediatereleaseofFormerPresidentPerezBalladares' assets,whichtheComptrollerGeneral'sofficefrozebasedon EPB'stiestothePECCscandal.(SeeReftelD.) 8.(C)DEA'sinvestigationofYelinekcontinues.DEAPanama hasrequestedtheassistanceofDOJ'sAssetsForfeitureMoney Laundering(AFML)Sectionforaneventualprosecutioninthe UnitedStates.DespitereportsthatYelinekistryingto "expedite"hisnaturalizationasaPanamaniancitizen,high GOPofficialsareapparentlyangrywiththerulingand seekingtohaveYelinek'sresidencyrevokedinordertoexpel himfromPanama.Panama'sconstitutionprohibitsextradition ofPanamaniancitizens,whichwouldcomplicatefutureUS prosecutionofacaseagainsthimifheweretogain citizenship. 9.(C)Webelievethatthistypeofegregiouscorruptionin thecourtsposesathreattoU.S.economicandsecurity interestsinPanama.Unfortunately,decisionsdrivenby factorsotherthanjurisprudenceareseenatalllevelsof Panama'sjudicialsystem.Thelackofpositiverolemodels atthetopappearstodrivethelackofpoliticalwillamong leaderstotacklefundamentalweaknessesinthejudiciary. ExpressionsofUSGconcernwouldhavethegreatest demonstrationeffectifdirectedatthetopofthejudicial hierarchy.Thus,Embassyisincludingwhethera212(f)visa revocationwouldbeappropriateforanyoftheindividuals involvedinthiscaseinitsassessmentofoptionsfor respondingtotheSupremeCourt'slatestdubiousdecision. AnotheroptionwewillconsiderissuspendingUSAID's assistancetotheSupremeCourt,channelingitinsteadto civilsociety. MCMULLEN

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