WIND GENERATION REPORT AT WWIL

A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF POWER GENERATION:

THE GENERATOR HARNESSING THE WIND The wind rotates the blade of the turbine due to the aerodynamic phenomenon of lift (similar to how an aeroplane generates lift). The blades act as an air foiland spindue to differing speeds of air on either side of the blades that creates a net pressure difference. It is this pressure difference that creates the fore to move the blades. The faster the speed of air the greater is the force of this lift. This rotational force generated by the flowing wind is then tapped by a generator in the turbine that converts the incoming air into electricity by the principle of electromagnetic induction. THE GENERATORS - The turbines used by wind world India 1. Are direct drive turbines they are gearless turbines that work in variable wind speeds and deliver variable voltages 2. Have independently excited rotor the rotors are excited externally by a DC voltage to create the flux required to facilitate rotation. 3. aresynchronous generators the voltage produced is in phase with the rotation of the rotor and the output is of varying voltage. These generators deliver different voltages based on the wind speed and do not require heavy, mechanical gear boxes that have many moving parts.

THE PROCESS STEP 1. The turbine generates an A/C current in the windings of the stator STEP 2. This variable voltage and frequency power generated by the turbine is converted to DC power by a rectifier circuit at 630V. The specifications of this rectifier are _____ STEP 3. This DC current gets distributed to three Inverter boxes by a Distributor box. STEP 4. Each of these boxes is an inverter that convert the D/C to A/C power. Each box produces an output of about 400-440V of three phase A/C power and converts 1/3 of the total power being generated by the turbine. The circuitry in each box not only generates a sinusoidal voltage but also has a circuit that delays a third of the output by a phase angle of 120 degree and another third by a phase angle of 240 degree to create a three phase A/C power output. STEP 5. This output is then combined by a bus wire and stepped up to 33kV by a transformer on the tower of the turbine and distributed to the nearest VCD. This same power is fedback through an excitation box to power the rectifierand is converted to DCin a closed loop circuit to add the required reactive power in the rotor of the generator to create the magnetic flux. This generates the magnetic field in the magnet of the rotor to create the flux required for the windings to produce A/C power. Wind World India uses three types of turbines to generate power. The E-33, the E-48 and E-53. These numbers refer to the diameter of the blade sweep area (in meters). The E-33and E-48 are rated for 800 MW

whereas the E-53 is rated for 900 MW. They have efficiencies of 57%, 50% and 55% respectively and cut in speeds of 2m/s, 2.5 m/s and 2 m/s respectively. SCADA SYSTEM AT THE TURBINE - In addition to this the control box in the turbine is synchronized with the SCADA system in the Mumbai headquarters to both give remote commands to the turbine that enable WWIL to change set points and parameters (for example one can limit the power being output remotely by turning off one of the three inverter boxes) and send data to the SCADA office in Mumbai regarding various parameters of the turbine over time for monitoring and analysis. It can monitor temperature, mechanical vibrations at various points, give the windspeeds and rotor speeds at a time in addition to the power output, voltage and current to monitor and maintain the system remotely and to assist in predicting mechanical failure of any of the parts in the system. This information is processed by the SCADA system on board the control panel of the turbine and is transmitted to a dish by an Optical Fiber cable which is then transmitted to Mumbai. THE VFD station. The VFD station is simply a hub that connects several incoming turbines/VFD together to be sent to the substation. It has its own VCB and Isolator circuitry, which perform similar to the VCB and Isolators that exist in the substation (to be described next).