HUMANITIES CH IX I. Arabia and Islam a. Arabian Peninsula i. ISLAM religion found by prophet MOHAMMAD Highly Praised ii.

. Legendary kingdom of deity SHIVA iii. OIL black gold b. 2 TYPES i. DESERT ARABS BEDOUINS tunnels, horses, ship, robbery ii. COASTAL ARABS agriculture and trade c. JIHAD (holy war) June 8 632AD Muhammad died in MEDINA d. ISLAM means submission to the will of ALAH e. MUSLIN followers of ISLAM one who surrenders himself f. Other Prophets i. ADAM ii. ABRAHAM iii. MOSES iv. JESUS g. KORAN(QURAN) Recitation consists of 114 sutra chapters h. 5 PILLARS OF ISLAM i. There is no god but Alah and mohammad is his prophet ii. Prayer 5x/day facing MECCA iii. Giving once to the poor ZAKAT iv. Fasting during RAMADAN v. Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime i. HADJI pilgrims j. 555M Members k. ARABIAN EMPIRE CALIPH Successor i. Abu Bakr (652-634) ii. Omar (634-649) iii. Euthman (644-656) iv. Ali (656-661) l. Human Rights i. Few education CH X II. MONGOL CONQUEST a. GENGHIS KHAN (1167-1227) Empire (TEMUYIN-FINNEST STEAL) i. greatest khan mongol empire ii. Jakat, Ogotai, Batukan, Obl b. YASSA mongol code of law, all men should believe in one GOD c. CUBLI KHAN first CHINA emperor CH XI

III.

SWEUK AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE a. 1453-1566 Fall of Constantinople b. 1096-1297 The Crusades (war between Christians and muslims) c. 1085Seljuk turks captured Palestine d. 1453-1566 golden age of Ottoman Empire e. 1571 Domination of Ottoman navy over the Mediterranean f. 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish war g. 1908 Turkish Revolution h. 1923 Discovery of a new champion MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURKE i. 1345 Domination of Ottoman Turks Over Asia Minor j. JANISSARIES fanatical warriors Boys taken from families suicide bombers k. KEMAL ATATURKE father of modern TURKEY

CH XII IV. THE EARL MIDDLE AGES, DARK AGES OF EUROPE a. MIDDLE AGES fall of Rome to Fall of Constantinople 1476-1452 AD b. 2 PERONS i. EARLY MIDDLE AGES/DARK AGES (476-800AD) ii. LATE R MIDDLE AGES/FEUNAL AGE (800-453) c. BARBARRIANS backward (HUNNS) vandals destructive people d. FEUDAL AGE German Gods i. FATHER Tuesday Tiuw ii. God of WAR Wednesday Woden iii. GOD OF THUNDER Thursday Thor iv. GODDESS OF FERTILITY Friday Frigay e. MONASTICISM life of self cenial, selfillusion from the world f. MONASTERIES i. MONTE CASSIVO in ITALY (Founder by St Benedict) ii. MONTASTERY OF IONA in Ireland (founded by St Columba) iii. MONASTERY OF CLUNI in Burgundy (founded by Bemo) CH XIII V. LATER MIDDLE AGES a. Feudalism, Chivalry Crusades b. FIEF Land grants give by LORD one who gave land c. VASSAL one who receives land d. HOMAGE vassal becomes loyal to the LORD after given land e. CHIVALRY knights i. FRENCH CHEVALIERS Horsemen f. MANOR lords CASTLE and Lands Afford it g. SERFS peasants who tilled the land h. CRUSADE Latin CRUX cross i. CRUSADES holy war CH XIV

VI.

GROWTH OF TOWNS AND MEDEIVAL CIVILIZATION a. MONASTERY lit the spiritual flam of Christianity b. CASTLE bread mannery and customs c. TOWN - produced industrial heritage which developed the west ahead of east till 20th century d. FERIA festival (latin) e. MEDEIVAL FAIR lasted for several weeks, market festival, held on a holiday f. VENICE biggest town, QUEEN OF THE ADRIATIC i. OTHER TOWNS 1. Florence 2. Milan 3. Genova g. GUILD SYSTEM protect merchants and craftsman i. 2 TYPES 1. Merchant Guild serve businessmen 2. Craft Guild Craft or Trade h. HANSIATIC LEAGUE i. Merchants formed to protect trade interests i. POPULAR CENTER OF PILGRIMAGE i. CANTERBERRY England ii. SANTIAGO DE CAMPOSTELA Spain j. POPULAR UNIVERSITY TOWNS i. OXFORD England ii. CAMBRIDGE England iii. PARIS france iv. SALAMANCA spain v. LOUVAINE Belgium vi. COLUMBIA Portugal k. UNIVERSITY OF PARIS i. Philosophy l. UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA (ITALY) i. Law m. UNIVERSITY OF SALERMO (ITALY) i. Medicine n. UNIVERSITY association i. Most philosophy ii. Theology (queen of science) philosophy o. PETER ABELARD 1st scholastic philosopher; greatest teacher in medieval Europe, taught his students at university of Paris to ask Questions p. THOMAS AQUINAS Italian/Dominican philosopher; greatest of all scholastic philosopher, Angelic Doctor

q. ROGER BACON greatest scientist in medieval churchmen; called Pioneer of modern science i. LATIN international language of western world ii. VERNACULAR born in ones house, new language develop among the masses of difference countries of medieval Europe iii. DANTES DIVINE COMEDY greatest poet 1. DANTE - father of Italian poetry iv. GEOFFREY CHAUCER father of English poetry CANTERBURY TALES CH XV VII. RENAISSANCE a. RENAISSANCE awakening, revival i. ITALY began b. HUMANISM study of classical Greek and Latin writings i. HUMANITAS culture ii. PATRONS: popes, king, rich merchants iii. PAPAL PATRONS 1. NICHOLAS V 2. SIXTUS IV 3. LEO X 4. CLEMENT VII iv. INVENTIONS 1. COMPASS direction 2. ASTROLAB miners estimate altitude 3. GUNPOWDER used in 100 yr war 1339-1445 4. CREPE PAPER - Chinese 5. PRINTING greatest invention in Europe c. IMPORTANT PEOPLE i. LORENZO DE MEDICI (1469-92) famous of humanist ii. NICOLO MACHIAVELLI (1469-1527) founder of new science of politics in the prince iii. FRANCESCO PETRATCH (1304-74) father of humanist iv. GIUVANNI BOCCACCIO (1313-75) de Cameron v. DESIDERIUS ERASMUS (1466-1556) in praise for Folly vi. THOMAS MORE (1428-1535) Utopia vii. LEONARDO DE VINCI (1452-1519) Mona Lisa Last Supper viii. MICHAELANGELO (1475-1520) Sistine chapel ix. RAFAEL (1483-156) Sistine Medina, perfect painter x. PESAN OF PISA (1205-78) Father of Renaissance culture xi. LORENZO GHIBERTI (1370-1455) curved bronze doors of Florence Cathedral xii. LA VIETA painted by Michelangelo xiii. FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI (1377-1446) Renaissance architecture xiv. GIOCANNI PALESTRINA (1525-1594) prince of music

CH 1567 king phillip II sent to the low an army 20k spaniard 1576 temporary union of 17 provinces 1579 birth of dutch republic 163401648 dutch succeded in taking Curacao 1688-97 war of the league of augsfurd 1640 partugese gain independence 1580-1640 union of spain or portugal 1520 carrals discovery brazil 1495-1521 golden age of portugal 1388 destruction of Spanish armada July 3, 187 high proclaimed as king of france 1430 joan of arch captured 1682 luis XIV moved the seat of govt from paris to versaille 1756-63 7 yr war 1740-48 war of the Austrian successor 1515 protugal controlled the sea route from Europe to the east 1497 cabot insearch of a westward route indies 1581 proclaimed independence from Spanish rule July 4, 1789 fall of the bastille Aug 4, 1789 national assembly passed of france abolish privilege of colony Aug 261789 declaration of the rights of man July 12 1790 national assemble passed the civil constitution of clergy whcich nationalized the catholic shurch